Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas
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- ItemPerfil clínico e farmacoterapêutico de pacientes diagnosticados com Covid-19 e atendidos em um hospital universitário(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-12-17) Santos, Geiza Almeida Louredo dos; Queiroz, Lorena Carnielli; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3834-8358; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6785064719400403; Ayres, Lorena Rocha; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4346-5281; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9912356382327501; Rocha, Kérilin Stancine Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2313-2140; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4216594263272412; Pereira, Mariana Linhares; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3214-2789; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5451495634201582Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic contributed to the investigation of various therapeutic agents, aiming to assess their clinical efficacy in managing the disease. Research focused on identifying already known drugs that could offer benefits in the treatment of COVID-19, exploring both their clinical utility and the possibility of application in emergency and hospital settings. This also led to the conduction of clinical and epidemiological studies aimed at improving patient care. Objective. To analyze the clinical and pharmacotherapeutic profile of patients hospitalized with covid 19 at a University Hospital. Method. This is a cross-sectional, retrospective study, through the collection of electronic medical records of patients over 18 years old, hospitalized between January 1, 2020, and August 31, 2021, at a University Hospital (HUCAM) of Espírito Santo. The study involved characterizing the sociodemographic, clinical, and pharmacotherapeutic profiles of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Clinical parameters were assessed upon admission and at the discharge, and the association between sociodemographic and clinical factors and the use of repositioned drugs in the treatment of COVID-19 was analyzed. Results. The number of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 was higher in males (51.5%), with a mean age of 56.2 years. It was observed that hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity (55.6%). The median length of hospital stay of patients was eight days, ranging from four to 16 days. Dyspnea was the most frequent clinical manifestation. During hospitalization, 37.9% of patients required noninvasive oxygen therapy. Approximately one third of patients (33.8%) progressed to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Most patients (97%) used polypharmacy. A total of 96 different medications were prescribed upon hospital admission. Drugs were redirected for COVID-19, with enoxaparin being the most used medication (81.8%). The analysis reveals a significant correlation between the presence of comorbidities and the use of redirected medications. Less than 10% of patients with covid-19 died and the patients who died had a mean age of 65.2 (SD 14.1).Conclusion. This study highlights the importance of an individualized approach to the treatment of COVID-19. This approach should consider not only the viral infection but also the pre-existing conditions of patients. The data obtained indicate that the choice of repurposed drugs for COVID-19 is in accordance with emerging guidelines established for the clinical management of the disease.
- ItemTranstornos mentais comuns e uso de medicamentos psicotrópicos entre professores da rede estadual de ensino do Espírito Santo(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-04-01) Mazzini, Yohan Cancilheri; Araújo, Dyego Carlos Souza Anacleto de; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6631-465X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5120426619544250; Ângelo, Vitor Amorim de; Aguiar, Patrícia MeloIntroduction: Common mental disorders and the use of psychotropic medications among teachers have become an issue of growing global concern. However, in Brazil, there is a lack of probabilistic studies with representative samples investigating the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as the use of psychotropic drugs in this specific population, limiting the understanding of the true magnitude of the problem. Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of common mental disorder symptoms and psychotropic medication use among public school teachers in Espírito Santo. Method: A cross-sectional, quantitative study was conducted with teachers from schools linked to the Carnapian Regional Education Superintendency (SER-Carapina). Teachers who were assigned to non-teaching roles were excluded. Cluster sampling was carried out, considering each school as a primary sampling unit. Data collection was conducted in person between January and February 2024, during the Pedagogical Planning Sessions in the randomly selected schools. Semi-structured questionnaires were applied, including questions on sociodemographic data, previous diagnosis of mental disorders, screening scales for anxiety, depression, insomnia, and burnout symptoms, as well as the profile of psychotropic medication use. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, Poisson regression with robust variance, and binary logistic regression. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CAAE: 70203023.4.0000.5060). Results: A total of 453 teachers participated in the study. A previous diagnosis of anxiety and depression disorders was reported by 29.6% (n=134) and 14.8% (n=67) of teachers, respectively. Moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety and depression were observed in 32.7% (n=148) and 34.4% (n=156) of teachers. Additionally, 11.3% (n=51) presented suicidal or self-harm ideation with some frequency. Poisson regression indicated that being a woman, having another job besides teaching, and having clinical insomnia and burnout increased the prevalence ratio of anxiety symptoms, while being a woman, having clinical insomnia, and burnout increased the prevalence ratio of depression symptoms. The use of psychotropic medications was reported by 20.0% (n=90) of teachers, with the specific use of antidepressants observed in 16.9% (n=76). Most teachers began using these medications after 2020, with prescriptions primarily issued by psychiatrists. Poisson regression showed that being a woman, having clinical insomnia, and experiencing severe anxiety symptoms increased the prevalence ratio of psychotropic and antidepressant use. The use of benzodiazepines was reported by 6.8% (n=31) of teachers. Among users, 42.5% (n=14) had been using these medications for 2 to 5 years, and 39.4% (n=13) reported benzodiazepine use without an associated antidepressant. Binary logistic regression showed that severe anxiety symptoms and clinical insomnia increased the likelihood of benzodiazepine use, while having a partner reduced these chances. Conclusion: Teachers in Espírito Santo exhibited higher prevalence rates of common mental disorders compared to national and global population averages. The use of psychotropic medications, particularly antidepressants and benzodiazepines, was also higher than in other populations, highlighting the need for public policies aimed at workers’ health. These data highlight the need to implement multidimensional strategies that integrate individual actions, institutional support that includes modifying stressors, and robust public policies aimed at preventing mental illness and promoting the health of teachers.
- ItemLipidômica não direcionada em doença de Fabry em amostras de urina por espectrometria de massas de baixa resolução por infusão direta (ESI(±)-LTQ MS)(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-03-12) Foletto, Rafael Arruda; Romão, Wanderson; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2254-6683; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9121022613112821; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7779-2834; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1022657745973510; Vassallo, Paula Frizera; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9405-4792; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9462287496348444; Filgueiras, Paulo Roberto; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2617-1601; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1907915547207861Diseases related to enzyme activity deficiency, such as lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), result in serious health issues, due to the accumulation of unmetabolized molecules in tissues. Among LSDs, Fabry disease (FD) is one of the most common, affecting approximately 1 in 40,000 individuals. This disease is caused by genetic mutations related to the coding of the enzyme α-galactosidase A, which is responsible for the metabolism of glycosphingolipids such as globotriaosylceramide and globotriaosylsphingosine. The accumulation of these lipids and their metabolites can occur in numerous cell types and impair the functioning of multiple organs and systems, such as the heart, the brain, and the kidneys. However, with early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic intervention, the clinical outcome can be significantly improved. FD diagnostic methods based on enzymatic analysis and genetic testing are greatly time and resource consuming, making lower cost tests that yield results in shorter time all the more valuable in the delicate fight against the disease. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the performance of diagnostic methods for FD using the broad field of lipidomics combined with multivariate analyses, proposing the use of urine as a specimen. In this study, urine samples were collected from patients with both confirmed (Case) and negative (Control) diagnosis of FD, which were later processed for specific lipid extraction. After extraction, 81 samples (44 cases and 37 controls) were subjected to mass spectrometry analysis, with direct infusion and electrospray ionization in both positive and negative modes (ESI(±)). After spectra acquisition, the data were processed and analyzed using multivariate analysis methods, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA). The positive mode PLS-DA was able to differentiate between the Case and Control groups, with an accuracy of 88%. Therefore, this study suggests that the proposed method of application of lipidomics combined with multivariate analyses as a tool for early diagnosis of FD is promising, enabling and contributing to the improvement of the healthcare for these patients
- ItemImpacto do serviço de dispensação de medicamentos sobre desfechos de saúde de pessoas vivendo com HIV(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-02-19) Galina, Vitor Santos de Sá; Rocha, Kérilin Stancine Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2313-2140; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4216594263272412; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7031-8333; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6234477023577791; Silva, Rafaella de Oliveira Santos; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4008596465243842; Santana, Rafael Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-210X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6970798378260844Introduction: Inadequate patient knowledge about their medications and non adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) can negatively impact the health outcomes of people living with HIV (PLHIV). Although the literature highlights the positive impact of clinical services provided by pharmacists in improving knowledge and adherence to ART, little is known about the influence of the dispensing service on these outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the impact of the antiretroviral dispensing service on the knowledge and adherence of PLHIV to ART. Method: A before-and-after study was conducted from August 2023 to June 2024 at the Medication Dispensing Unit at a teaching hospital with PLHIV who met the eligibility criteria. The intervention consisted of providing drug dispensing according to protocol. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected, and knowledge and medication adherence were assessed using validated instruments at two points: t0 (before the intervention) and t1 (four to eight weeks after the intervention). Data was processed using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (CAAE: 77675624.3.0000.5060). Results: A total of 148 PLHIV participated in the study, the majority of whom were male (n=96; 64,86%), with a mean age of 49±12.08 years. After the intervention, a significant improvement in knowledge scores was observed (before 1.17 ± 0.31, and after 1.79 ± 0.16, p<0.001 d=-2.13), as much as in adherence to ART (before 78.51 ± 4.50, and after 83.84 ± 3.91, p<0.001, d=-1.32). After dispensing, the rate of patients with absent or insufficient knowledge decreased by almost 60%, and the rate of patients with insufficient adherence decreased by almost 16%. Conclusion: This study showed that drug dispensing significantly improved the knowledge and adherence of PLHIV to ART. These results may be useful in guiding policies and guidelines for research and practice related to ART dispensing
- ItemInvestigação etnofarmacológica e avaliação do perfil químico e das atividades antioxidante e trombolítica de espécies vegetais comercializadas na Grande Vitória - ES(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-04-01) Dias, Rennan Batista; Jamal, Claudia Masrouah; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7453-2726; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5791685275101036; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1862-5340; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5703011412383372; Silveira, Damaris; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1851-5224; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2741617746925944; Kitagawa, Rodrigo Rezende; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2208-6699; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4424075292014459The use of medicinal plants is a long-standing practice across diverse cultures. Ethnopharmacology plays a pivotal role in scientific validating traditional knowledge, ensuring both efficacy and safety of these practices. Given the significance of medicinal plants, monitoring their commercialization is essential. Therefore, this study aimed to catalog the most commercially available medicinal plants in the Grande Vitória region (Espírito Santo, Brazil), select five species for a detailed literature review on their pharmacological activities and associated risks, chemically characterize their ethanolic extracts, and assess their antioxidant and thrombolytic activities. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to vendors of medicinal plants. The literature review focused on clinical evidence and potential risks associated with use these plants. The chemical profile of the extracts was determined by ESI(±)FT ICR MS. Antioxidant activity was assessed by measuring the scavenging capacity against the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•), while thrombolytic activity was tested in vitro based on clot-lysing capability. The study identified 34 commercialized plants, highlighting chamomile, horsetail, hibiscus, espinheira-santa, and green tea as the most prominent, and infusion (tea) being the predominant preparation method. Of the five selected plants, Matricaria chamomilla and Lippia alba showed a high level of clinical evidence supporting their traditional use as sedatives, with low associated risk. Pimpinella anisum exhibited clinical suport for dyspepsia, though evidence for its sedative properties was less substantial. Conversely, Erythrina mulungu and Monteverdia ilicifolia lacked studies to confirm their traditional efficacy. MS analysis identified primarily phenolic acids and flavonoids in the samples, including gallic acid, caffeic acid, apigenin, luteolin, and catechin. All plants showed antioxidant capacity, with lemon balm and espinheira-santa presenting the strongest effects (IC50 of 82.10 ± 5.05 and 82.49 ± 5.44 µg/mL, respectively). Of the tested extracts, only the lemon balm extract exhibited moderate clot-lysing capacity. This work enhances the understanding of the medicinal properties, chemical, and biological properties of plants commercialized in the Grande Vitória region and and underscores the importance of monitoring these species to ensure their safe and effective use