Mestrado em Ciências Florestais
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Mestrado Acadêmico
Ano de início: 2008
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Ofício N. 39-12/2007/CTC/CCA/CAPES de 31/07/2007 Homologado pelo CNE (Portaria Nº 656 de 22/05/2017) Publicação DOU em 27/07/2017, Seç. 1, Pag. 36.
Periodicidade de seleção: Semestral
Área(s) de concentração: Ciências Florestais
Url do curso: https://cienciasflorestais.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGCFL/detalhes-do-curso?id=1424
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Submissões Recentes
- ItemFios de microfibrilas de celulose com amido catiônico e álcool polivinílico(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-08-19) Colares Neto, Jair Rogerio; Moulin, Jordão Cabral ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5543-3853; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3577181658928552; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4066-6611; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4057333556658347; Oliveira, Michel Picanço ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9241-0194; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6383844066460475; Silva, Danillo Wisky ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4330-6934; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0273926630327284; Mendonça, Maressa Carvalho ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7532-7794; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7436952574918543The production of renewable-based polymers to replace fossil-derived ones and reduce environmental impacts is gaining prominence. Cellulose is the most abundant renewable polymer on Earth, and cellulose microfibrils (MFC) exhibit mechanical and physical properties that enable the production of filaments. This study explores the fabrication of MFC-reinforced yarns, combining cationic starch (AC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as reinforcements, using sodium alginate as the matrix. Both bleached and unbleached MFC (4.5% w/w) were used, with AC (3% w/w) and PVA (2% w/w) in a sodium alginate matrix (2% w/w) as the binding agent, using the wet spinning process with calcium chloride as the solvent. Analyses included microstructure, water absorption, thermogravimetry, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and mechanical strength tests. The results indicate that the addition of AC and PVA improves the properties of the yarns. Tensile strength increased from 30 MPa to 60 MPa (AC) and to 50 MPa (PVA). The elastic modulus increased from 2 GPa to 4 GPa (AC) and to 3.5 GPa (PVA). Unbleached MFC yarns showed higher water absorption (5.52 g/g) compared to bleached MFC yarns (4.08 g/g). Regarding filament size, PVA yarns had a larger diameter, being 16% larger than the cationic starch yarns. It is concluded that the combination of MFC with AC and PVA improves the properties of the filaments
- ItemO resultado da análise da densidade básica da madeira é influenciado pelo método de determinação e tipo de amostra?(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-06-27) Arantes, Bruno Sangali; Souza, Izabel Christina Gava de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8396-0036; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0258207357361340; Silva, João Gabriel Missia da ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3714-2745; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2819330926740099; Dambroz, Graziela Baptista Vidaurre ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9285-7105; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2988548512574129; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4674-2723; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0957581572507863; José Luís Penetra Cerveira Louzada ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0991-1711; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Segura, Tiago Edson Simkunas ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7951-9694; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0738517737421504; Castor Neto, Thayanne Caroline ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-1665; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6667969524192169; Batista, Djeison Cesar; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4427-2457; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2211842232280717Wood basic density is a crucial parameter for the viability of industries in the forestry sector, particularly in pulp production. However, the time required to saturate wood samples before analysis remains a significant challenge. Existing technical standards have gaps that lead to the adoption of different samples, saturation methods, and methodologies for determining basic density, resulting in variations in the outcomes. This study aimed to analyze the effect of different methods, sample types, and saturation parameters on the determination of the basic density of eucalyptus wood and how they interfere with the prediction of parameters in the pulp industry. The study involved the analysis of five eucalyptus clones (E. grandis, E. urophylla, and their hybrids) aged 6.8 years, originating from an experimental plot in São Miguel Arcanjo, São Paulo. Five trees per clone were collected, sampled at different positions along the commercial stem, generating discs and chips. The basic density of the discs was determined by the hydrostatic balance method, while the chips were analyzed using both the hydrostatic balance method and the maximum moisture content method, with saturation checked every three days, except for tests 2 and 3, which began on the fourth day, using constant mass and submersion methodologies. The results showed that the saturation method significantly influences the basic density values obtained by the maximum moisture content method, with differences of up to 28.27 kg/m³. Although the saturation tests did not significantly impact the final basic density values, tests 2 and 3 reduced the saturation time to six days, while the others varied between 9 and 15 days. The difference in basic density between wedges and chips was significant only for clone C2, with an average difference of up to 10.78 kg/m³ across all clones. Test 3, using vacuum, pressure, and a temperature of 100°C, produced the best results. The sample type, saturation criterion, and determination method proved to be factors of variability in wood basic density, and this variability led to consequences in the prediction of specific consumption
- ItemAvaliação do sequestro de carbono de dois ecossistemas marginais da mata atlântica(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-07-29) Bindeli, Gabrielli Machado; Santos, Alexandre Rosa dos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2617-9451; Dias, Henrique Machado; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2217-7846; Moreira, Taís Rizzo; Santos, Daniel Medina CorrêaThe greenhouse effect is a natural and necessary phenomenon for maintaining life on Earth. Over the years, this process has been strongly influenced by human activity, particularly industrialization and deforestation, leading to an imbalance in natural processes. This has resulted in global climate changes, including extreme events such as heatwaves, prolonged droughts, and above-average rainfall. These changes have had numerous consequences for the planet and its diverse forms of life. Among the various mechanisms aimed at mitigating the impacts of this process is investment in carbon sequestration and trading. This involves estimating the amount of carbon sequestered in a specific area to offset carbon emissions from a particular organization or entity. Based on this concept, a recent study sought to estimate the amount of carbon sequestered in distinct ecosystems in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Two scenarios were considered using data from two different satellites. The analysis focused on two conservation units: Pedra Azul State Park (PEPAZ) and Paulo César Vinha State Park (PEPCV). These parks protect peripheral ecosystems of the Atlantic Forest. The study correlated topographical, meteorological, and vegetation characteristics with carbon sequestration. Four dates in 2023 were evaluated: May 3rd, August 7th, September 24th, and November 11th. The results indicated that PEPAZ sequestered a greater amount of carbon on all evaluated days. Temperature and solar radiation were the most influential variables in this process. Regarding vegetation, forested areas had a greater carbon sequestration capacity compared to less dense formations, such as rocky outcrops and open shrublands. While there was good correlation between scenarios A and B, discrepancies were observed when evaluating the Mean Squared Error (MSE) and the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). Therefore, fieldwork is recommended to validate which method aligns better with reality. The methodology of this work can be adapted and applied to other regions of Brazil and the world.
- ItemPiso engenheirado misto fabricado a partir de diferentes combinações de taliscas de madeira e painel aglomerado(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-03-21) Mendonça, José Paulo Costa; Chaves, Izabella Luzia Silva ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3808-0136 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1057676508843699 ; Gonçalves, Fabricio Gomes ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2010-9508; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0616694853822879; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9601-3628; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8701409885301543; Brito, Alice Soares ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-1347; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5806753814666214; Oliveira, Rafael Gonçalves Espósito de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4392-9640; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6101924618352484Due to the decreasing availability of natural resources, there is a growing demand for new technologies to reduce the use of solid wood. In this context, the present work aims to develop a new product for flooring production. The study was conducted using particleboards made from pine wood and bonded with phenolformaldehyde adhesive, along with slats made from eucalyptus wood that were fixed to the panels with resorcinol-formaldehyde adhesive, forming an engineered flooring structure. For this purpose, panels were made containing different quantities of wood battens layers on the top and bottom of the panels, with slat layers positioned perpendicular to each other. The study showed that the addition of particleboards complementarily in flooring production improved physical and mechanical properties, enhancing product quality and reducing environmental impact, considering the sustainable origin of the raw material. By developing a sustainable alternative that combines particleboards and slats, the study significantly contributes to natural resource preservation. This innovative approach allowed the production engineered wood flooring with enhanced physical and mechanical properties without the need for large quantities of solid wood. Thus, environmental impact is reduced, promoting a more conscious and responsible solution for the flooring industry
- ItemAtributos físicos e infiltração de água no solo sob eucalipto e pastagem(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-03-25) Pola, Lunalda Aparecida Vaz; Rangel, Otacílio José Passos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1539-6533; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7212423450267908; Zanetti, Sidney Sara; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9135-3925; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4564504261678929; Cecílio, Roberto Avelino; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2894-2481; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5497084995510727; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6692-6661; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5829417380389786; Pires, Fábio Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6534-3475; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5930035056050041; Cunha, Fernando França da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1671-1021; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3298521301507257; Passos, Renato Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7730-748X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3882320619443256Understanding water infiltration into the soil is of great importance for adopting the best soil and water management practices. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the physical attributes and infiltration behavior in a soil under eucalyptus compared to its previous use as pastureland. Infiltration was determined through ring infiltrometer tests at three different positions in the terrain, with three infiltration tests conducted at each position. To characterize the soil, soil density, total porosity, macroporosity, microporosity, particle size distribution, total organic carbon, and penetration resistance were determined. Instantaneous infiltration equations were adjusted using the Kostiakov, Kostiakov-Lewis, Horton, and Philip models. The β values found for Horton were used to calculate the average β and applied to the equations along with field data; the same approach was used with the average β along with the average Tie. Exploratory analysis included clustering of points by Euclidean Distance, Principal Component Analysis, and Pearson correlation. To evaluate the difference between terrain positions, the data underwent ANOVA and Tukey's test at a 5% significance level. The difference between land uses was assessed using the ANOVA F-test at a 5% significance level. Model performance was assessed using the coefficient of determination (R²), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE), square root of the mean squared error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). There was no statistical difference between the lower, middle, and upper positions of the areas, indicating homogeneity. Stable infiltration rates were moderate for both areas, with no statistical difference (63.13 and 95.16 mm h-1 , for eucalyptus and pasture, respectively). Area differences were more related to their physical properties, especially macroporosity, microporosity, clay, and sand content. The adjustments made showed good performance in most study points for the Kostiakov, Kostiakov-Lewis, and Horton models, with Horton being the most faithful to infiltration. The Philip model did not fit the field data well and performed the worst, with a mean MAE of 25.48 mm h-1 for the eucalyptus area and 47.98 mm h-1 for the pasture area. Adjustments of the Horton equation using the average β resulted in an MAE of 15.64 mm h-1 for the eucalyptus area and 33.95 mm h-1 for the pasture area. Using the average β along with the average Tie increased the MAE to 25.54 mm h-1 for eucalyptus and 68.05 mm h-1 for the pasture area, therefore, its application is recommended only for the area under eucalyptus.