Desigualdades sociais em experiências de adoecimento por Diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
Data
2019-11-25
Autores
Ruiz, Nicolás Ortiz
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Diseases are manifestations in the bodies of individuals, related to the social, political, economic and cultural conditions they experience. Consequently, their intensity and frequency, their effects, vary according to social structure at different times in history. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease whose development and evolution are directly influenced by social situations. Its epidemic behavior involves a complex group of genetic and epigenetic systems that interact within an equally complex social structure capable of determining individual and collective behaviors and practices. It is a typical example of a disease that appears to be concentrated in areas of greater poverty and in individuals with low incomes and low levels of education. The objective of this research was to analyze and understand how the social inequalities experienced by individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus affect their illness experiences. This study corresponds to a qualitative research, based on biographical reports of people with this diagnosis for over a year and with different socioeconomic and sociocultural characteristics. The cases were selected in different health centers in the city of Santiago de Cali-Colombia, seeking representation from different social classes, gender and racial ethnicity. The main findings show a close relationship between context, life trajectories and illness experiences. It is observed that, in life trajectories, the main axes around which social inequalities are configured are the territory, gender and the link between education and work. From these axes, the relationships between social structures, social interactions and the actions of individuals establish distributions and differential access to various capitals. This configures a ranking of social positions that enables greater advantages, benefits, opportunities for some individuals over others. In illness experiences, these inequalities are articulated in the access and use of services, in relationships with health personnel, in social support and networks and in self-care practices. Similarly, the disease has the potential to articulate according to levels of social vulnerability, producing a vicious circle between vulnerability-disease-vulnerability. This paper offers alternative to quantitative methods for analyzing health inequalities. In this sense, the importance of quantifying the magnitude and distribution of social asymmetry and disadvantage phenomena in large population groups is highlighted, but, on the other hand, understanding experiences in specific contexts provides inputs to generate equal opportunities, access and capabilities, recognizing territorial, socioeconomic and socio-cultural differences and inequalities. It is essential to continue to deepen intersectionalities in order to identify the specific ways in which different experiences articulate in certain forms of social organization to produce social inequalities. In this sense, it is important to insist on the situated and particular character of these intersectionalities so as not to fall into the determinisms of class, gender or race, to name a few, which eventually make certain populations vulnerable, or prevent other forms of inequality from being recognized.economic and cultural conditions they experience. Consequently, their intensity and frequency, their effects, vary according to social structure at different times in history. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease whose development and evolution are directly influenced by social situations. Its epidemic behavior involves a complex group of genetic and epigenetic systems that interact within an equally complex social structure capable of determining individual and collective behaviors and practices. It is a typical example of a disease that appears to be concentrated in areas of greater poverty and in individuals with low incomes and low levels of education. The objective of this research was to analyze and understand how the social inequalities experienced by individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus affect their illness experiences. This study corresponds to a qualitative research, based on biographical reports of people with this diagnosis for over a year and with different socioeconomic and sociocultural characteristics. The cases were selected in different health centers in the city of Santiago de Cali-Colombia, seeking representation from different social classes, gender and racial ethnicity. The main findings show a close relationship between context, life trajectories and illness experiences. It is observed that, in life trajectories, the main axes around which social inequalities are configured are the territory, gender and the link between education and work. From these axes, the relationships between social structures, social interactions and the actions of individuals establish distributions and differential access to various capitals. This configures a ranking of social positions that enables greater advantages, benefits, opportunities for some individuals over others. In illness experiences, these inequalities are articulated in the access and use of services, in relationships with health personnel, in social support and networks and in self-care practices. Similarly, the disease has the potential to articulate according to levels of social vulnerability, producing a vicious circle between vulnerability-disease-vulnerability. This paper offers alternative to quantitative methods for analyzing health inequalities. In this sense, the importance of quantifying the magnitude and distribution of social asymmetry and disadvantage phenomena in large population groups is highlighted, but, on the other hand, understanding experiences in specific contexts provides inputs to generate equal opportunities, access and capabilities, recognizing territorial, socioeconomic and socio-cultural differences and inequalities. It is essential to continue to deepen intersectionalities in order to identify the specific ways in which different experiences articulate in certain forms of social organization to produce social inequalities. In this sense, it is important to insist on the situated and particular character of these intersectionalities so as not to fall into the determinisms of class, gender or race, to name a few, which eventually make certain populations vulnerable, or prevent other forms of inequality from being recognized.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Desigualdades sociais , Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 , Pesquisa qualitativa , Social inequalities , Type 2 Diabetes mellitus , Qualitative research