Análise do perfil de expressão gênica diferencial de cepas de Saccharomyces cerevisiae laboratoriais e selvagens em diferentes estresses por ferramentas de bioinformática
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2015-03-03
Autores
Xavier, Lorena Martins
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an unicellular fungus used in many fermentation process since ancient times. This yeast is widely used in the ethanol production, thereby various strains are studied in order to develop a able to withstand the fermentation stress, which in turn will provide increased its production capacity. The high temperatures and increased ethanol concentration are common, but can be stress the yeast, thereby decreasing productivity. High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) appears as a good model for studying the fermentation stresses and can be used to increase the tolerance of the strains due to cross-protect mechanism, which is associated with an overall response to stress. The increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and low temperatures have pathways that fall into this general response too. The bioinformatics tools have proved of great assistance in the integration of regulatory pathways in order to improve understanding of responses in different experiments using cell metabolism studies. These can help the process of election able to make more durable and productive yeast. In this paper, we use data available in literature from microarray experiments of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains under different stresses. We split the data into seven classes and gene expression patterns were analysed in Y440, BT0510 and BT0605 in different treatments of HHP stress, as well as, ethyl, thermal and oxidative stresses in DBY9434. We observed that the strains subjected to high hydrostatic pressure had a very similar gene expression profile, with the exception of the plasma membrane transport, signaling and cell polarization class. This category was studied in greater depth to understand the piezotolerance presented by the Y440 strain in HHP stress, thus we observed induction of glycerol-3-phosphate shutter, that generated oxidative stress in the cell. We also note the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) induction, that which may have occurred as a response to such oxidative stress. Another feature observed was the sulfur amino acid synthesis induction too, a specific response of HHP stress. The responses to stresses to which the DBY9343 strain underwent were similar to each other, and we infer that the fact that the stresses selected for the analyzes have common stress response pathways between them. The Y440 strains, BT0510 and BT0605, subject to the same stress conditions, showed very similar responses also showing a certain standard of general common response to this stress. Bioinformatics tools were useful for the study of the modification of gene expression patterns in this stress group demonstrated that despite changes that occur in specific genes exists a cellular response model by modifying key routes for the maintenance of cell survival.
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XAVIER, Lorena Martins. Análise do perfil de expressão gênica diferencial de cepas de Saccharomyces cerevisiae laboratoriais e selvagens em diferentes estresses por ferramentas de bioinformática. 2015. 77 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biotecnologia) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, 2015.