Ciências Odontológicas
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- ItemAnálise Clínica e Micológica da Colonização Por Candida spp. em Leucoplasia Oral e Líquen Plano Oral(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-01-23) Novo, Vinícius Matos; Gonçalves, Sarah Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4170-4445; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1018708169217296; Velloso, Tânia Regina Grão; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6865-7955; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6427157237870625; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5892-210X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4757635191749255; Velloso, Tânia Regina Grão; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6865-7955; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6427157237870625; Barros, Liliana Aparecida Pimenta de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1649-3116; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8635277660080840; Pigatti, Fernanda Mombrini; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8495-8571; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8243371686189167Colonization/infection by Candida spp. has been associated with a variety of oral entities, including oral leukoplakia and oral lichen planus, which are termed potentially malignant disorders of the oral cavity. These clinical conditions present distinct characteristics but share similarities in relation to etiological factors such as immunosuppression, chronic inflammation, and alterations in oral microbiota. Understanding the relationship between Candida spp. colonization and these lesions is fundamental for effective diagnosis and clinical management. This study aims to assess the prevalence of Candida colonization, delineate the demographic and clinical profile, phenotypically, biochemically, and molecularly identify Candida isolates, examine systemic and local factors contributing to Candida colonization and/or infection in oral leukoplakia and oral lichen planus, and investigate potential differences in in vitro susceptibility profiles of Candida isolates. Samples were obtained by swabbing lesions and intact oral mucosa for internal control, seeded on Sabouraud Dextrose and CHROMagar® Candida plates to assess colonization/infection and presumptive species identification; subsequently confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDITOF). Candida spp. prevalence was 36.8% and 18.2% in oral leukoplakia and oral lichen planus cases, respectively. Candida albicans was the sole species found in oral lichen planus lesions, n=2, 100%, and the most prevalent in oral leukoplakia, n=5, 76.4%. Among non-albicans Candida species in oral leukoplakia, C. parapsilosis (n=2, 25.5%) and C. tropicalis (n=1, 14.1%). Candida isolates, n=9, were susceptible to all tested antifungals. C. albicans was the most predominant species found in the studied lesions. Systemic and local factors showed no association in positive cases of oral lichen planus, but smoking and alcohol consumption may be associated with positive cases of oral leukoplakia, as well as the non-homogeneous clinical form. A possible predisposition to Candida colonization associated with epithelial dysplasia found in oral leukoplakia is suggested. The tested antifungal medications showed efficacy against the isolates.
- ItemComparação Clínicopatológica e da Expressão da Citoqueratina-10 Entre Liquen Plano e Lesão Liquenoide Oral(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-03-07) Moreira, Milena Duarte; Barroso, Danielle Resende Camisasca; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1193-2113; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3989074593181674; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2952-7474; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0214358029056111; Barros, Liliana Aparecida Pimenta de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1649-3116; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8635277660080840; Silva Júnior, José de Assis; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9737483962693792Background: Oral lichen planus malignant transformation potential has been largely debated. Cytokeratin-10 is suggested as an indicator of a dysplastic epithelium and can be used to assess malignant progression in oral potentially malignant disorders. This study aimed to compare clinical, histopathological features and immunostaining for cytokeratin-10 between oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesion. Methods: Retrospective longitudinal study comparing lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions diagnosed at the Oral Pathological Anatomy Service, analysing socio-demographic, clinicopathological data and CK-10 expression. Chi-Square, Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney or Student's ttests were used, when appropriate; and p-values <.05 were considered significant. Results: A total of 23 lichen planus and 23 lichenoid lesions were included. There was an association between oral lichen planus and symptomatology (p=0.031). The buccal mucosa was the most affected site in both groups, 20 cases (87.0%) in lichen planus, and 16 cases (69.6%) in oral lichenoid lesion. Bilateral (p<0.001) striae (p=0.004) are more characteristic of oral lichen planus. There was an association of oral lichen planus with degeneration of the basal layer (p=0.049), as well as with mild epithelial dysplasia (p<0.001). Cytokeratin-10 immunostaining was similar between groups. Conclusion: A continuous follow-up is necessary to identify different patterns of malignant transformation between groups of lesions, as well as a comparison with lesions with a higher malignant transformation rate.
- ItemDesenvolvimento De Um Novo Dispositivo De Posicionamento Radiográfico Para A Avaliação De Implantes Dentários(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-01-25) Bonadiman, Eduarda Alberti; Vaz, Sergio Lins de Azevedo ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-5309; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0891895879748603; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1454-5549; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0988085902471867; Vaz, Sergio Lins de Azevedo ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-5309; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0891895879748603; Ramos, Umberto Demoner ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3759-1364; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7171760362653486; Leite, André Ferreira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7803-4740; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7275660736054053This dissertation is composed of two studies. The first aimed to develop an adapter for the Cone Indicator radiographic film-holder, aiming to generate sharpener and more geometrically accurate images of dental implants. To achieve these goals, an additional rod and a rectangular trapezoid were designed in the SketchUp software and 3D printed. Implants with internal conical connection were installed in the central incisor region of 19 maxilla prototypes. Five dentists obtained 285 digital periapical radiographs using three different filmholders: Cone indicator, Rinn XCP and modified Cone Indicator. Then, they evaluated the implants threads sharpness and the implants radiographic dimensions in ImageJ software. The Friedman with post-hoc Durbin-Conover and MANOVA with post-hoc Tukey tests were used (α = 5%). Mesial threads were sharpener for the modified Cone Indicator than for the Cone Indicator film-holder (p<0.05). The modified Cone Indicator resulted in a smaller difference between the radiographic and the real implant diameter than the Rinn XCP and the Cone Indicator film-holders (p<0.05). In conclusion, the modified Cone Indicator filmholder resulted in radiographs of dental implants with greater sharpness and greater geometric accuracy. The second study set out to evaluate the accuracy of the modified Cone Indicator film-holder for detecting misfits at the abutmentprosthesis interface. A ceramic copping was made and coupled to the implants installed in the first study (20 jaw prototypes). Misfits of 50, 100 and 150 μm were simulated by interposing 1, 2 or 3 50-μm-thick polyester strips, respectively, positioned at the abutment-prosthesis interface; the absence of the strip represented the control group. An independent operator obtained 180 digital radiographs using the 3 film-holders tested in the first study. One radiologist, 1 prosthodontist and 1 general practitioner evaluated the images. The area under ROC curves (Az) were calculated and subjected to repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey (α = 5%). No statistically significant differences among the three film-holders were found (p=0.381). In conclusion, the modified Cone Indicator film-holder had similar accuracy than other film-holders for detecting misfits at the abutment-prosthesis interface.
- ItemInfluência de Ajustes de Imagem na Distorção de Implantes e na Mensuração Tomográfica da Espessura Óssea Vestibular a Implantes Dentário(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-01-26) Mello, Hugo Nogueira; Vaz, Sergio Lins de Azevedo; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-5309; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0891895879748603; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6776-8642; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3752762725155379; Leite, André Ferreira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7803-4740; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7275660736054053; Silva, Daniela Nascimento; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0145-2247; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3613001852759565Dental implants are among the best treatment options for replacing lost teeth, as they restore the aesthetics, function, and self-esteem of patients. Although cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the preferred three-dimensional technique for assessing peri-implant vestibular bone, this examination has deficiencies and limitations. When an implant positioned near the vestibular bone wall is evaluated in CBCT images, the thickness of this bone plate is difficult to measure due to artifacts related to the implant, such as Scatter, Blooming, and the Partial Volume Effect. Thus, the dimensional accuracy of some structures may be compromised, affecting the final diagnosis and proposed treatment plan. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether adjustments to filter and contrast can improve the accuracy of CBCT in measuring the vestibular bone plate adjacent to osseointegrated implants by reducing blooming expression. For this purpose, homogeneous bone blocks with implants installed at different distances from the vestibular bone wall (thicknesses of 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, and 1 mm) were used. Three dentists independently evaluated 234 images, measuring the thickness of the vestibular bone plate and the diameter of the implants, with the 'Sharpen' filter activated and deactivated, and using three different contrast settings. Tomographic measurements were subtracted from the actual measurements, and relative differences were subjected to repeated measures ANOVA with a significance level of 5%. In the group with the smallest thickness (0.3 mm), there was a greater difference between tomographic and actual measurements (79.9% ± 29.0%) than in the 0.5 mm (36.1% ± 38.4%) and 1 mm (29.4% ± 12.3%) groups (p<0.05). For the implant diameter factor, the activation of the 'Sharpen' filter provided tomographic measurements closer to actual measurements than when deactivated (p<0.05). Measurements of the vestibular bone plate and implant diameter were not influenced by contrast adjustment (p>0.05). In conclusion, contrast adjustments did not reduce implant distortion or influence the accuracy of tomographic measurement of the vestibular bone plate. Although filter activation reduced implant distortion associated with blooming, it did not influence the measurement of the vestibular bone plate.
- ItemPrevalência e Fatores de Risco Associados à Colonização por Candida spp. em Lesões Da Mucosa Bucal(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-03-12) Feletti, Mariana Pires; Tavares, Sarah Gonçalves; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4170-4445; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1018708169217296; Velloso, Tânia Regina Grão; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6865-7955; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6427157237870625; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2619-5953; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0978973634199704; Melo, Analy Salles de Azevedo; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6900-6468; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8922840487452492; Barroso, Danielle Resende Camisasca; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1193-2113; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3989074593181674The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Candida spp. in lesions that affect the oral mucosa, assess the distribution of Candida species present, and analyze the risk factors associated with this relationship. A cross-sectional study was conducted in which patients with lesions on the oral mucosa underwent swab collection to investigate Candida spp. The first collection was carried out in the lesion area, and a second in the mucosa region without apparent lesion. Patient samples were plated on CHROMagar Candida™, and colony-forming unit counts were performed to determine fungal load. Biochemical, morphological, and mass spectrometry tests were carried out to identify the species, followed by in vitro sensitivity tests to antifungals. The data collected indicated a prevalence of 40% of Candida spp. associated with oral lesions in x patients evaluated. Among the most commonly found species, C. albicans (62.5%), C. glabrata (10.5%), C. parapsilosis (7.5%), and C. tropicalis (7.5%) stood out. It was observed that the presence of the lesion was a factor that influenced the occurrence of Candida spp., with a more significant occurrence of this microorganism in areas of altered mucosa. Furthermore, Candida spp. it was more prevalent in elderly, female, and diabetic patients. No association was identified between Candida spp. and lesions in the oral mucosa with hyposalivation, history of smoking, and alcohol consumption. Of the 37 samples submitted to antifungal susceptibility testing, all have a resistance profile to Nystatin. Based on the data from this study, it is concluded that lesions in the oral mucosa represent a risk factor for colonization by Candida spp. Although most species identified are C. albicans, nonalbicans species were isolated in the oral cavity of patients, emphasizing C. parapsilosis. Understanding the relationship between species and lesions in the oral mucosa is crucial for safer and more effective patient clinical management.