Perfil clínico e farmacoterapêutico de pacientes diagnosticados com Covid-19 e atendidos em um hospital universitário
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Data
2024-12-17
Autores
Santos, Geiza Almeida Louredo dos
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic contributed to the investigation of various therapeutic agents, aiming to assess their clinical efficacy in managing the disease. Research focused on identifying already known drugs that could offer benefits in the treatment of COVID-19, exploring both their clinical utility and the possibility of application in emergency and hospital settings. This also led to the conduction of clinical and epidemiological studies aimed at improving patient care. Objective. To analyze the clinical and pharmacotherapeutic profile of patients hospitalized with covid 19 at a University Hospital. Method. This is a cross-sectional, retrospective study, through the collection of electronic medical records of patients over 18 years old, hospitalized between January 1, 2020, and August 31, 2021, at a University Hospital (HUCAM) of Espírito Santo. The study involved characterizing the sociodemographic, clinical, and pharmacotherapeutic profiles of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Clinical parameters were assessed upon admission and at the discharge, and the association between sociodemographic and clinical factors and the use of repositioned drugs in the treatment of COVID-19 was analyzed. Results. The number of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 was higher in males (51.5%), with a mean age of 56.2 years. It was observed that hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity (55.6%). The median length of hospital stay of patients was eight days, ranging from four to 16 days. Dyspnea was the most frequent clinical manifestation. During hospitalization, 37.9% of patients required noninvasive oxygen therapy. Approximately one third of patients (33.8%) progressed to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Most patients (97%) used polypharmacy. A total of 96 different medications were prescribed upon hospital admission. Drugs were redirected for COVID-19, with enoxaparin being the most used medication (81.8%). The analysis reveals a significant correlation between the presence of comorbidities and the use of redirected medications. Less than 10% of patients with covid-19 died and the patients who died had a mean age of 65.2 (SD 14.1).Conclusion. This study highlights the importance of an individualized approach to the treatment of COVID-19. This approach should consider not only the viral infection but also the pre-existing conditions of patients. The data obtained indicate that the choice of repurposed drugs for COVID-19 is in accordance with emerging guidelines established for the clinical management of the disease.
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Farmacoepidemiologia , Assistência ao paciente , Farmacoterapia