Geografia

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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia

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A "crise" do café e a ideologia desenvolvimentista no Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2010-09-27) Daré, Raquel; Scarim, Paulo Cesar; Campos Júnior, Carlos Teixeira de
This work investigates the process of construction and circulation of the coffee “crisis” idea in the Espírito Santo state, Brazil, in the 1960s, looking for comprehension of how this idea got power and legitimacy, being reported until the present day. It starts with the understanding that the idea of "crisis" is part of a larger ideological construction, which sought to insert the developmental ideas in the Espírito Santo state. Thus, it first looks for identify and analyze the political articulations, the formulated instruments and the documents and studies produced in the 1960s which sought to insert the developmentalist ideology in the Espírito Santo state. It was seen that besides the political articulations and formulated instruments several ideas were produced during this period as a strategy to insert the developmentalist ideology in the Espírito Santo state. The strongest of these ideas was that the Espírito Santo state was in "crisis" and agriculture based in small familiar rural properties was the cause of this “crisis”. The small familiar rural properties were also identified as the cause of state’s "backwardness" and Espírito Santo was located at the periphery of national development. The "diversification" of the productive structure has been appointed as the solution for the "crisis". Then, it was analyzed academic papers written at that time and later, looking for the understanding of how the idea of "crisis" was inserted in the academic debate. It was found that the authors of these academic researches used as main references the studies and documents produced at that time. So their papers use the angle of the official discourse and just reinforce this discourse, expanding the political debate for the academic debate. As it was inserted in the academic debate, through theses and dissertations from major universities of Brazil, the idea of the "crisis" got legitimacy, still being repeated in many interpretations of the Espírito Santo state. Finally, it was done a historical overview of the Espírito Santo agrarian space, contrasting it with the ideas contained in the documents and studies analyzed. It tries to show evidences of the existence or not of the "crisis" in the Espírito Santo coffee production structure during the 1960s. Following it was presented an interpretation of the "crisis" idea, pointing out the elements that led to its construction.
A (re)organização da beira-mar : diferentes modos de uso e ocupação no norte do Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2010-09-03) Teixeira, Claudinea da Cunha; Freire, Ana Lucy Oliveira; Scarim, Paulo César; Martins, Sergio Manuel Merêncio
The presence of human groups on the coast is a condition that makes geographic space. So while space is socially engaged subject to the process of (re) organization. The reality studied applies to locations on the waterfront in the city of St. Matthew in the north of Espirito Santo. The origin of these locations refers to the colonial period. However, the waterfront was occupied by ethnic groups (indigenous) previous to the Europeans and Africans. To study this coastal stretch, the geographical science approached the territory category to better understand it. For this, he appropriated the concepts of coastal peasantry, traditional people, state capital, urbanization and planning for the analysis of this process of (re)organization. The seafront brings in its history the peasantry littoral (land use / natural environments) as a determining factor in the formation of a territory. In this case, the evidence in question refers to changes in the way of use and occupation from the mid-twentieth century. The development projects have led to the recovery of coastal lands and thus changes in the way of life who was always at sea. The oil and gas activity, the effect of tourism (and recreation) and the expansion of the urban housing market by bringing about changes since, rural lands are converted into urban land and traditional activities, from simple commodity production are replaced by activities based capitalist. Each of these activities have the state as the idealistic and the promoter of change, however, there is contradictory to the role of government. At the municipal level, the government now mediates conflicts, now turns to the interests of private capital and disregards the policies of territorial questions of socio-environmental and socio-cultural order.
A AGENDA 21 COMO HETEROTOPIA DOS AGENTES DOMINANTES NA PRODUÇÃO DE CIDADES NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DA GRANDE VITÓRIA-ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-02-17) Fernandes, Erick Alessandro Schunig; Zanotelli, Claudio Luiz; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2070-1109; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0578606908675706; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6020-0296; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705986799647103; Bitoun, Jan; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4503-6299; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7271815447542540; Ferreira, Giovanilton Andre Carretta; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3136-2966; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1393675429251087; Bezerra, Gustavo Antonio das Neves; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Dota, Ednelson Mariano; https://orcid.org/0000000287260424; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9655853731005120
This study analyzes Agenda 21 as a model of city organization that, proposed by the State, plays a role in facilitating the interests of dominant agents in the municipalities of Vitória, Vila Velha, Serra, Cariacica and Viana, located in the Metropolitan Region of Grande Vitória (RMGV), Espírito Santo. We assume that Agenda 21 is a document produced by a branch of the state's strategic planning that expresses the interests of those who led its preparation. In this work, we identified Agenda 21 as a heterotopia (FOUCAULT, 2013), whose action proved to be ineffective in proposing a fairer city, as recommended by the guidelines of the global and Brazilian Agenda 21. We believe that this planning model enunciates a discourse, whose exposure is made from a codification, which, in turn, establishes a connection with the myth, by presenting a worldview that attracts people's adhesion. Therefore, we ask why, despite the elaboration of this document in the studied cities, proposing a city accessible to all, it is possible to observe an aggravation of problems in the cities studied, at the same time that there was an increase in the performance of economic agents in these places. We work with the hypothesis that this expansion in the studied municipalities is linked to the construction of a discourse that operates through symbolic mechanisms, aiming to create an idealized city that is present in Agenda 21, but that differs from the real city, obliterating the inequalities and consolidating the hegemonic project of some agents. At the conclusion level, we identified within the Agenda 21 narrative which are the codes used for this purpose, how the image of the cities studied was produced, which are the most prominent areas and who are the agents that led this process and presented a constructed reality at the symbolic level, in order to capture the population's adhesion and legitimize their interests.
A barbárie da modernidade. A formação dos Estados Nacionais e uma crítica ao desenvolvimento econômico
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-01-01) Manasfi, Paulo Henrique de Souza; Ciccarone, Celeste; Reis, Luis Carlos Tosta dos; Moraes, Lívia de Cássia Godói
A cidade como espaço de batalha urbicida
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-08-30) Mendonca, Marcio Jose; Zanotelli, Claudio Luiz; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2070-1109; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0578606908675706; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7980-6001; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6664456225087809; Costa, Rogerio Haesbaert da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1345-7654; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0658808096920254; Scarim, Paulo Cesar; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2585-6414; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6089464259803666; Lira, Pablo Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-5219; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1429716140765041; Mendonca, Eneida Maria Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0761476745619922
The present study addresses the way modern warfare has been waged on urbanized terrains, especially in large cities, considering the high complexity that the urban scenario offers, due to its entire urbanization process, as a three-dimensional battlefield that takes place in streets and alleys, underground tunnels, vertical areas etc. Cities, as the study shows, are being configured as battlespaces where urbicide practices such as war policies are developed to hinder the presence of those considered enemies. As far as the different scenarios of urban conflict are concerned, the research uses cases verified in other countries that interface with the Brazilian case, specifically in Rio de Janeiro and Vitória, which provide analysis and empirical evidence capable of demonstrating that we are experiencing a process of re militarization of the city, in which the city itself appears to be and is even thought of as a battlespace from the point of view of regular armies and armed groups with territorial dominance. These show the transformation of the city as a whole into a stage of complex conflict involving practices that essentially aim at, besides winning the enemies, destroying their habitat and denying them the city. Thus, what we are seeing in recent conflicts, in different places, is a process of destruction of the urbanity of the city, in order to deny it to the enemy, that is, to create a situation of “urban genocide”, which different authors, have defined as urbicide, which is: deliberate denial or the simple destruction of urbanity that makes life in the city possible. This study proposes a healthy way of thinking: in the case of Rio de Janeiro and Vitória, even though it is not a declared and high-intensity war, the urbicide is previously transformed into a public security policy to combat the population living in favelas and poor neighborhoods, seen as the enemy within the country. Today the real scenario reaches the level of urban dispossession of vulnerable groups due to the real estate business activity and to the spread of armed groups operating in the city, which exercise territorial control over the resources and urban infrastructure, essential to ordinary life in the city.
A cidade sob o olhar da periferia : aspectos do cotidiano dos moradores do Morro dos Alagoanos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2010-12-07) Barros, Ana Maria Leite de; Zanotelli, Cláudio Luiz; Mendonça, Eneida Maria Souza; Campos, Andrelino
This work looks forward to understand some aspects of Morro dos Alagoanos, community which belongs to Caratoíra neighborhood (Vitória/ES), especially regarding its insertion in the city as a living space. Initially is discussed the importance of the scale achieved by the urbanization in the contemporary world, as a way to understand, how Morro dos Alagoanos was born and its occupation consolidates, inserted in the urban expansion process of Vitória city. However, the priority is the discussion related to the informal urbanization, first contextualizing this process in Brazil and after in the Vitória city, because the starting of the occupation which formed Morro dos Alagoanos is inserted in the process that resulted in the creation of the Vitória suburb from residential spaces constituted informally. In a second step, the work proceeds clarifying the choice of a neighborhood as a spatial cutoff for the research development, since it is not only one of the subdivisions which compose the city, but it is the place in which the relations between inhabitants, living place and the city, are established in a more direct way. For this purpose are also discussed some key concepts to comprehend everyday relations of the neighborhood inhabitants with its living place. Third part of the work takes care fundamentally of the Morro dos Alagoanos community, seeking to build the historical path of its formation, the current status of the community, especially regarding to the relations that the residents establishes everyday among themselves and with the place, which is more evident in a complex community, experienced and considered from many different forms, in the joy and in the fatigue of everyday life of its residents as well as in its reflection on their place in the city.
A cobertura natural, o potencial paisagístico e turismo no Parque Nacional do Caparaó (ES-MG) segundo a hierarquia de paisagens de Georges Bertrand (1972)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-06-22) Massini, Victor Silveira; Vale, Cláudia Câmara do; https://orcid.org/0000000244940841; Silva, Ary Gomes da; Goulart, Antonio Celso de Oliveira
This research intends to study the Conservation Unit (UC) named Parque Nacional do Caparaó (PNC), located in an area that covers both the states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais (Brazil), inspired by the General Systems Theory for Geographic Science. It´s attempted to conform the studied area as a Natural Region on the Hierarchization of Landscape Scale, according to the theoretical proposal by Georges Bertrand (1972; 2004), and comprehend the relation between the ecological potential, the biological exploration and the anthropic action that occur in the UC. For the understanding of the area the research proposed the identification, the classification and the mapping of the natural coverage and other uses on PNC, based on fitofisionomic systems developed by Carlos Rizzini (1979) and Afrânio Fernandes (2007; 2006). In this manner, getting to know the real distribution and composition of the vegetative mosaic in the park, it was attempted to integrate such information with the pre-structured interviews carried out with the representative of its managing body, as well as with entrepreneurs in the tourism sector on the region of Caparaó capixaba
A criação dos Comitês de Bacias Hidrográficas dos rios Jucu e Santa Maria da Vitória : perspectivas e desafios da gestão hídrica capixaba
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011-04-29) Oliveira, Regina de Marchi Lyra; Castiglioni, Aurélia Hermínia; Coelho, André Luiz Nascentes; Vianna, Pedro Costa Guedes
It examines the process of creating the Watershed Committees Jucu rivers and Santa Maria da Vitoria, which are located in the metropolitan area of Vitoria in Espirito Santo State, highlighting the current status of these Committees and their future prospects. This region is considered socio-economically and environmentally strategic due to the fact that the rivers Jucu and Santa Maria da Vitoria are responsible for supplying water for the population, the industries and also for agricultural irrigation, as well as the maintenance of the ecosystems that depend on them. The watersheds included in these committees include the territorial extent of ten municipalities in the Espírito Santo state. The Committees discusses issues regarding state and federal legislation, especially those concerned about decentralized and participatory management of water resources. It also realizes a detailed study of Laws No. 9433/97 and No. 5.818/98, which established the creation of River Basin Committees, something new in the state of Espirito Santo. Documentary and field research showed that the two basins have a high state of degradation, which in turn highlights the importance the Committees have in managing the two basins. The results show that the Watershed Committees of the rivers Jucu and Santa Maria da Vitoria need to enhance their operational structure, since they were created around the year 2000. This structure will only be effective when: the Government sector, the users and the civil society organizations that are present in the Committees become aware of the power they have; the instruments of grants and charging for water use are in place; the members of the collegiate are capacitated and granted access to information and data on the watershed system; when the members start to work together on the creation of inclusive public policies; and lastly, when the members engage in the development of a democratic management of water resources.
A dimensão ontológica na Geografia: um paralelo entre o horizonte da crítica-radical e o pensamento de Martin Heidegger
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-03-21) Zadorosny, Luana Rodarte Oliveira; Reis, Luís Carlos Tosta dos; Silva, Aldo Aloísio Dantas da; Robaina, Igor Martins Medeiros
This study is structured around the articulation of three basic elements. The first element refers to the thematic scope and corresponds to the ontology of space as the -formal object? of research in Geographic Science. We propose it's problematization through two different methodologies that correspond with the two elements referred to in the methodological scope: the horizon of the radical/critical approach associated with marxist historical and dialectical materialism and the Heidegger's philosophy approach, which is through the hermeneutic phenomenology. These three elements in the problematization have been recorded in the historiography of Geography since the innovative movement initiated in the 1970's. In that moment both the assimilation of the ontological reflection of space with the constitution of the horizon of radical/critical approach and the assimilation of phenomenology with the Heideggerian thought in the core of the constitution of the humanistic horizon of the subject became permanent. The research addresses the topic of the ontological foundation of space and its articulation of the issue concerning nature-society relationships, through the parallel with the methods of investigation highlighted previously that, through their particular features, contribute to the theoretical arguments and debates in the field under different perspectives, scope and purpose. On the one hand, it presents a trait of ontological thinking marked by the influence of the marxist/luckácsian theories and determined essentially by the ontology of the social being. This is an ontological problematization that is carried out considering the centrality of the notion of work (or social production) as an ontological principle that is widely echoed in the analysis of the reality and in the formulation of a spatial theory in the discipline. On the other hand, it presents the basic indispensable elements to develop an ontological investigation on a phenomenological basis. The basic terms of the heideggerian project are exposed through the following elements: the ontological difference between being and beings, the analytic of being-there as a source towards investigations on the notion of being, the analysis of the structure being-in-the-world and the mundanity of the world – and, in the core of the existential analytic, the phenomenological questioning of space as a phenomenon rooted in the being-there. Both propositions are fundamentally divergent to the trait that the question about the nature-society relationships acquires as a result of their most fundamental conjectures.
A ECONOMIA DO PETRÓLEO E AS TRAJETÓRIAS DE VIDA DOS TRABALHADORES DO RAMO PETROLÍFERO NO ESPÍRITO SANTO
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-09-29) Rodrigues, Rennan Moraes; Dota, Ednelson Mariano; https://orcid.org/0000000287260424; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9655853731005120; https://orcid.org/0000000347887473; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Zanotelli, Claudio Luiz; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0578606908675706; Queiroz, Silvana Nunes de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Martins, Isis do Mar Marques; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
abstract
A expansão Centro-Metropolitana da Grande Vitória nos principais eixos viários
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-09-19) Ferreira, Kéliton Oliveira; Coelho, André Luiz Nascentes; Faé, Maria Inês; Campos, Martha Machado; Campos, Vania Barcellos Gouvea
Due to the urban growth that occurred in the late twentieth century, many Brazilian cities were aggregated resulting in a continuous network of urban communities called conurbation or metropolitan area. A similar phenomenon happened in Greater Vitoria, whose metropolitan area was officially created in 21/02/1995, and currently comprises seven counties. Four of them stand out forming an area which in this study is called the Central Metropolitan Area, composed by Vitoria, Vila Velha, Serra, and Cariacica. A number of factors are responsible for the expansion of the urban area, including population and economic growth and environmental aspects. However, the transport factor has an important position among them, since it provides the mobility of people and businesses, and interconnection of built spaces. This study presents the interdependence between major roads and the urban occupied area, based on the influence of the districts and industrial areas, the performance of the housing market, the importance of public transportation and geographical aspects like relief and hydrograph. The road transport and its network are related to the spatial configuration of the urban sprawl. Actual and future projects are analyzed with the help of Geographic Information System to predict the vectors of urban flow growth. The results of this study highlighted the interdependence between urban sprawl and the road system, through the observation of some areas in the central metropolitan where the establishment of major roads contributed to the expansion or urban density, or the other way round. Areas that are likely to growth are among those which have prevision of receiving large investments in road infrastructure.
A geografia dos acidentes de trânsito na Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória (RMGV)-ES, entre 2005 e 2013
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-10-31) Bergamaschi, Rodrigo Bettim; Faé, Maria Inês; Coelho, Andre Luiz Nascentes; Sinay, Maria Cristina Fogliatti de
This dissertation considers the spatial distribution of traffic accidents reported in the years between 2005 and 2013 in the townships of Fundão, Serra, Vitória, Vila Velha, Cariacica, Viana, and Guarapari, which together make up the metropolitan area of Grande Vitória (RMGV). To accomplish this study, a temporal and spatial analysis of traffic accidents occurred in this region was performed, analyzing the accelerated growth of the automotive fleet, the population growth and the roads infrastructure. In addition, the main risk variables responsible for causing traffic accidents were listed. The appropriate theoretical foundation was built from the transport Geography, which provided the subsidies to contextualize the importance of geographical spatial analysis on the phenomenon worked here. Furthermore, costs generated by this phenomenon were estimated, reaching the figure of more than R$ 900 million of annual cost due to traffic accidents in RMGV in 2013. Using geostatistics and GIS techniques in the areas of concentration of traffic accidents on RMGV were identified, as the types of collisions and impacts, rollovers and overturning and trampling. Some conclusions from the analysis were: 1) in addition to the increase in quantity and concentration of occurrences, there was also, in the course of the historical series, the spreading of the traffic accident records in the region of RMGV, and 2) accidents, according to their typology, concentrate on different areas of the studied region.
A imagem a ser consumida : política visual, imaginação espacial e a estética dos vídeos turísticos no estado do Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-04-25) Oliveira, Fabianne Torres; Queiroz Ó Filho, Antonio Carlos; Reis, Luis Carlos Tosta dos Reis; Marandola Junior, Eduardo José
Attached to their own aesthetics and "effects of truth" (PELLEJERO, 2008), the tourist videographies end up creating vastly informative languages on what one wants to say about the place. Its scenes are appointed to propagating an image to be consumed, and from them it's expected the best angles, unique experiences and alternative and natural scripts to know the place. So the tourist images, nowadays, are powerful languages to understand the narratives about the places, theirs spatial imaginations, as well as the construction of fictions about a certain reality. Once involved in the production of hegemonic fictions, tour videos, and spatial imaginations that we have from them, can promote crystallized ways of thinking about space, moving us away from the purposes of understanding the space and its connections, disconnections and multiplicity of trajectories (MASSEY, 2008). In this context, this research aims to discuss how touristic videos, in particular two videos from the current campaign of the Department of Tourism of the State of Espírito Santo, "Descubra o Espírito Santo", have a particular kind of spatial imagination. Also follow as interest: Understand and analyze the visual politics and aesthetics of tourist videographies; Understand and analyze the production of a fiction that builds and mobilizes a spatial imagination and; study authors and videographic productions that have dedicated themselves to think of other possibilities to mobilize and deterritorialise a spatial imagination and videographic aesthetics.
A inovação no território do Espírito Santo : do planejamento governamental às redes de inovação
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-12-13) Marques, Ana Ivone Salomon; Dota, Ednelson Mariano; https://orcid.org/0000000287260424; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9655853731005120; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4993-5068; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0003684645152989; Castiglioni, Aurelia Herminia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1180105710434342; Leal, Erika de Andrade Silva
In current days thinking about development means thinking about innovation, innovative territories, technology, science and technology, companies, qualified resources, investment. The innovation theme, related to territory, has been the object of study and research in areas such as economics, geography, and specifically the geography of innovation. Theoretical approaches define the State has an important role in regulating and encouraging innovation processes. The purpose of the dissertation is to understand how innovation and territory are represented in the strategic governmental plans of Espírito Santo, from the year 2000 to the year 2020. To achieve this objective, qualitative analyses of the plans were carried out, and quantitative of the budget data of the actions aimed at innovation and data related to variables linked to innovation and the territory, with the construction of illustrative tables and maps. As a result, it was confirmed that the State has made progress, however keeping the State at the same levels when compared to the other states of the federation. In summary, the dissertation indicates the reassessment and restructuring of government plans with regard to the role of the State in promoting and encouraging innovation processes in the territory.
A inserção do município de Anchieta na expansão da Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-08-24) Perozini, Leonardo Martins; Zanotelli, Cláudio Luiz; https://orcid.org/0000000168906261; Gomes, Eduardo Rodrigues; Castiglioni, Aurélia Hermínia; Dota, Ednelson Mariano
The research addresses the possibility of insertion of the municipality of Anchieta in the Metropolitan Region of Greater Vitória (RMGV), from capital flows, people and goods generated through the presence of an important industrial enclave present in its territory, Samarco Mineradora. Through a discussion of the processes of metropolization, construction and evolution of the RMGV, studies related to the concept of "Industrial Pole", the collection of information about Anchieta's finances in the face of the company's shutdown due to the environmental crime started in Mariana, of the displacement of vehicles and commuting habitat mobility between Anchieta and RMGV, it is concluded that there is a strong economic dependence of the municipality in relation to Samarco, which on the other hand, through the production of economic flows, vehicles And displacement of individuals you can insert Anchieta in the Metropolitan Region of Greater Vitória
A Migração para o Bairro Planalto, no Município de Linhares, Impulsionada Por Fatores Econômicos e Redes Migratórias
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-09-30) Neto, Claudeci Pereira; Castiglioni, Aurelia Herminia; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1180105710434342; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Brasil, Gutemberg Hespanha; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0891949094143160; Dota, Ednelson Mariano; https://orcid.org/0000000287260424; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9655853731005120; Filho, Arlindo Villaschi; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Colbari, Antonia de Lourdes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0311861695502803
The Migrants residents of Planalto neighborhood had as main motivators of the migration act the repulsive factors of the regions of origin, the attracting factors of the municipality of Linhares, provided by its economic growth, and the additional impetus
A mobilidade pendular como indicador na caracterização de cidades médias
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-08-22) Andrade, Itala Luzia de; Dota, Ednelson Mariano; https://orcid.org/0000000287260424; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9655853731005120; https://orcid.org/0000000231826177; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1961487623442056; Zanotelli, Claudio Luiz; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2070-1109; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0578606908675706; Batella, Wagner Barbosa; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3632-9639; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7454170339374328
The restructuring of the Brazilian urban space is a topic widely discussed by professionals from different areas of knowledge. In general, it is observed that the expansion of transport and communication infrastructures in the mid-twentieth century has a great influence on this process. These structural changes have re-signified the Brazilian urban network causing a population and economic redistribution to medium and small urban centers. In this sense, there was a diversification in the functions of the medium cities in the urban network. These became places of significant attractiveness, mediating the connection between smaller urban centers and large cities, even on a regional scale. Thus, this research aimed to analyze how commuting and other demographic and economic indicators can assist in the observation of the influence of the functions of the Barbacena, Muriaé and Ubá (Cities of the state of Minas Gerais) in the urban network, as well as the characterization of these cities as averages. To achieve this goal, the 2000 and 2010 Demographic Census microdata were used. Another form of data extraction from past Demographic Census was the IBGE Automatic Recovery System (SIDRA), as well as the Number of Local Industrial and Trade Units and Services in the database of the Institute of Applied Economic Research (IPEA). A matrix of relationships was used as clipping, which included all the cities that could have a connection with the central cities. The results showed that demographic indicators are relevant variables to identify the regional dynamics of the core municipalities and their respective intermediation function. In addition, it was observed that commuting is a phenomenon with recent intensification in these non metropolitan urban centers. In this research, communting data indicated that there are relations of complementarity and domination between the main nucleus and those that are tributary to them. However, in general, the coverage area of the main municipalities was restricted to the member municipalities of their respective relations matrix. Therefore, it was concluded that such characteristics corroborate the characterization of these urban centers as regional medium cities.
A modernização do atraso : os fundamentos da urbanização de Vitória : 1889-1930
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-11-27) Mendonça, Marcos Cândido; Campos Júnior, Carlos Teixeira de; Civale, Leonardo; Freire, Ana Lucy Oliveira; Ribeiro, Luiz Cláudio Moisés
This thesis turns to the investigation of the modernization of the city of Victoria during the late nineteenth to the twentieth century. It is, specifically, the attempt to understand the modernization of Victoria in its archaic content, in the sense, the set of strategies of power, preserve up interests from earlier social structures to a new economic and sociopolitical context. The theoretical analysis assumes seize the city (its built space) articulated the economic structure, while necessary for the reproduction of capital urban conditions. For this purpose it was necessary to understand the implications of the metamorphosis of wealth, represented previously by the slave and property transferred to the ownership of the land. In this task, we investigated the hegemony of the interests of the merchant-exporter instance of capital that dominated the state apparatus and directed the process. The interference of this fraction of capital in the process was understood from the structure of power in the Holy Spirit processed in the reorganization of the bases of coffee production in the transition from slave to free. Through the modernization of the city, new alternatives for capital appreciation through the construction of the city (housing, public buildings, infrastructure and urban services) were created. However, there was a significant offshoot of the accumulated surplus in the sphere of trade in modern productive activity (multiplier of wealth). In this process, there is the prospect of valuing real estate development as an expression of the general conditions of production and reproduction of labor to capital allow increasing future incomes. What indicates an urbanization mainly dominated by merchant-exporters and patrimonial interests, revealing a strong streak of delayed modernization of the city in their role as the commercial center of the regional economy
A modernização do litoral norte do Espírito Santo: do processo de “civilização dos índios” ao reconhecimento das populações tradicionais; da mobilização à crise do trabalho
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-03-06) Martini, Evandro Arruda de; Boechat, Cássio Arruda; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4280-6347; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1336301405652757; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6225-0310; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0725941590921400; Andrade, Luiz Antônio Evangelista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-3988; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4971369728599195; Toledo, Carlos de Almeida; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3617-1026; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5527805956545004; Leite, Ana Carolina Gonçalves; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3121-4880; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3029444198078971
Unlike studies that consider a region, territory or population as isolated, this research seeks to highlight the mediations between a general process of global modernization and the particularities of the modernization of Brazil and the northern coast of Espírito Santo state, inserted in the expanded reproduction of capitalist relations. Concepts and categories such as “sertão”, “virgin land”, “frontier”, “pioneer”, “work” and “commodity” are investigated in relation with the period in which they are used: the concepts change as the processes take place. The mediations of traditional populations in the northern coast of Espírito Santo with the external society are studied since the 19th century: we observe a process that had as its logical goal their integration into the “mass of the civilized population” as workforce, at the same time when their territories were expropriated, as land became autonomous as a commodity. This integration did not happen exactly as planned, but the projects did move processes in reality. In the twentieth century, there are many modernizing projects and actions concerning this northern coast of Espírito Santo, which, for a long time, was considered a “decadent” region with “obsolete” social relations. Planning is consolidated through universities and other developmental institutions. We seek to explain and criticize the theoretical foundations of geography and other sciences that planned this modernization in rational terms in the 20th century. In the 1970s and 1980s, some territories on the north coast underwent a more accelerated modernization with the eucalyptus export complex and other “regional development” enterprises. At the same time, in certain contexts, external threats intensify the struggles of traditional populations. More recently, the paradigm shift from the processes of colonization of “virgin lands” and “civilizing the indigenous” to the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples, quilombolas and other traditional populations summarizes the changes between the long process of modernization led by a planning State – the latter also in the process of formation – and a more recent period characterized by a crisis-managing State. In this more recent moment, we analyze the conflicts and controversies about large port projects designed and/or implemented on the north coast, given the supposed vocation of Espírito Santo for ports and exportation. Large ports justify themselves socially by generating expectations of job creation, but actually these ports mobilize increasingly fewer local people as workers.
A organização territorial e produtiva da indústria do petróleo: o caso do grupo Petrobras no Brasil e no Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-09-28) Ferreira, Francismar Cunha; Zanotelli, Cláudio Luiz; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2070-1109; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0578606908675706; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5232-8815; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1537196114252063; Brandão, Carlos Antonio; Dota, Ednelson Mariano; https://orcid.org/0000000287260424; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9655853731005120; Pereira Júnior, Edilson Alves; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4734-5500; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8397396453209398; Pessanha, Roberto Moraes
This thesis analyzes the oil and gas spatial circuit production of the Petrobras economic group in the national territory, particulary in Espírito Santo state. It assumes that this circuit implies in a singular and multidimensional territorial configuration and organization. It is unique since it structures in the territory a broad and differentiated network of infrastructure, productive units and workforce that move, articulate and integrate, through material and immaterial flows, different territorial fractions, agents and scales implying different effects in the geographical space as polarizations and hierarchizations. Moreover, its multidimensionality feature is due to the fact that the circuit presents together elements that are economic, spatiotemporal, political, and also geopolitical, among others. Methodologically, besides the bibliographic review on economic geography, mainly on economic group and spatial circuit of production, data was gathered from ANP, IBGE, Petrobras, Transparency Portal, RAIS, fieldwork and interviews with Petrobras' own workers and outsourced workers. Hence, the hypothesis raised in this research was confirmed. The uniqueness of the configuration and territorial organization is due to the dispersed way it is spread throughout the national area and Espírito Santo state, but at the same time, concentrated in productive fields and in the metropolises, which form the nodes / poles of the circuit. The latter establish a set of flows and relationships that reveal, on the one hand, a hierarchy in the circuit where the city of Rio de Janeiro is the main node/pole, followed by the metropolises that host Petrobras Business Units such as Vitória-ES, along with specialized operational bases as Macaé-RJ. Nevertheless, in what concerns to the multidimensional aspect, one notices marked spatiotemporal transformations in the circuit, specially from 2016, when a new phase of the Brazilian oil industry begins that we named "The deverticalization of Petrobras and the new regulations of the oil and gas sector in Brazil". Such phase is characterized by the intensification of neoliberalism that has implied deep, fast and abrupt transformations in the circuit that are internal and external to Petrobras, which are evidenced basically from changes in regulatory frameworks and the privatization of assets of the economic group. Besides thiat, the economic dimension stands out, expressed specially by the disputes around oil revenues in the form of royalties and special participation. These ones are unequally distributed throughout the country and in Espírito Santo, being significantly concentrated in the coastal states and municipalities in the Southeast, which are adjacent to the main oil-producing fields in the pre-salt region. This unbalance in the distribution of these rents was even questioned in a specific historical and political context, which led to a change in the rules for their distribution. Yet, because of, among other things, disputes among political forces, the effects of the new rules were suspended, then making it possible to maintain the concentration of rents in certain areas, keeping petrorentilism and reaffirming not only the inequalities and imbalances in the distribution of rents, but also territorial inequalities.

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