Fatores ergonômicos das atividades em uma fábrica de ferramentas
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Data
2011-02-11
Autores
Guimarães, Pompeu Paes
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Editor
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
To evaluate ergonomic work stations of a production plant for the process of forging tools by hammering covering: the human factors and working conditions, the relationship between anthropometry of workers and the workplace, the conditions of the working environment (thermal comfort, ventilation, illumination and noise) and the layout of the workplace. The production of tools involves the following activities: cutting area and a second region of orvado area, turning, forging area, area of the marker, tempera, insertion of cables, grinding, welding and varnishing. To characterize the human factors and working conditions, we used a structured questionnaire in order to know the opinion of workers about their duties. For the thermal comfort was used WBGT; to measure the wind speed the wind speed light meter to measure the amount of light shed production, and to collect decibel noise that workers were exposed. The activity was varnishing the activity easier, less dangerous and less tiring and Emery, preferably smaller, more dangerous and tiring. Detected a high rate of accidents in production of tools affecting mainly the region of the fingers (72%). Anthropometric analysis of the relationship and characteristics of the machines, the ideal height of the benches is 0.9 m (heavy duty), and workers should use lower pallets of 0.2 m, the optimal range is 0.3 m² and the ideal range maximum of 1.0 m² area. The data on average WBGT ranged from 20.9°C (varnishing to 8 hours) to 27.3°C (16 hours to forge). The area of the forger and tracer activities were higher on average WBGT during the entire production process. All activities showed wind speeds below 0.8 m/s is perfectly acceptable throughout the working day, an average of 0.1 m/s (at 8 o clock welding) to 0.7 m/s (cut area 2 to 13 hours). The illuminance on average ranged from 42.9 Lux (forger to 8 hours) to 393.3 Lux (cutting area 2 to 12 hours). The activities of varnishing, tempera, marker area, area of insertion of cables and forger had means below the required illuminance (150 lux) throughout the workday. All activities presented noise above 85 dB (A) except the varnish and a cutting area, the noise levels ranged on average from 79.7 (varnishing to 8 hours) to 95.7 dB (A) (to Emery 13 hours). For the layout analysis is proposed a new physical layout to reduce unproductive time, facilitate the sequence of production and marketing of materials
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Palavras-chave
Layout of the production process , Ergonomic , Human factors , Anthropometry , Work environment , Fatores humanos , Layout do processo produtivo
Citação
GUIMARÃES, Pompeu Paes. Fatores ergonômicos das atividades em uma fábrica de ferramentas. 2011. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Florestais) — Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, 2011.