Doutorado em Genética e Melhoramento
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início: 2013
Conceito atual na CAPES: 5
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE/CES Parecer nº 250/2014, portaria nº 187 de 06/03/2015, publicado no DOU de 09/03/2015 seção 1, página 11
Periodicidade de seleção: Semestral
Área(s) de concentração: Genética e Melhoramento
Url do curso: https://geneticaemelhoramento.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGGM/detalhes-do-curso?id=1416
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Submissões Recentes
- ItemObtenção de híbridos de capsicum sp. com potencial ornamental e resistência ao colletotrichum scovillei(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-07-25) Peterle, Mariana Almeida Dos Santos; Bento, Cíntia dos Santos; https://orcid.org/0000000316394166; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4236145191829946; https://orcid.org/0000000257945529; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8005504621519299; Ferreira, Adesio; https://orcid.org/0000000270001725; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5400370038397801; Sudré, Cláudia Pombo; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6743-7205; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4185732042391423; Xavier, André da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000000292510301; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5661020509713522; Oliveira, Fabio Luiz de; https://orcid.org/0000000217116988; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8904451083627425Peppers of the genus Capsicum have shown increasing interest in the ornamental plant market. The growth of its production and sale is related to the diversity of colors of the fruits, flowers and leaves, the compact architecture and the ease of harvesting the fruits. These plants are frequently affected by phytopathogenic diseases, such as anthracnose, caused by fungi of the genus Colletotrichum. Thus, it is necessary to search for cultivars that have ornamental potential and are resistant to anthracnose. This study aimed to carry out Value of Cultivation and Use (VCU) trials for seven Capsicum sp. hybrids, to evaluate their reaction to the fungus C. scovillei for the future registration of at least one of them in the National Cultivars Registry (RNC). The trials were carried out in two periods of the year. In the morphoagronomic characterizations, 47 characters were evaluated, 32 qualitative and 15 quantitative, in 16 different genotypes. The different genotypes were composed by the hybrids, the parents and the commercial checks ‘Espaguetinho Ornamental’ and ‘Pirâmide Ornamental’. Anthracnose resistance tests were carried on unripe and ripe fruits, on the 16 genotypes and on the Ikeda controls, considered susceptible to anthracnose, and UENF 1381, considered resistant. In addition, questionnaires were applied to find out the preference of 50 respondents in relation to the consumption of ornamental peppers. Most genotypes showed an intermediate growth habit and the presence of anthocyanin pigment at the height of the nodes. Stem color varied between green and green with purple stripes. The leaves of the plants showed a lanceolate shape for most genotypes. Most plants had one flower per axil, and the corolla color was white, white with a violet margin, violet with a white base, or violet. The genotypes UFES 15, UFES 23, 15x89, 23x40, 89x15 and the control ‘Pirâmide Ornamental’ were more closely related to the quantitative traits related to plant productivity, and showed less susceptibility to the fungus C. scovillei. Parents UFES 29, UFES 56, UFES 87, UFES 89 and hybrids 23x56, 29x40 and 87x40 showed a greater relationship with the characteristics crown diameter, stem diameter, plant height and stem length. All parents and hybrids were precocious in relation to ornamental controls, with less days for flowering and fruiting after transplanting. The hybrids 89x15 and 15x89 were chosen as preferred by the interviewed public. Parents UFES 15, UFES 23 and hybrids 15x89, 23x40, 23x56 and 89x15 present a greater number of characteristics required for the ornamental pepper market. These genotypes also demonstrated greater resistence to anthracnose. The 15x89, 23x40 and 89x15 hybrids are good candidates for RNC registration, and the UFES 15 and UFES 23 parents can be explored in future studies.
- ItemMorpho-anatomical leaf and morphological floral traits in Coffea spp. genotypes(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-07-31) Silva, Laricia Olária Emerick; Partelli, Fabio Luiz; https://orcid.org/0000000288300846; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6730543200776161; https://orcid.org/0000000166382513; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1283324381169032; Senra, João Felipe de Brites; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7915-2821; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2268398576674753; Ribeiro, Ana Isabel Faria; Semedo, José Manuel Ferreira NobreCoffee farming plays a crucial role in the global economy and society by promoting direct and indirect employment. Coffee breeding programs have been dedicated to developing cultivars capable of overcoming various challenges in coffee production. In this regard, the phenotypic characterization of individuals within a population is essential for selecting individuals with desirable traits. The objective of this work was to investigate morpho-anatomical leaf and morphological floral traits in Coffea spp. and explore the genetic and environmental effects on these traits. To attain this objective, this work consists of three chapters. In the first chapter, the objective was to evaluate the potential of leaf anatomical traits, along with agronomic traits, for studying genetic variability in genotypes of two registered cultivars of C. canephora. Eight agronomic traits and seven leaf anatomic traits were evaluated in ten genotypes of C. canephora. Significant differences among the genotypes were observed for 13 out of the 15 traits (P < 0.05). These results evidenced the heterogeneity among the studied cultivars. Leaf anatomic traits showed the highest variations compared to agronomic traits. Five out of the seven leaf anatomical traits presented heritability values higher than 80%, with emphasis on stomatal density (95.69%) and stomatal pore length (92.72%). Cluster analysis used the Mahalanobis general distance (D2 ) as a measure of genetic dissimilarity and divided the genotypes into two distinct groups. The inclusion of leaf anatomic traits to characterize C. canephora genotypes may assist plant breeders with better genetic discrimination and with greater security in plant selection when composing cultivars. In the second chapter, the objective was to study morphological floral traits of four genotypes of C. canephora and one of C. arabica cultivated at two different altitudes (36 and 1100 m.a.s.l.). The experiment comprised coffee plantations of both species at two altitudes (and their different climatic conditions), cultivated under in full sun exposure management. The number of petals and stamens varied between five and six in C. canephora, but the number of petals and stamens was always five in C. arabica. At two altitudes, Beira Rio 8 (C. canephora) genotype stood out for presenting the highest averages for all size traits related to corolla, and stigmatic lobes. The variability in floral morphology among C. canephora genotypes was not greater at high- than at low-altitude. Overall, flower size of all studied C. canephora and C. arabica genotypes was larger at low- than at high-altitude, but the stigmatic lobes length and the ratio between stigmatic lobe length and style length and partly the ratio between anther length and stamen length were greater at high-altitude. C. arabica flowers were smaller and mostly irresponsive to altitude, in contrast with C. canephora flowers. Conducting studies on morphological traits of flowers at a greater number of altitudes can provide better insights into the potential use of these traits in viii studies of adaptability and stability of Coffea spp. genotypes to different environmental conditions, and thus contribute to genetic breeding efforts to achieve resilience of coffee cultivation in the current scenarios of climate change. In the third chapter, the objective was to identify key morphological floral traits to optimize studies of phenotypic variability and thus save time in the process of developing new cultivars. Nine floral traits were measured in 760 flowers. It was proven that the flower phenology can be used to differentiate Coffea spp. genotypes. Some C. canephora genotypes showed the largest floral structures (Beira Rio 8, Guarani, 8R, and Clementino), while the genotypes with the smallest floral structures were genotypes belonging to the same species (Z8, Verdim D, Ouro Negro 1, Tardio C, NV8, Ouro Negro 2, Bamburral, LB1, and Peneirão). Among the nine evaluated floral traits, the five - petal length, anther length, stamen length, style length, and stigmatic lobe length - were strongly correlated with the traits of the greatest weight for data variability. The correlated traits had little contribution to the data variability, permitting that their exclusion had not compromised the inference of morphological flower variability in Coffea spp. genotypes. This suggested that studies aiming at differing the Coffea spp. genotypes based on floral structures may consider the four studied traits, tube length, tube diameter, corolla diameter, and the number of floral appendages (petals or stamens). The reduction of nine to these four traits can optimize time and efficiency in data collection. In the future works, the association of selected flower morphological traits with traits related to Coffea spp. production could additionally move ahead the process of coffee breeding programs.
- ItemExpressão gênica e características bioquímicas de genótipos de Coffea canephora submetidos a diferentes condições hídricas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-04-25) Santiliano, Fabiano Costa; Soares, Tais Cristina Bastos; https://orcid.org/0000000163567993; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6580031598802359; https://orcid.org/0000000307157935; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4050793023838172; Souza, Gilza Barcelos de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9483-7076; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3362173050097646; Lorenzoni, Rodrigo Monte; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6833-7692; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0777442719925154; Souza, Lucimara Cruz de; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5795-7960; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3493148446287122Coffee is a crop of great importance to the economic scenario of Brazil and the world. With predictions of climate change, especially related to water deficit, there has been an increasing search for materials more adapted to drought. This study aimed to evaluate the molecular responses through differential gene expression of CcMPR1, RBCS1, and CcGolS1 genes, as well as the biochemical responses of 14 young progenies of C. canephora, aiming to identify genotypes with better performance under water deficit conditions. The study was conducted in a greenhouse using a randomized block design with 14 treatments (genotypes) and two factors (irrigated and deficit), divided into three blocks, totaling 84 experimental plants for molecular analyses, and divided into four blocks, totaling 112 experimental plants for biochemical analyses. These genotypes were subjected to water deficit by gradually and prolonged irrigation limitation for subsequent evaluation of the expression levels of CcMPR1, RBCS1, and CcGolS1 genes, all involved in the coffee plant's response to drought. The behavior of the genotypes was also evaluated regarding the biochemical parameters of nitrate composition, organic nitrogen, proline, and leaf phenolic compounds under irrigated conditions, moderate water deficit, severe water deficit, and post-rehydration recovery. According to the gene expression analyses, it is possible to observe that the CcMPR1, RBCS1, and CcGolS1 genes showed differential expression under the different water deficit conditions to which the genotypes were subjected, also showing that the majority of genotypes were able to recover after rehydration. The levels of organic nitrogen and proline were the biochemical parameters that showed the greatest differences among genotypes and could be used as markers of water stress, indicating the adoption of osmoregulation mechanisms in response to drought.
- ItemATRIBUTOS RADICULARES, FOLIARES E PRODUTIVOS EM DIVERSOS GENÓTIPOS CULTIVADOS DE Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-04-28) Schmidt, Raquel; Partelli, Fabio Luiz; https://orcid.org/0000000288300846; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6730543200776161; https://orcid.org/0000000203741563; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Ferreira, Marcia Flores da Silva; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5719813884063445; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Campostrini, Eliemar; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Ramalho, José Cochichoabstract
- ItemMUDANÇAS E DIFERENÇAS EPIGENÉTICAS NA ORGANOGÊNESE E EMBRIOGÊNSE SOMÁTICA EM PASSIFLORA: INFLUÊNCIA DO EXPLANTE E DAS CONDIÇÕES IN VITRO(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-08-26) Leite, Cristiana Torres; Fontes, Milene Miranda Praca; https://orcid.org/0000000177389518; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1372644511398549; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7036-4200; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2070518226531886; Clarindo, Wellington Ronildo; https://orcid.org/0000000288268620; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0339970047422716; Oliveira, Stéfanie Cristina de; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8350-2601; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6404885772178652; Werner, Elias Terra; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7781-4342; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3268068963656927; Oliveira, Joao Paulo de Morais; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9780-9807; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8146032394984908The development of in vitro plants can be influenced by several factors, among them the explant source, the cultivation conditions and the global methylation of the genomic DNA. It is known that in species of Passiflora L. genus, different morphogenic responses are observed under the same conditions in vitro. Therefore, other factors may influence the response, such as the genetic, physiological and epigenetic aspects of the explant. We aim here to establish the in vitro morphogenesis process for three species of the genus Passiflora in order to verify and compare the influence of explant types, cultivation conditions and the global level of 5-methylcytosine. Our results showed that in Passiflora miniata the regeneration was through indirect somatic embryogenesis pathway, with the highest number of somatic embryos formed from immature zygotic embryos, in the absence of growth regulators and activated charcoal. Furthermore, the overall level of 5-methylcytosine decreased in the regeneration stage. In Passiflora cristalina and Passiflora foetida, the morphogenic pathway was indirect organogenesis, with the highest bud formation triggered by the use of mature zygotic embryos, the presence of growth regulators and activated charcoal, as well as the increase in the global level of 5-methylcytosine in the regeneration stage. From these different responses, we evidenced the influence of the developmental stage of the zygotic embryo, the use of growth regulators and activated charcoal and, for the first time, the global level of 5-methylcytosine during the in vitro development of Passiflora species.