Mortalidade por causas externas em crianças e adolescentes de 5 a 14 anos no Espírito Santo
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Data
2021-07-26
Autores
Alves, Tatiana Feltmann
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Introduction: Since the 1980s, external causes have stood out as a cause of morbidity and mortality in Brazil, with high rates of homicides and traffic accidents, mainly involving the male population. Espírito Santo state stands out for having the highest rates of deaths of children and adolescents from traffic accidents and homicides in the Southeastern region. Objective: To analyze the external cause deaths in children and adolescents aged 5 to 14 years in Espírito Santo from the regional (Southeast region) and national (Brazil) contexts, from 2010 to 2019. Methods: Ecological, exploratory study, analyzing the time series of deaths from external causes in children and adolescents aged 5 to 14 years occurring in Espírito Santo, Southeast and Brazil, in the period from 2010 to 2019. Data were collected from the Mortality Information System (SIM), of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), and were described through absolute and relative frequencies, and mortality rates (per 100 thousand inhabitants). The trend of mortality rates was estimated in the form of annual percentage reduction, with 95% confidence intervals (CI), in multivariable negative binomial regression models fitted with the R statistical computing environment and the Stan probabilistic programming language. Results: The majority of deaths in Espírito Santo occurred in the age group of 10 to 14 years (70.8%), in the male gender (71.6%) and in the race/color brown (76.4%), being mostly from assault (33.8%). The mortality rate due to assault of boys between 10 and 14 years old in the state stands out (12.10 per 100,000 inhabitants), being more than double the rate observed in the Southeast and Brazil. In the time trend analysis for Espírito Santo, Southeast and Brazil, a decrease in the mortality rate from external causes was observed as a whole and for all groups of external causes studied. In general, these temporal trends in Espírito Santo were similar to those in the Southeast and Brazil, differing only in the estimated reduction of drowning in children 5 to 9 years of age. The estimate of 10.3% annual reduction in drowning mortality was almost double that found for the same population in the region and in the country. Conclusion: Although the trend in mortality from external causes is downward, the high mortality rates, especially from assaults in Espírito Santo, point to the need to prioritize the prevention of these events, with special attention to boys 10 years and older.
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Adolescente , causas externas , mortalidade , criança