Produção de biomassa com microalgas em lagoa de alta taxa aplicada ao pós-tratamento de um reator UASB tratando esgoto sanitário visando a produção de carvão ativado
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2019-07-12
Autores
Oss, Rodrigo Nunes
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Considering the water resources pollution, the water and energy scarcity, it is necessary to develop sustainable Technologies based on NEXUS concept. The aim of this research was to evaluate the ideal condition for the post-treatment of an UASB reactor, treating domestic wastewater, and production of microalgae biomass in High Rate Algal Ponds (HRAP) to generate activated carbon. This study was divided into three papers. In the first paper, the influence of the depth (30, 45 and 60 cm) and the hidraulic retention time (3 and 6 days) of the HRAP for the post-treatment of an UASB reactor, treating domestic wastewater, and production of microalgae biomass. The injection of biogas for supplementation of inorganic carbon in HRAP was also evaluated. The findings of this study showed that the efficieny of the post-treatment of an UASB efluente was satisfatory, achieving a reduction of 67% for COD, 49% for total phosphorous (P), 83% of total Kjeldhal nitrogen (TKN), 87% of ammoniacal nitrogen and 99.8% of E. coli. The microalgae biomass production was highest for the lower retention time. The supplementation of low concentration of CO2 increased the productivity (32%) with regards to volatile suspended solids. The second paper investigated the influence of temperature and the ratio between the mass of water and the mass of sample during the carbonization and activation of raw microalgae biomass as well as microalgae biomass with the addtion of tanfloc. Activated carbon was prepared at 650ºC and 800ºC, using diferente proportion of water. Although a higher amount of activated carbon was produced at 650ºC (41% more), the largest specific surface area (SSA) was 177±19 m²/g, whereas the activated carbono prepared at 800ºC presented an SSA of 630±18 m²/g. In the last paper, two of the activaded carbon, previously produced (BM and BMT), was tested to adsorb 2,4-D herbicide at six different concentration (5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 150 mg/L). The AC of BMT presented higher removal of 2,4-D, achieving 100% for the concentrations of 5, 10 and 25 mg/L. The Langmuir isotherm model was the one that best fitted to the experimental data, presenting R2 of 0,998. The pseudo second order kinetics presented good fit for both samples of activated carbon.
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Tratamento de esgoto , Microalgas , Carvão ativado , Ativação física , Herbicida 2,4-D , Treatment wastewater , Microalgae , Activated carbon , Physical activation , 2,4-D Herbicide