A luta do campesinato e o programa de aquisição de alimentos: um olhar crítico
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Data
2019-04-11
Autores
Queiroz, Marina de Abreu
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Under the auspices of neoliberalism, the restructuring movement of the globalized and imperialist capitalism transformed the reproduction of the dependency condition in latin american countries. The capital-labour relations continues to be central, just as Marx advocated. However, new political players and complex categories appeared in this economic structure. The peasant social movements emerged as great political actors of the class struggle in the globalization period by contesting the capital and organizing itself around the development of new social and production relations rooted in the concept of food sovereignty. In this context, the Food Acquisition Programme (PAA) was set up in 2003 in association with the “Zero Hunger” Program and the food security concept, and the PAA showed itself to be one of the main programs that materializes the human right to food in Brazil. The PAA, which is a governmental policy, needs to be studied under two perspectives of the class struggle. First as a recommended policy by the international organisms to guarantee society’s cohesion and prevent the growing numbers of social phenomena originated from the extreme inequality provoked by the hegemonic economic system. And second as an attainment of the peasants’ struggle from two historical perspectives: to the struggle for the land (Land Reform) and the land struggle for permanence (for the social and economic reproduction of the peoples). This, however, raises a question: what is the face of imperialism in this new phase? And most importantly, who are the peasants that appear in the 21st century as a central political figure in the anti-globalization movement? We’ll search in the history, under the dialectical and historical materialism perspective, for answers and questionings on both sides of the class struggle, that recreates itself in the dialectical movement of capitalism. With these considerations addressed, we can ask ourselves if the PAA is an achievement (from the struggle of the peasant movement) and/or if it’s a recommendation (of the international organisms).
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Campesinato , Luta de classes , Desenvolvimento , Dependência , PAA , Peasants , Class struggle , Development , Dependency , Agricultura e Estado , Reforma agrária , Movimentos sociais , Política pública