Mestrado em Ciências Florestais
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Mestrado Acadêmico
Ano de início: 2008
Conceito atual na CAPES: 5
Ato normativo: Portaria nº 398 de 29 de maio de 2025, publicado no DOU de 02/06/2025. Homologação do Parecer CNE/CES nº 176/2025
Periodicidade de seleção: Semestral
Área(s) de concentração: Ciências Florestais
Url do curso: https://cienciasflorestais.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGCFL/detalhes-do-curso?id=1424
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- ItemNew insights on the use of agroindustrial waste from fruit processing for the production of briquettes for food smoking(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-02-28) Delatorre, Fabíola Martins; Saloni, Daniel; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2298-080X; Perré, Giana Estela de Andrade Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0086500094340919; Dias Júnior, Ananias Francisco; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9974-0567; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2428652077952117; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1573-8353; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9605907768785175; Lucia, Suzana Maria Della; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0322-7684; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8734982167185652 ; Silva, Yuri Ferreira da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2481-0695; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2236086098367864; Silva, Álison Moreira da; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3671-928X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9748209517542126The impacts of agro-industrial residues from Citrus sinensis, Passiflora edulis and Vitis vinifera on the quality of briquettes used as solid fuel for smoking food are not fully understood, specifically with regard to residues from the peels of these fruits. In addition, this research presents new information on the presence of chemical compounds. Aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, ketones and furans, in agro-industrial residues that can influence the sensory profile and efficiency of the smoking process. In this context, the objective of this study was to investigate the properties of agro-industrial residues and the briquettes produced from them, evaluating their potential and viability for use in the food smoking process. Mixtures of Citrus sinensis, Passiflora edulis and Vitis vinifera and charcoal fines were analyzed and subsequently compacted in a briquetting machine at a temperature of 80°C and a pressure of 500 psi for five minutes. The physical, chemical and thermal properties of the agro-industrial waste were analyzed and the occurrence of organic compounds responsible for the emissions of these biomasses was determined by Gas Chromatography-MS (GC-MS) analysis, while the thermal characteristics were evaluated by Thermogravimetry (TGA) and the characterization of chemical bonds was obtained by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The produced briquettes were evaluated for their physical, chemical, mechanical, energetic, and thermal properties. In addition, morphological analysis was performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The addition of charcoal fines decreased the pH, increased the energy density and improved the thermal stability of the briquettes. The briquettes with the best potential were those produced with Vitis vinifera, presenting higher lignin content (27.62%), low ash content (3.5%), low volumetric expansion (1.39%), high mechanical strength (186 kgf), high energy density (5.68 Gcal.m–3) and combustibility index (0.42). Aromatic hydrocarbons were the most representative compounds in all biomasses evaluated, followed by phenols, ketones and furans. In short, agro-industrial waste, specifically from Vitis vinifera, can be a sustainable strategy for the production of briquettes intended for food smoking.
- ItemUso de dados de LiDAR aerotransportado e terrestre móvel no inventário quantitativo de árvores urbanas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-07-30) Souza, Emerson Eduardo Oliveira de; Mendonça, Adriano Ribeiro de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3307-8579; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110967421921927; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1639-5353; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8624018008470565; Moura, Cristiane Coelho de; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6743-8638; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8485099797100386; Silva, Gilson Fernandes da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7853-6284; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8643263800313625; Almeida, André Quintão de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5063-1762; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5929672339693607Urban tree planting plays an essential role in providing ecosystem services such as thermal regulation, surface runoff control, and air quality improvement. However, proper management of these trees depends on accurate, up-to-date, and efficient inventories. Given the operational limitations of conventional methods, this study evaluated the use of airborne LIDAR (ALS) and terrestrial. LIDAR (TLS) data for tree detection and the estimation of biometric variables in an urban environment. The main objective was to analyze the accuracy of these technologies in estimating variables such as total height (H), diameter at breast height (DBH), and crown diameter (de) along an urban street in the municipality of Jerónimo Monteiro, ES, Brazil. The methodology involved acquiring data with LIDAR sensors mounted on a remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) and on mobile terrestrial scanning equipment, in addition to traditional field inventory, Point clouds were pre-processed, classified, and normalized. Subsequently, digital terrain models (DTMs) were generated, individual trees were detected and segmented (ITD), structural metrics were extracted, and multiple linear regression models were fitted to estimate the variables of interest. The results showed that ALS presented higher accuracy in total height (H) estimation, with an adjusted Rª of 0.95 and RMSE of 6.69%. On the other hand, TLS performed better in the estimation of DBH (adjusted. R³ of 0.47 and RMSE of 26.21%) and cd (adjusted R³ of 0.55 and RMSE of 19.67%), providing better detail of the trees' lateral structure. The best-performing detection algorithm was the Local Maximum Filter (LMF) with a variable linear window, especially when applied directly to the TLS point cloud. Statistical modeling using point cloud-derived variables showed robust performance, particularly with metrics such as zq95, zkurt, and ikurt. It is concluded that both ALS and TLS are effective tools for urban forest inventory, with complementary potential. The combination of ALS's spatial coverage and TLS's structural detail can optimize urban planning and tree management, contributing to more efficient strategies for monitoring and managing urban green areas.
- ItemMadeira modificada termicamente de Eucalyptus grandis em sistemas fechado e aberto: relação entre a composição química e a resistência a fungos apodrecedores(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-07-30) Rupf, Anna Clara Oliveira; Santos, Mário Ferreira Conceição; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7815489824754185; Batista, Djeison Cesar; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4427-2457; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2211842232280717; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8488-4412; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2082037532074009; Wentzel, Maximilian; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5795-7589; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Rocha, Márcio Pereira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5420-8478; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9030150856640630abstract
- ItemUtilização de co-produtos da indústria de celulose e papel no desenvolvimento de novos materiais(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-07-19) Marcelino, Paulo Roberto Correia; Oliveira, Michel Picanço; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9241-0194; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6383844066460475; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8594-0920; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1327693141832879 ; Lopes, Felipe Perissé Duarte; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1867-6722; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1944239448019813; Amaral, Heliane Rosa do; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-6226; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2532103635590392The pulp and paper industry, during its process, generates valuable products that have found applications in various industrial areas, with emphasis on cellulose microfibrils (MFC), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and lignin. Cellulose microfibrils are fibers with nanometric dimensions, while cellulose nanocrystals are crystalline particles, both obtained from the cellulose molecule. Lignin, on the other hand, is a macromolecule associated with cellulose and hemicelluloses in lignocellulosic compounds. Both materials have been extensively explored in materials engineering due to their mechanical, physical, chemical, and biological properties. The use of these products is not limited to the pulp and paper industry but extends to sectors such as the textile and automotive industries, packaging production, among others. The innovative application of these materials has led to remarkable advancements in various fields, from the development of lighter and more sustainable materials to the creation of innovative solutions in different segments. Investment in research and development in this field is a way to find increasingly innovative pathways for the use of these co-products, providing both economic and environmental benefits. In this context, this work produced epoxy matrix composites with 20% epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) reinforced with varied compositions of CNC and lignin. The produced composites were characterized through mechanical tests of tensile and flexural strength, thermal analysis (TG/DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, and tests for water absorption behavior, accelerated UV-C degradation, and FTIR. It is expected that these materials will influence various properties of the composites, but, above all, that the resulting materials will present characteristics that enable new applications.
- ItemEstimativa de densidade básica da madeira de eucalipto por métodos não destrutivos(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-07-23) Queiroz, Érica Patrícia Pinto; Silva, João Gabriel Missia da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3714-2745; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2819330926740099; Lacerda, Talles Hudson Souza; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7205-728X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4165616415002078; Vidaurre, Graziela Baptista; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9285-7105; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2988548512574129; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4741-4668; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3452537489206864; Santos, Glaycianne Christine Vieira dos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1722-4073; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8641908177310762; Hein, Paulo Ricardo Gherardi; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9152-6803; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2874231166541071; Souza, Izabel Christina Gava de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8396-0036; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0258207357361340 ; Scolforo, Henrique Ferraço; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2015-5056; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2089292179790603The analysis of basic density (BD) using the traditional method requires significant time and operational resources, which limits the ability to conduct a more comprehensive sampling that represents the environmental and genotypic variations of plantations. Therefore, evaluating wood quality through faster and non-destructive techniques becomes a necessity. Non-destructive methods (ND) offer a quick, economical alternative with greater sample representativeness. Thus, the general objective was to evaluate the accuracy of different non destructive methods in estimating the BD of wood from young eucalyptus genetic materials, as well as to train and validate linear mixed models for this purpose. Five eucalyptus clones were studied, aged 6.8, 6.6, and 7.2 years, from three different growth sites: Nova Viçosa (Bahia - BA), São Miguel Arcanjo (São Paulo - SP), and Açailândia (Maranhão - MA), respectively. At the BA site, 5 trees with average diameter, 3 with lower diameter, and 3 with higher diameter were collected, totaling 11 trees per clone. At the SP and MA sites, 5 trees of average diameter were collected per clone. At all sites, discs were sampled at positions of 0%, DBH, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of commercial height to obtain basic density by destructive method. For BD determination by ND methods, four devices (Pilodyn, Resistograph, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR), and Increment Borer) were applied to living trees at 1.3 m height from the ground (DBH). In modeling through Linear Mixed Models (LMM), the density obtained by the destructive method (observed density) was used as the dependent variable, while the independent variables were those provided by the equipment, along with dendrometric variables. The random effect of the clone was also included in the equations to improve estimates. Pilodyn, Resistograph, and NIR readings proved significant in estimating the basic wood density of eucalyptus clones for the BA site alone, with differences between observed and estimated basic density of 4 kg/m³ for Resistograph, 6 kg/m³ for Pilodyn, and 3 kg/m³ for NIR. When estimating BD by growth site with only average trees, the coefficients of equations generated by increment borer, both for site-specific LMM and global LMM, were not statistically significant. Pilodyn obtained significant equations only for the SP site, justified by the greater range of BD variation for this site due to higher Mean Annual Increment (MAI), while NIR estimated significantly for all sites. Pilodyn and NIR were also able to estimate BD when grouping all sites. The influence of genetic material and growth site on equipment variables and on the basic density of eucalyptus wood was evidenced through LMM in this study.