Vegetação, morfologia urbana e temperatura de superfície em uma cidade de médio porte: estudo de caso em Colatina (ES, Brasil)
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Data
2024-06-24
Autores
Pessim, Lucas Freitas
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Urbanization has caused significant changes in the urban climate, highlighting the importance of studies in urban climatology to understand the impacts of human activities in cities. The climate emergency further intensifies these effects, making the analysis of the interaction between urbanization and climate crucial. In this context, this research proposes to spatially analyze surface temperature and its manifestation with vegetation and urban morphology in a medium-sized city. The methodology involved a literature review to theoretically support the research, followed by the use of georeferencing and remote sensing techniques for data acquisition, treatment and processing. The LCZ Generator was hired to design the mapping of urban morphology through Local Climate Zones (LCZ). Furthermore, open data was acquired and manipulated in QGIS software for spatial analysis. The main unrevealed results between the research variables – LCZs, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and day and night surface temperature (LST) – as evidenced by scatterplots and Pearson and determination coefficients. It should be noted that the urban classes of the LCZs presented milder daytime surface temperatures than the rural classes, mainly influenced by the presence of the Doce River. On the other hand, rural classes revealed higher daytime surface temperatures, especially in pasture areas, reducing greater warming compared to the urbanized area. Challenges related to the spatial resolution of the MODIS sensor were identified in cities such as Colatina, with dispersed and fragmented urban areas. In addition to the above, it was found that urban and rural areas were located in the same pixel, masking the region's climatic heterogeneity, pointing to the need for more refined approaches or the use of sensors with greater spatial resolution for future studies. Thus, this study demonstrates the importance of analyzing the concentration between urban morphology, clusters and LST for understanding climate dynamics in medium-sized cities.
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Morfologia urbana , Temperatura de superfície , Local climates zones