Efeito do açai jussara (Euterpe edulis Martius) sobre marcadores de risco cardiovascular em camundongos submetidos a uma dieta hiperlipídica
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Data
2016-07-11
Autores
Silva, Laíz Aparecida Azevedo
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the major responsible factor for morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The intake of foods rich in antioxidants, such as acai, can help reducing the risk of CVD. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the jussara acai (Euterpe edulis Martius) on cardiovascular risk biomarcador in mice submitted to a high fat diet. The pulp of jussara acai was lyophilized and analysed for its chemical composition, phenolic compounds, anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity. For the biological assay, 43 adult male Swiss mice were used. Initially, the animals were submitted a control diet (AIN-93M) (n = 22) or high fat diet (n = 21) for 8 weeks. For a period of additional 8 weeks, the group received the control diet (AIN-93M): control diet (AIN-93M) (CT, n = 10) or control diet (AIN-93M) supplemented with 2% lyophilized jussara açai pulp (CT+A, n = 12); the group received high fat diet: high fat diet (HF, n = 9) or high fat diet supplemented with 2% lyophilized jussara acai pulp (HF+A, n = 12). At the end of the experiment the animals were euthanized and blood samples collected for analysis: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, free fatty acids, glucose, activator inhibitor plasminogen type 1 (PAI-1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule (ICAM), e-selectin, were histologically analyzed liver and adipose tissue. The results were analyzed by t test to evaluate the control and HF groups prior to supplementation. The 'two-way' analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to evaluate the effect of diet and fruit and/or its interaction among the experimental groups (CT, HF, CT+A and HF+A). The data were presented as mean and standard error, with 5% significance level. The experimental groups CT, CT+A and HF+A had less than 33% of hepatocytes with lipid accumulation, however, the intensity of hepatic steatosis HF group was classified between 33 and 66% of the hepatic parenchyma with fat deposition. As for the area of adipocytes was no effect of diet, fruit or the interaction between the experimental groups. Supplementation with 2% lyophilized jussara açaí was not effective to improve the levels of AST, ALT, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, free fatty acids and glucose. The jussara açaí did not change cardiovascular risk biomarcador ICAM, PAI-1 and e-selectin. In conclusion, supplementation with acai jussara was not effective in improving cardiovascular risk biomarcador and other biochemical parameters evaluated. On the other hand, acai jussara promoted reduction of hepatic steatosis of the mice subjected to high-fat diet.
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Antioxidant , Cardiovascular health , Saúde cardiovascular , Anthocyanins , Dieta hiperlipídica , High fat diet , Açaí jussara