Atributos físicos e químicos do solo em sistema silvipastoril
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Data
2013-02-27
Autores
Taufner, Gisela Azevedo
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Editor
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Changes in physical and chemical soil attributes were assessed in a silvopastoral
system over time, taken on a gradient away from the trees. The experiment was
conducted from 03/2010 to 09/2012 at Embrapa South-East Cattle Research Center,
Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil (21° 57' 33" S; 47° 51' 06" W). The silvopastoral system was
implanted in 2007 with the planting of native trees in a Brachiaria decumbens pasture
in soil LVA and LV medium to evaluate the influence of the tree component in the
physical and chemical soil under silvopastoral system. In about eight hectares, the
trees were planted in strips spaced 17 m in pastures with electric fence protection .
Sampling was made in 4 different points regarding the distances from the row of trees:
0.0m; 2 m; 4.75 m; 8.5 m; at 3 depths: 0-10 cm; 10-20 cm; 20-40 cm; with 4 and 5
replications to physical and chemical attributes respectively. From physical attributes
were determined: soil density, macro and micro porosity, aggregate stability and soil
resistance to penetration at 0-20 and 20-40 cm. For chemical attributes were
determined pH and levels of P, K, Ca, Mg, organic matter (OM), potential acidity (H +
Al), exchangeable aluminum (Al), cation exchange capacity, sulfur (S), base saturation
and aluminum saturation. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and mean
treatment were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. For the physical attributes
significant differences were found for all assessed characteristics related with depth,
being observed significant increase of organic matter to the system, favoring
aggregation and soil structure at depth of 0-10 cm. The chemical attributes that
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express improvement of soil fertility were higher at a depth of 0-10 cm and were not
benefited by the presence of trees. There was an increase of the value from the first to
the second year of assessment. Assessments are needed over time to monitor these
attributes, it is expected that with the system stabilization it is possible to achieve
conclusive results about the influence of afforestation in silvopastoral systems.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Soil degradation , Soil organic matter , Aggregate stability , Matéria orgânica do solo , Sistemas agroflorestais , Agroforestry , Degradação do solo
Citação
TAUFNER, Gisela Azevedo. Atributos físicos e químicos do solo em sistema silvipastoril. 2013. 74 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agricultura Tropical) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura Tropical, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus, 2013.