Mudanças espaçotemporais dos vetores de perda de habitat em populações do jacaré-de-papo-amarelo (Caiman latirostris) no Brasil
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Data
2025-04-29
Autores
Dias, Gabriel Gomes
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Human activities, such as deforestation, agricultural expansion, and urbanization, have caused significant changes in land use and land cover, directly impacting biodiversity and species survival. Tropical forests, essential for climate regulation and global biodiversity maintenance, face an increasing threat due to the intensification of these pressures. This study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of habitat loss for Caiman latirostris populations in Brazil, focusing on the drivers of these changes and their implications for species conservation. Using geoprocessing tools such as Google Earth Engine and MapBiomas, land use patterns between 1985 and 2023 were analyzed for two populations with distinct occurrences. One population, known as the Northeast of the Atlantic Forest (NORMA), spans from the state of Espírito Santo to Sergipe, and the other, known as Fluminense (FLUMI), extends from Rio de Janeiro to Santa Catarina. The results reveal different patterns of pressure on the analyzed populations. The NORMA population experienced a significant loss of 16.42% in "Natural Areas," with agricultural expansion standing out as the primary driver of habitat loss. Additionally, NORMA showed a notable reduction of 8.86% in "Wetlands." In contrast, the FLUMI population exhibited greater stability in its "Natural Areas," with a slight growth of 0.49% and a decrease of 2.33% in "Wetlands." However, both populations face concerning levels of habitat fragmentation, reducing the connectivity of remaining areas, hindering species movement, and compromising gene flow. The study calls for the implementation of new methodological approaches, such as the estimation of Area of Occupancy (AOO) and Extent of Occurrence (EOO), which may contribute to a more detailed assessment of the populations' distribution and vulnerability. The potential of the MapBiomas Água tool is also highlighted, as it enables more accurate analysis of "Wetlands" dynamics and water availability, which are crucial for the conservation of species like C. latirostris that depend on these habitats. The study emphasizes the urgency of public policies and ecological restoration initiatives that consider the specificities of each population
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Palavras-chave
Jacaré-do-papo-amarelo , Solo - Uso , Desmatamento , Ecologia das paisagens , Habitat (Ecologia) - Conservação , Perda de habitat , Broad-nosed caiman , Caiman latirostris , Conservação , Habitat loss , Deforestation , Conservation