Avaliação do uso do almanaque da gestante nos cuidados pré-natais
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Data
2025-12-10
Autores
Amorim, Lidiane Dias Freire
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Editor
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Pregnancy, a period of intense change, requires continuous monitoring and qualified guidance. Prenatal care, a right guaranteed to all pregnant women, aims to monitor maternal and fetal health, prevent complications, and provide essential care during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. However, challenges related to maternal and neonatal mortality persist, as well as difficulties in understanding the guidance received during consultations. In this context, the use of educational technologies is an effective strategy for improving health literacy, facilitating access to information, and promoting greater autonomy. The Pregnancy Almanac stands out as a promising technology for offering accessible and interactive content, promoting learning and self-care. Objectives: Assess the effects of using the Pregnancy Almanac on health literacy among pregnant women during prenatal care. Develop a tool to assess health literacy among pregnant women regarding prenatal care based on the content of the Pregnancy Almanac. Materials and Methods: Quasi-experimental study with a single group and pre- and post-test application, conducted at a maternal and child health clinic at a public hospital in Vitéria, Espirito Santo. Ninety-eight pregnant women aged 18 years or older and up to 30 weeks of gestation participated in the study, selected for convenience. Data collection took place in two stages, before and after the pregnant women had contact with the Pregnancy Almanac, with an interval of 30 to 60 days. The knowledge assessment tool contained 40 true or false statements based on the content of the almanac. The data were entered into a Microsoft Excel® spreadsheet and analyzed using statistical tests, using Jamovi® and Jasp® software. Results: The results indicated a significant increase in the number of correct answers in the post-test compared to the pre-test, demonstrating the effectiveness of using the Pregnancy Almanac in promoting health knowledge among pregnant women during prenatal care. The average number of correct answers increased from 34.6 (SD=3.25) in the pre-test to 37.5 (SD=2.41) in the post-test, a statistically significant difference (p<0.001), with a large effect (Rank-Biserial Correlation=0.983). Most pregnant women (85.7%) showed improvement in performance, while 11.2% had the same results and only 3.1% showed a decline. Learning gains were collected on broader topics related to toxoplasmosis, syphilis, vaccination, and mucus discharge, while topics on signs of labor, the appropriate time to go to the maternity ward, labor management, and heartburn were identified as points of greater difficulty. The evaluation of the material declared it highly accessible, with 95.9% of pregnant women reporting being satisfied or very satisfied with the Pregnancy Almanac. Product: An instrument was developed to assess pregnant women's health literacy regarding prenatal care before and after contact with the Pregnant Woman's Almanac. Conclusion: The Pregnant Women's Almanac proved to be effective as an educational technology for promoting health literacy in prenatal care, expanding the knowledge of pregnant women. The results confirm its potential as a complementary resource to consultations and reinforce the strategic role of nursing in mediating the educational process. This research has the potential to be applied at the regional and national levels, as it systematically describes the actions and instruments for applying the Almanac in nursing consultations. The study contributes to scientific advancement and healthcare practice by strengthening women's autonomy and improving prenatal care
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Palavras-chave
Gestantes , Cuidados pré-natais , Tecnologia educacional , Letramento em saúde , Enfermagem materno-infantil , Estudo de avaliação , Pregnant women , Prenatal care , Educational technology , Health literacy , Maternal-child nursing , Evaluation study