Modelo de otimização para o planejamento da rede de serviços no transporte ferroviário de cargas
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Data
2009-09-04
Autores
Campos, Luciano Bandeira
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Rail transportation typically demands large investment in rolling-stock and infrastructure and is also known for its good fuel efficiency when compared to other modes of transportation. In spite of good fuel efficiency, fuel consumption is still responsible for a significant part of variable costs. This has motivated railroads to improve technology and operational practices which may reduce fuel consumption. An optimization model with focus in rolling stock and fuel consumption was developed in order to help tactical planning of railroad freight transportation with an integrated view of the network (line and yard operations). The model development was guided for application in the iron ore transportation performed by a well-known Brazilian railroad. Different predefined train consist options are operated simultaneously from eleven mines toward an export terminal. Three intermediate terminals may be used to combine train consists. The model helps decision making process related to which trains (services) should run, how frequently and what should be the sequence of activities to be performed from origin to destination of freight. This kind of problem is known as service network design. It is possible to choose between long or short trains (by changing service frequency), as well as direct train connections or more than one train between terminals. Line and yard congestions were modeled and led to an integer nonlinear formulation, solved by software which uses a branch-and-bound based method. The solutions found considered the tradeoff between yard and line costs. Finally, results are discussed and vary according to different approaches for the objective function.
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Rail transportation , Freight transportation , Transportation planning , Tactical planning , Integer nonlinear programming , Transporte ferroviário de carga , Transporte ferroviário - Planejamento , Programação não linear , Programação inteira
Citação
CAMPOS, Luciano Bandeira. Modelo de otimização para o planejamento da rede de serviços no transporte ferroviário de cargas. 2009. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Civil) - Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro Tecnológico, Vitória, 2009.