Ciências Veterinárias
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- ItemAchados eletrocardiográficos e histopatológicos do miocárdio de ratos (rattus novergicus) wistar tratados com pimobendan(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-07-14) Egert, Leandro; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Nunes, L. C.
- ItemAvaliação cardíaca e metabólica de gatos obesos(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-04-04) Borlini, Daniel Cometti; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Costa, Fabiano Séllos; Champion, Tatiana
- ItemAvaliação cardiovascular de cães em treinamento de busca, resgate e salvamento.(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-02-22) Santos, Paula Otoni Pereira Ronzani; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Ferreira, Felipp da Silveira; Trivilin, Leonardo OliveiraRescue-trained dogs are used as aidin search operationsof living personsand/or corpses. Dogs perform intense physical activity during training sessions andoperations, that promotes a series of adaptive changes in the body. The term “athlete's heart” is used to describe cardiac morphological and functional changes that occur in athletes as a result of physical exercise, and physiological effects caused by exercise can resemble disease states. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiovascular responses caused by rescue training in dogs. Seven healthy dogs not practicing physical activity (sedentary group) were evaluated and compared to nine healthy dogspracticing search and rescue training (training group) at rest. Evaluations were also performed with the dogs of the training group before and after the search and rescue training. The animals were submitted to echocardiographic, electrocardiographic andsystemic systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurements.The data were statistically compared between the groups; as well as the comparison of the parameters evaluated in the different moments of the training group. The results demonstrate that the physical effort required by the training caused cardiac alterations in dogs, observed by the echocardiographic exam and not present in the electrocardiographic and SBP exams. As well as acute responses of the body through exercise that did not impair ventricular function nor cardiac arrhythmias after performing 20 minutes of physical exercise. Indicating a good physical conditioning of the dogs, making them apt to be used in real occurrences.These changes, similar to those described in human athletes, suggest that this type of training may cause "athlete's heart syndrome" in dogs.
- ItemAvaliação cardiovascular e índice glicêmico em estro, gestação e puerpério em cadelas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-02-27) Aguiar, Mayara Cristini Ferreira de; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Champion, Tatiana; Favarato, Evandro Silva
- ItemAvaliação do perfil renal em ratos (Rattus norvegicus) tratados com glicocorticoides(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-07-31) Venial, Henrique Jordem,; Porfirio, Lenir Cardoso; Ignacchiti, Mariana Drummond Costa; Aptekmann, Karina PreisingThe glucocorticoids are a group of drugs used for the treatment of various diseases and clinical signs for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive action. Prolonged use may induce electrolyte imbalances due to fluid retention and laboratory abnormalities in the kidney. The objective of this study was to evaluate the enzymatic activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), creatinine, protein and protein/creatinine ratio in urine, urea and creatinine in the serum to compare treatments with glucocorticoids in rats. For this, were collected blood samples and urine samples from 21 animals, Rattus norvegicus, Wistar lineage, without clinical or laboratory changes. The animals were divided into three groups of seven rats, group 1 (G1), group 2 (G2) and group 3 (G3). All animals in the G1 received 50,0 mg/kg of hydrocortisone succinate. The animals of group 2 received 2,0 mg/kg methylprednisolone and G3 animals received 1,0 mg/kg of dexamethasone, every 24 hours, intramuscularly, for 7 days. The experiment was divided into two moments, with the initial moment (M1) before using of drugs and moment 2 (M2) after the end of seven days. For the clinical and laboratory evaluation, samples of blood and urine of the animals were collected in two moments M1 and M2 to perform hematological, biochemical and urinalysis. The treatment with glucocorticoids caused an increase in serum creatinine in the treated groups. However, one can not say that there was renal injury in rats treated since the markers Pu/Cu, enzymatic activity of urinary gGT, urinalysis and serum urea remained unchanged. There is no difference between the groups of rats treated with glucocorticoids of short, medium and long term in immunosuppressive doses, intramuscularly, for a period of 7 days.
- ItemAvaliação ecodopplercadiográfica em cães submetidos à tranquilização com acepromazina e fentanil(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-02-22) Santos, Edina Alves dos; Martins, Carla Braga; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Trivilin, Leonardo Oliveira; Ferreira, Felipp da SilveiraThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the tranquilization with acepromazine and fentanyl intramuscularly, alone or in combination, and oral acepromazine on the echocardiographic parameters, besides its action as a facilitator of the echocardiographic examination (ECHO). Ten adult Rottweiler dogs were randomly grouped and distributed in a Latin square design. Each pair was submitted to different tranquilizing protocols, 20 minutes before the echocardiographic evaluation, totaling five treatments for each pair, performed at seven-day intervals between the evaluations. The treatments were: TC (control treatment), TA (intramuscular acepromazine), TAO (oral acepromazine), TF (fentanyl) and TAF (acepromazine associated with fentanyl). In addition to the echocardiographic parameters, the degree of reassurance, duration of the exam, heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RF) in the different protocols were evaluated. There was a significant reduction in left ventricular diameter in systole and diastole (DIVEs and DIVEd), systolic excursion of the annular tricuspid plane (ESPAT), mitral annular movement (MAM) and mitral E / mitral A ratio (E / A ratio) . There was a decrease in PASS in all protocols, however, it was only significant in TAO. TAO and TA were the protocols that made the echocardiographic examination easier to perform because of a greater degree of reassurance, a decrease in HR and RF, and consequently a reduction in the time of examination. It is concluded that acepromazine used alone orally or intramuscularly, is a good protocol to promote tranquilization during the ECHO in healthy dogs, however, it has a tendency to decrease the PASS and may alter the echocardiographic parameters dependent on the pre-charge. Fentanyl used alone or in combination does not facilitate echocardiographic examination in dogs.
- ItemDistribuição de probabilidades do eletrocardiograma na detecção de sobrecarga atrioventricular e marcadores eletrocardiográficos de distúrbios de despolarização e repolarização em cães com doença valvar crônica de mitral(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-02-27) Oliveira, Franciely Mota de; Trivilin, Leonardo Oliveira; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Schwartz, Denise Saretta; Sousa, Marlos GonçalvesThe electrocardiogram (ECG) is a rapid and available exam that can be used as a screening tool for detection of cardiac chamber enlargements, besides being a prognostic marker of several cardiac conditions. Through the analysis of several parameters, the ECG is able to identify changes that can be predictive of atrial and ventricular enlargement, besides detecting disturbances in the repolarization and depolarization process, playing an important role in the diagnosis of arrhythmias. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic capacity of the ECG in detecting left atrial and ventricular enlargement diagnosed on the echocardiogram. The ECG (ten leads) and echocardiogram examinations were carried out in 81 adult dogs, without distinction of race, sex or weight. The parameters indicative of atrial enlargement were P wave duration, PR interval, P area and Macruz index, in lead II; and P axis in leads I and III. As parameters of left ventricular enlargement, it was determined the Q, R and S wave amplitude and ST segment in lead II; Cornell's criterion in aVL and CV6LL; QRS axis in leads I and III; T wave amplitude and polarity in CV5RL; amplitude of the R and S wave in CV6LL and CV6LU. In echocardiogram were determined the left atrial/aortic ratio (LA/Ao), left interventricular septum (IVS), left ventricular internal diameter (LVID), left ventricular free wall thickness (LVFW), both in diastole. The results demonstrated that extrapolated human medicine parameters such as the P wave area and the Macruz index may be useful in the diagnosis of left atrial enlargement, however, it is necessary to establish normal values for the species in order to determine the probability distributions. Nevertheless, no evaluated electrocardiographic parameter shows good specificity and sensitivity in the detection of left atrial and ventricular enlargement. The present study also aimed to evaluate the electrocardiographic markers of depolarization and repolarization disorders in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD). Electrocardiographic evaluation was performed in 72 adult dogs, without distinction of breed, weight and sex, and they were divided into two groups. Group 1 was composed of 36 dogs diagnosed with DMVD and Group 2 of was composed of 36 control dogs without presenting the disease. Bipolar, unipolar and precordial leads were performed on the electrocardiogram (ECG). Atrial depolarization (P dispersion - Pd) and ventricular (QRS duration, QRS dispersion - QRSd) markers were measured, as well as markers of ventricular repolarization (QT interval, QT corrected - QTc and QT dispersion - QTd, Tpeak-Tend, Tpeak-Tend/QTc, Tpeak-Tend/JTpeak, JTpeak/JT). The mean values of Pd, QTd and QRSd were significantly higher in dogs with DMVD. These parameters also showed a significant positive correlation with the LA/Ao ratio. Dogs with DMVD have myocardial depolarization and repolarization disorders that may increase the likelihood of developing arrhythmias in these animals.
- ItemEpidemiologia e controle dos principais endoparasitos de cães e gatos domiciliados no município de Alegre-ES(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-02-18) Campos, Diefrey Ribeiro; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Martins, Isabella Vilhena Freire; Azevedo, Thais Ribeiro Correia; Souza, Clarissa Pimentel deThe major intestinal endoparasitoses found in pets are mostly zoonosesof importance to public health. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for the development of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs and cats in the cityof Alegre-ESand determine the effecacyof the treatment of dogs and cats, with different associations of anthelminticon adults of Ancylostomaspp., and Toxocara cati. For the epidemiological study of the experiment 345 dogs and 160 cats domiciled, irrespective of race, sex or age were used. Faecal samples from animals and owners subjected to an interview about handling the animals were collected to determine the risk factors. For the identification of parasites techniques Willis-Molley, simple flotation and sedimentation in formalin-ether were performed. For efficacytesting positive animals were selected for Ancylostomaspp. with 36 dogs divided into three groups containing 12 animals positive for Ancylostomaspp. The cats were divided into 2 groups of 12 animals positive for Ancylostomaspp. and 10 positive for T. cati. totaling 22 cats stool samples from all animals were collected and made the modified McMaster technique for determining the number of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) before treatment and seven days after treatment to determine the percentage of reduction ofOPGand determine the effecacyof the anthelmintic. Data were tabulated and analyzed by chi-square test (p < 0.05) and the calculation of odds ratio with a confidence interval of 95%, to determine the association between the variables of the questionnairewith the results of stool examinations. All statistical analyzes were performed BioEstat software version 5.3. The prevalence of Ancylostomaspp. was 59% to 54% for dogs and cats. The supply of filteredwater, not supply of raw foods, standardization of defecation site, collecting the feces reduce the chances of developing intestinal parasites. The frequency of worming also shown to be a protective factor being that animals in which the anthelmintic is supplied more than once per year have less predisposition to development of intestinal parasitism. Among the active principles used by the owners association of pyrantel pamoate, praziquantel pamoate and febantel was most frequently used by dog owners, while the combination of pyrantel pamoate and praziquantel was the most used by the owners of cats. The effectiveness obtained was 100% for T. catiand 99.6 % for Ancylostomaspp. in cats, dogs while the efficacy was 100 % for the praziquantel and pyrantel pamoate, 99.3% for the association of pyrantel pamoate, praziquantel and febantel and 98.2 % for the control milbemycin oxime Ancylostomaspp
- ItemExiste concordância entre o nested PCR e o 4Dx® Plus no diagnóstico de Erliquiose canina?(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-02-27) Oliveira, Brenda Fayla Seco de; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Zanini, Marcos Santos; Donatele, Dirlei MolinariCanine monocytic ehrlichiosis is a hemoparasitosis caused by the intracellular bacterium Ehrlichia canis, which has a worldwide distribution, although it occurs more frequently in regions with tropical and temperate climates due to the high prevalence of its biological vector, the Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Due to the high prevalence of ehrlichiosis in dogs, the severity of this disease and the need for a more precise diagnosis, the aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of the serological test (4Dx® Plus) in relation to the nested PCR and to correlate the hematological findings with the nested PCR in the diagnosis of ehrlichiosis. Eighty-three suspected dogs were selected, without history of previous hemoparasitosis. Hemogram, blood smear (detection of Ehrlichia morulae), ELISA test (4Dx® Plus) and nested PCR were performed. Among 83 samples, nested PCR was positive for Ehrlichia canis in 26 dogs (31.33%). Evaluation by the 4Dx® Plus test showed that 39 dogs were positive (46.99%) for Ehrlichia sp. It was observed that only 15 dogs (18.07%) presented positive results, both in nested PCR and 4Dx® Plus test, presenting a poor agreement. It was observed that 4Dx® Plus test presented a sensitivity of 57.69%, specificity of 57.89%, with an accuracy of 57.83%. There was no correlation between the hematological parameters with the presence of Ehrlichia canis diagnosed in the nested PCR. It is concluded that there is a great disagreement between the results obtained in the nested PCR and the 4Dx® Plus and, considering the nested PCR as the gold standard for the diagnosis of ehrlichiosis, a low accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 4Dx® Plus.
- ItemInfluência da alimentação no bem-estar de papagaios (Amazona aestiva Linnaeus, 1758) (Aves, Psittacidae) em gaiolas.(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-02-22) Afonso, Bianca Cardozo; Santos, André Luiz Quagliatto; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Ferreira, Carolina Demetrio; Queiroz, Fábio Ferreira deBehavioral problems are very common in parrots kept as pets due to stress caused by malnutrition and the deprivation of natural behaviors such as foraging. The aim of this study was to verify if varied and balanced diet, with or without foraging enrichment, provides an improvement in the welfare of Turquoise - fronted parrot ( Amazona aestiva ) in cages, which have abnormal behaviors resulting from chronic stress. Sixteen adult parrots presented with at least one abnormal behavior were used. The parrots were kept in individual cages and were subjected to three experimental diets , with five weeks each: A, poor diet, and offering unbalanced sunflower seed basis; B, varied an d balanced diet based on extruded feed, fruits and vegetables; and C, balanced and varied diet associated with foraging enrichment. Behavioral observations during four hours were held twice a week, recording the time spent with each activity. Data were ana lyzed for normality test by D'Agostino. The percentage of time spent on each category of behavior was compared by variance analysis and post hoc Tukey ( a = 0.01) for parametric data, and the Kruskal - Wallis test and post hoc Dunn ( a = 0.05) for non - parametr ic data. A significant reduction of abno rmal behavior was observed from Diet A to Diet B and C, from 34.08% to 18.53% and 9.87%, respectively; and significant increase in foraging behaviors (A - 26.41%, B - 37.44%, C - 42.9%) and locomotory behaviors (A - 1.61 %, B - 3.00%; C - 4.36%) in Diet B and C compared to Diet A. The time spent on the maintenance behavior, vocalization and "others" showed no significant difference among the three diets . It was concluded that a balanced and varied diet, regardless of the use of foraging enrichment, is effective to reduce abnormal behaviors in parrots kept in cages. This diet, when associated with foraging enrichment, promotes improved even more significant.
- ItemPadronização da ecocardiografia em rottweilers saudáveis e efeito da acepromazina, meperidina e sua associação(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-12-18) Reis, Afonso Cassa; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Antunes, Fernanda; Souza, Marios GonçalvesThe echocardiogram (ECO) is an exam widely used in veterinary medicine for the diagnosis of heart disease, but even being a noninvasive exam, dogs can not collaborate with the appropriate positioning for the examination. To reduce the animal's agitation and improve the quality of the images, sedation could be used. Also, a wide range of weight and body conformation found in different breeds of dogs can be a limiting factor in the interpretation of echocardiographic examination. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sedation with meperidine, acepromazine and its association on the echocardiographic parameters in dogs (chapter 1) and to estabilish the normal echocardiographic parameters in Rottweilers (chapter 2). In chapter 1, 12 healthy adults Rottweilers were used. Each dog was subjected to the echocardiography examination without the use of sedation (control treatment- CT) and subjected to three treatment protocols using meperidine (2 mg / kg) (MT), acepromazine (0.05 mg / kg) (AT), and the combination of drugs (MAT), at the same dosage. The variables were analyzed by Tukey test to determine differences between treatments, with 5% significance level. It was observed that the average obtained in A-wave of mitral inflow in AT and MAT decreased significantly comparing with MT, which did not differ from CT. There was a significant decrease in the measure of mitral annulus motion MAM and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) at TA. There was no significant difference to the FE values between TA and other treatments. However, it was observed that 57.3% of the dogs showed FE values below the normal range for the species. The changes found may be due to the hypotensive effects of acepromazine used in isolation. It was concluded that meperidine or its association with acepromazine not alter echocardiographic parameters in healthy dogs and that acepromazine, used alone, causes changes in systolic function and is not recommended for sedation of dogs submitted to echocardiography exam. It was selected 23 clinically healthy adult dogs, 15 females and 8 males, with average weight of 43.3 ± 4.5 kg and mean age of 42.5 ± 14.8 months. Mean and standard deviation was determined of all echocardiographic parameters and Pearson correlation was performed between weight, age,sex and other variables analyzed, with 5% significance level. Echocardiographic parameters were compared by descriptive analysis with the normal values for the canine general population. There was a significant positive correlation between age and heart rate and LVDd; and significant negative correlation between age and the E and A waves of the mitral inflow. The greater the body weight, the higher the maximum speed of the Doppler aortic flow assessment. There was no significant correlation between sex and any parameters evaluated. The individual assessments and the means of echocardiographic parameters, it was observed that the values When, AE, IVSD and MAM presented themselves smaller than the determined general pattern in dogs; and DLVs and PLVEd values had become larger and may be an inherent characteristic of the breed.
- ItemPrevalência de Ehrlichia canis pela técnica de nested-PCR e correlação com a presença de mórula e trombocitopenia em cães de Alegre-ES(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-06-26) Sales, Mara Rúbia Rocha Pereira; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Pereira Júnior, Olavo dos Santos; Ignacchiti, Mariana Drummond Costa; Babá, Elio HideoThe aim of this study was determined by nested-PCR the presence of Ehrlichia canis in dogs located in the municipality of Alegre-ES and evaluate its correlation with morulae and thrombocytopenia. For this purpose blood samples were collected from 85 dogs, regardless of race, age, sex or health status. With these, slides were obtained for the detection of morulae, thrombocytopenia, and execution of nested-PCR technique. We verified a prevalence of 1.17% to investigated the presence of morulae, 5.6% when using the technique of nested-PCR, and was verified that 17.64% of the CBCs were thrombocytopenia. However, only 40% of positive samples by nested-PCR showed thrombocytopenia. The results presented in this study demonstrate that the introduction of molecular diagnostic techniques such as nested-PCR is an important method to aid in the early diagnosis of diseases
- ItemSuplementação hidroeletrolítica e energética sobre parâmetros de hidratação e perfil eletrolítico, energético e hormonal em cães de busca, resgate e salvamento(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-02-26) Cerqueira, Hévila Dutra Barbosa de; Trivilin, Leonardo Oliveira; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Zanini, Surama Freitas; Meira, Fabiana Dayse Magalhães SimanSearch and rescue dogs require intensive training. The knowledge of the electrolytic and energetic changes that occur in these dogs is important to establish methods and actions to improve performance and reduce changes during physical activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hydration parameters, electrolytes, hormones, glucose and lactate concentrations with and without hydroelectrolytic and energy supplementation, in dogs submitted to 60 minutes of training. Six healthy dogs, trained and carrying out search and rescue activities, were evaluated in seven times and two different moments. Hydration parameters, such as body weight (BW), body temperature, hematocrit (Ht), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb)), total protein (PT) and albumin were determined; energy indicators such as glucose and lactate; electrolytes such as potassium (K+ ), sodium (Na+ ), chlorine (Cl- ), phosphorus (P+ ), calcium (Ca2+ ) and magnesium (Mg2+ ); and hormones such as cortisol, aldosterone, and insulin. In both moments (M1 and M2), after training (T60"), dogs presented isotonic dehydration, determined by erythrocytosis, weight loss, with no changes in K+ , Na+ , Ca2+ , albumin, cortisol and aldosterone. In the recovery phase, in both assessment moments, there was a significant increase in temperature and lactate, there was also a significant reduction of insulin, PT and P+ . Clreduced in M1 and increased in M2, while Mg2+ reduced in M1 and did not change in M2. Dogs showed recovery in R30", with values close to the basal (T0). It was concluded that both water supply and hydroelectrolytic and energetic supplementation, provided by the enteral administration, were capable of correcting the isotonic dehydration presented by dogs. However, supplementation was able to raise the serum values of Cl- and Mg2+ after exercise, without altering other electrolytes. Temperature and lactate concentrations increase after exercise and return to baseline with recovery. Insulin reduces after training, with no changes in serum glucose levels
- ItemTomografia computadorizada no diagnóstico de lipidose hepática em Jabuti-Piranga (Chelonoidis carbonaria - SPIX, 1824)(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-07-31) Marchiori, Adriano; Costa, Fabiano Séllos; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Rossi Junior, João Luiz
- ItemTroponina 1 cardíaca em cães submetidos a tratamento periontal(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-07-31) Mazioli, Grasiele Bonadiman Cypriano; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Costa, Fabiano Séllos; Champion, TatianaAssociations between periodontal disease (PD) and cardiovascular changes in dogs, such as infeccious endocarditis (IE), are reported by literature, although no evidences between them are verified. Anesthetic drugs, used for periodontal treatment (PT), can lead to hypotension, reduction of coronary blood flow and myocardial ischemia. Determination of biomarkers, especially cardiac troponin I (cTnI) can be used for the detection of myocardial injury in both cases: endocarditis and the effects of anesthetic drugs. This study aimed to evaluate canine cTnI in dogs with PD, as an indicator of IE, after PT, with and without using antibiotics. It was used 24 dogs with PD, with no evidence of any other systemic diseases. They were selected by physical examination, laboratory and cardiovascular evaluation and were divided into three groups: group I (n=8; control) - anesthetized dogs, group II (n=8) - anesthetized dogs submited to PT, not treated with antibiotics, group III (n=8) - anesthetized dogs submited to PT, treated with antibiotics. The dogs were sedated with acepromazine and meperidine, induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Canine cTnI dosages were taken immediately before and 24 hours after PT, using commercial kit (ELISA). Statistical analysis were performed by using "D'Agostino & Pearson" normality test, unpaired t test to compare two samples and Tukey´s post hoc test for multiple comparisons. All tests were performed at a level of significance of 0.05 No significant differences were found between groups or in different moments (p>0.05). It was concluded that there is no increased cTnI in dogs with PD after PT, treated or not with antibiotics, suggesting that there was no development of IE, and there is no increase in canine cTnI in healthy dogs anesthetized using this protocol.
- ItemUso da furazolidona no tratamento clínico de cães com leishmaniose tegumentar americana(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-07-19) Barcellos, Márcio Paiva; Zanini, Marcos Santos; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Giunchetti, Rodolfo CordeiroAmerican cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is a widespread disease in several countries. As recommended by the Brazilian Ministry for Health, a treatment of animals is contraindicated. The aim of this study was to test the use of furazolidone (FZ) to treat lesions in dogs suffering from ACL. The study was conducted with nine dogs with lesions and the presence of ACL as confirmed by ELISA and PCR for biopsy and culture for Leishmania (V.) braziliensis. The drug was administered orally in a concentration of 20 mg / kg every twelve hours for seven days, in three steps with an interval of 10 days, accompanied by laboratory monitoring of hematological and biochemical patterns. A regression of the lesion was observed in seven animals. FZ has proven an effective drug in the remission of lesions in dogs with ACL injury
- ItemUso de Bloqueador de Receptor de Angiotensina-valsartan em Cães Com Degeneração Valvar Mixomatosa(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-03-30) Chamelete, Marcelo Oliveira; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Costa, Fabiano Séllos; Champion, Tatiana; Porfírio, Lenir CardosoOf canine heart disease, mitral endocardiosis is the most prevalente in routine clinical care. It is know that this disease has a chronic and incurable progressive course, whose therapeutic control depends, mainly, on the inhibition of ativation of compensatory neuroendocrine system. The severety of the disease and individual factors, will guide which is the best strategy treatment. The angiotensin converting enzime (ACE) inhibitors are the first choice drugs to combat the clinical signs of heart failure in humans and dogs. Although efficient and safe, it is know that ACE inhibitors monotherapy do not block completly the activation of deleterious compensatory mecanisms that starts in heart failure. Therefore, a heavier block of this ativation hás been used in humans with heart failure, with angiotensin receptors blockers (ARBS). There are many studies demonstrating the benefits of use of BRAS in humans with heart failures, but in dogs the research is still scarce. In this work the autors aims reviewed the endocardioses mitral and its standart treatmetn, as well as reviewing the use of the BRAS. It also aims to research and evaluate the effects of the valsartan (ARB) uses in 20 weeks on dogs with mitral endocardiosis. Were obtainer clinical, eletrocardiographic, chocardiographic, and laboratorial data, before the introduction of valsartan (0,5 mg/kg, 24/24h), and every four weeks until completing 20 weeks. It may be noted that the Ae/Ao relation at no time was freater than 1.7, despite the constatn remodeling, with no significant difference between the initial and final time. The systolic volume índex increased in M3 but returned to the statistally equal value to the star. Arterial systemic blood pressure did not change. There was no changes in hematological values, but hepatic enzymes suggested overload liver function. The absence of side effects and maintenance of clinical, eletrocadiographic, echocardiographic tha are important to a good prognostico f heart failure of mitral endocardiosis shows tha valsartan may be an effective and safe option.
- ItemUtilização de sorgo na dieta de cães obesos como estratégia para redução de peso corporal : avaliação clínica e laboratorial(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011-03-24) Feitosa, Mariana Lorenção; Zanini, Surama Freitas; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Colnago, Geraldo Luiz; Marques, Luiz Fernando AarãoObesity is a nutritional disease that affects approximately 20 to 45% of the canine population and is associated with several pathological conditions. With the domestication of animals, increasing amounts of carbohydrates were added to the diet of dogs, assisting in the development of obesity. Starch is the most important carbohydrate foods. It is known that digestion of starch in sorghum occurs more slowly than the starch from corn.This study was conducted to verify the performance of diets formulated with 100% corn, sorghum 100% and 50% corn / sorghum 50%, reducing weight in obese dogs. In addition, proposed the clinical and laboratory evaluation during any stage of weight reduction. For this, we used 35 adult dogs of both sexes, between three and five years old, healthy. It was used to calculate the body mass index canine body weight and evaluation of body condition score to establish the weight reduction. Glucose, fructosamine, total cholesterol, VLDL, HDL and triglycerides were measured for verification of probable laboratory. The results of these parameters were subjected to analysis of variance for balanced data, using the SNK test for mean comparison between treatments with a significance level of 5%. Regarding diet, there was no significant difference between treatments with maize and sorghum to reduce body weight (p> 0.05). However, significant effects of gender on the diets (p <0.05). Significant effect of race and diet on the IMCC (p <0.05). Dogs treated with 100% sorghum had higher IMCC compared with dogs fed 50% milho/50% sorghum. The results of serum glucose, fructosamine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and VLDL showed no significant difference lying within the normal range (p> 0.05). The presence of overweight or obese for a short period of time does not alter the levels of glucose, fructosamine and cholesterol in dogs. The establishment of a program of weight loss with diets based on sorghum and maize have been effective, considering both the reduction of body weight and the maintenance of blood glucose and cholesterol.