Doutorado em Genética e Melhoramento
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início: 2013
Conceito atual na CAPES: 5
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE/CES Parecer nº 250/2014, portaria nº 187 de 06/03/2015, publicado no DOU de 09/03/2015 seção 1, página 11
Periodicidade de seleção: Semestral
Área(s) de concentração: Genética e Melhoramento
Url do curso: https://geneticaemelhoramento.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGGM/detalhes-do-curso?id=1416
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- ItemVariabilidade, seleção e associação genômica ampla para características de produção em café conilon(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-03-12) Couto, Diego Pereira do; Ferreira, Marcia Flores da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1541-6634; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5719813884063445; Oliveira, Lidiane dos Santos Gomes; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1245-7633; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8764402842768778; Bernardes, Carolina de Oliveira; Feirreira, Adésio; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7000-1725; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5400370038397801; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5660-7413; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4518653765839020; Zaidan, Iasmine Ramos; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9115-4504; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1730496208019615; Souza, Elaine Manelli Riva; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2067-8220; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2280132329500638; Amaral Júnior, Antônio Teixeira do ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4831-7878; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5063486824345109; Senra, João Felipe de Brites; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7915-2821; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2268398576674753O Brasil é importante produtor global de Coffea canephora e o estado do Espírito Santo é o maior produtor nacional entregando cerca de 70% do total produzido no país. Este estudo avaliou 441 genótipos ao longo de dois anos, combinando análises fenotípicas e genômicas com o objetivo de realizar a seleção genômica e identificar associações genômicas amplas para características de produção em café conilon, a fim de contribuir para o desenvolvimento sustentável da cafeicultura, melhorar a produtividade dos genótipos dessa variedade e, assim, fortalecer a economia agrícola. Dentre estes genótipos 436 são de origem seminal e cinco são clones comerciais (A1, RO, P2, Verdin e RBS). As sementes foram coletadas de lavouras antigas no sul do Espírito Santo nos municípios de Alegre, Jerônimo Monteiro, Muqui, Mimoso do Sul e São Jose do Calçado. A fenotipagem foi realizada para sete características de produção, por dois anos, em um experimento no município de Mimoso do Sul, enquanto a genotipagem, baseada no método DArTseq™, permitiu a identificação de SNPs. O experimento foi implantado em 2018 em delineamento de Blocos Aumentados de Federer. Modelos mistos via REML/BLUP foram utilizados para estimar parâmetros genéticos, prever valores genotípicos e explorar a variabilidade. A análise de associação genômica ampla (GWAS) identificou 385 SNPs significativamente associados as características produtivas, sendo que 283 estavam inseridos ou próximos a genes candidatos. Esses SNPs revelaram relações com o desenvolvimento da planta e respostas a estresses, evidenciando o potencial da seleção assistida por marcadores nos programas de melhoramento do cafeeiro. A aplicação da Seleção Genômica Ampla (GWS) confirmou a eficiência da predição genômica na seleção de genótipos produtivos. Características como comprimento de ramos plagiotrópicos e peso de cem grãos apresentaram alta herdabilidade, garantindo maior precisão na seleção. Os genótipos 173.7.5, G114.5, G114.4 e G133.3 destacaram-se com ganhos expressivos, superando clones comerciais. Assim, a integração de análises fenotípicas e genômicas reforça o potencial das ferramentas (GWS e GWAS) para acelerar o melhoramento do C. canephora, contribuindo para a obtenção de cultivares mais produtivas e adaptadas
- ItemGenótipos seminais de matrizes antigas de Coffea canephora do sul do Espírito Santo: qualidade da bebida, diversidade genética, estrutura populacional e associação genômica ampla(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-02-18) Silva, Matheus Alves; Ferreira, Marcia Flores da Silva; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-1541-6634; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5719813884063445; Azevedo, Camila Ferreira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0438-5123 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Ferreira, Adésio; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-7000-1725 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5400370038397801; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4992-9588; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4612290307365842; Ferreira, Marcia Flores da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1541-6634; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5719813884063445; Fontes, Milene Miranda Praça; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7738-9518; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1372644511398549; Oliveira, Eder Jorge de; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8992-7459; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3533844615312370; Cecon, Paulo Roberto; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8213-0199; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4525265173613927; Alexandre, Rodrigo Sobreira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5248-6773; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5340049196888351Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner) was introduced to southern Espírito Santo in the early 20th century. Since the 1990s, old plantations have been renewed with clonal varieties, potentially reducing the genetic base. Thus, characterizing and preserving historical germplasm is critical, as it represents a potential source of genetic variability for breeding programs. This study aimed to evaluate seed-propagated genotypes of C. canephora derived from selected parent plants of old plantations in southern Espírito Santo, focusing on three aspects: (i) sensory attributes, final scores, and sensory profiles; (ii) genetic diversity and population structure; (iii) genome-wide association study (GWAS) for beverage quality traits. The experiment was established in April 2018 in Mimoso do Sul (ES), using Federer’s augmented block design with 1,940 plants distributed into 388 half sibling families and five commercial clones as controls. Beverage quality was assessed in 172 genotypes over two production years (2022 and 2023). For genetic diversity and population structure analysis, 649 genotypes (447 from the experiment and 202 provided by other institutions, including Conilon, Robusta, and morphological intermediates) were evaluated using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated by DArTseq™. GWAS included 370 experimental genotypes. All genotypes achieved a "Fine" classification (mean score: 81.92; range: 80.81–84.08). Attributes such as uniformity and clean cup received maximum scores, indicating defect-free profiles. Genotype clustering resulted in 11 groups, with commercial clones distributed across two clusters. Forty-eight sensory profiles were identified within the flavor wheel, along with 25 additional profiles not represented in the wheel, with varying predominance. Significant correlations were observed between sensory attributes/profiles and final scores. For genetic diversity and population structure, six clusters and K = 3 ancestral groups were identified using 1,654 SNPs. Cluster 1 (523 genotypes) comprised most seed-propagated genotypes from old plantations and commercial varieties. Cluster 4, containing intermediate genotypes, exhibited high heterozygosity (0.37) and negative FIS (-0.73), suggesting outbreeding. High FST values (0.80 and 0.71) indicated strong genetic divergence between cluster 1 (predominantly Conilon) and clusters 5–6 (mostly Robusta), composed of distinct ancestral groups. GWAS identified 246 significantly associated SNPs: 68 for final score, 40 for fragrance/aroma, 34 for flavor, 19 for aftertaste, 21 for acidity/saltiness, 11 for mouthfeel, 22 for balance, 15 for bitterness/sweetness, and 16 for overall quality. Of these, 148 SNPs were located on chromosomes 1–11, with 83 situated in gene sequences. Putative gene functions were annotated, and some markers were associated with multiple traits. Collectively, the results underscore the potential of southern Espírito Santo’s remnant germplasm for C. canephora breeding programs, combining superior sensory quality with genetic diversity. These genotypes are strategic resources for germplasm banks, safeguarding diversity against future challenges. The identified chromosomal regions enable marker-assisted selection for key beverage traits, optimizing the development of elite cultivars through precise genomic tools.
- ItemObtenção de híbridos de capsicum sp. com potencial ornamental e resistência ao colletotrichum scovillei(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-07-25) Peterle, Mariana Almeida Dos Santos; Bento, Cíntia dos Santos; https://orcid.org/0000000316394166; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4236145191829946; https://orcid.org/0000000257945529; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8005504621519299; Ferreira, Adesio; https://orcid.org/0000000270001725; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5400370038397801; Sudré, Cláudia Pombo; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6743-7205; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4185732042391423; Xavier, André da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000000292510301; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5661020509713522; Oliveira, Fabio Luiz de; https://orcid.org/0000000217116988; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8904451083627425Peppers of the genus Capsicum have shown increasing interest in the ornamental plant market. The growth of its production and sale is related to the diversity of colors of the fruits, flowers and leaves, the compact architecture and the ease of harvesting the fruits. These plants are frequently affected by phytopathogenic diseases, such as anthracnose, caused by fungi of the genus Colletotrichum. Thus, it is necessary to search for cultivars that have ornamental potential and are resistant to anthracnose. This study aimed to carry out Value of Cultivation and Use (VCU) trials for seven Capsicum sp. hybrids, to evaluate their reaction to the fungus C. scovillei for the future registration of at least one of them in the National Cultivars Registry (RNC). The trials were carried out in two periods of the year. In the morphoagronomic characterizations, 47 characters were evaluated, 32 qualitative and 15 quantitative, in 16 different genotypes. The different genotypes were composed by the hybrids, the parents and the commercial checks ‘Espaguetinho Ornamental’ and ‘Pirâmide Ornamental’. Anthracnose resistance tests were carried on unripe and ripe fruits, on the 16 genotypes and on the Ikeda controls, considered susceptible to anthracnose, and UENF 1381, considered resistant. In addition, questionnaires were applied to find out the preference of 50 respondents in relation to the consumption of ornamental peppers. Most genotypes showed an intermediate growth habit and the presence of anthocyanin pigment at the height of the nodes. Stem color varied between green and green with purple stripes. The leaves of the plants showed a lanceolate shape for most genotypes. Most plants had one flower per axil, and the corolla color was white, white with a violet margin, violet with a white base, or violet. The genotypes UFES 15, UFES 23, 15x89, 23x40, 89x15 and the control ‘Pirâmide Ornamental’ were more closely related to the quantitative traits related to plant productivity, and showed less susceptibility to the fungus C. scovillei. Parents UFES 29, UFES 56, UFES 87, UFES 89 and hybrids 23x56, 29x40 and 87x40 showed a greater relationship with the characteristics crown diameter, stem diameter, plant height and stem length. All parents and hybrids were precocious in relation to ornamental controls, with less days for flowering and fruiting after transplanting. The hybrids 89x15 and 15x89 were chosen as preferred by the interviewed public. Parents UFES 15, UFES 23 and hybrids 15x89, 23x40, 23x56 and 89x15 present a greater number of characteristics required for the ornamental pepper market. These genotypes also demonstrated greater resistence to anthracnose. The 15x89, 23x40 and 89x15 hybrids are good candidates for RNC registration, and the UFES 15 and UFES 23 parents can be explored in future studies.
- ItemMorpho-anatomical leaf and morphological floral traits in Coffea spp. genotypes(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-07-31) Silva, Laricia Olária Emerick; Partelli, Fabio Luiz; https://orcid.org/0000000288300846; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6730543200776161; https://orcid.org/0000000166382513; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1283324381169032; Senra, João Felipe de Brites; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7915-2821; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2268398576674753; Ribeiro, Ana Isabel Faria; Semedo, José Manuel Ferreira NobreCoffee farming plays a crucial role in the global economy and society by promoting direct and indirect employment. Coffee breeding programs have been dedicated to developing cultivars capable of overcoming various challenges in coffee production. In this regard, the phenotypic characterization of individuals within a population is essential for selecting individuals with desirable traits. The objective of this work was to investigate morpho-anatomical leaf and morphological floral traits in Coffea spp. and explore the genetic and environmental effects on these traits. To attain this objective, this work consists of three chapters. In the first chapter, the objective was to evaluate the potential of leaf anatomical traits, along with agronomic traits, for studying genetic variability in genotypes of two registered cultivars of C. canephora. Eight agronomic traits and seven leaf anatomic traits were evaluated in ten genotypes of C. canephora. Significant differences among the genotypes were observed for 13 out of the 15 traits (P < 0.05). These results evidenced the heterogeneity among the studied cultivars. Leaf anatomic traits showed the highest variations compared to agronomic traits. Five out of the seven leaf anatomical traits presented heritability values higher than 80%, with emphasis on stomatal density (95.69%) and stomatal pore length (92.72%). Cluster analysis used the Mahalanobis general distance (D2 ) as a measure of genetic dissimilarity and divided the genotypes into two distinct groups. The inclusion of leaf anatomic traits to characterize C. canephora genotypes may assist plant breeders with better genetic discrimination and with greater security in plant selection when composing cultivars. In the second chapter, the objective was to study morphological floral traits of four genotypes of C. canephora and one of C. arabica cultivated at two different altitudes (36 and 1100 m.a.s.l.). The experiment comprised coffee plantations of both species at two altitudes (and their different climatic conditions), cultivated under in full sun exposure management. The number of petals and stamens varied between five and six in C. canephora, but the number of petals and stamens was always five in C. arabica. At two altitudes, Beira Rio 8 (C. canephora) genotype stood out for presenting the highest averages for all size traits related to corolla, and stigmatic lobes. The variability in floral morphology among C. canephora genotypes was not greater at high- than at low-altitude. Overall, flower size of all studied C. canephora and C. arabica genotypes was larger at low- than at high-altitude, but the stigmatic lobes length and the ratio between stigmatic lobe length and style length and partly the ratio between anther length and stamen length were greater at high-altitude. C. arabica flowers were smaller and mostly irresponsive to altitude, in contrast with C. canephora flowers. Conducting studies on morphological traits of flowers at a greater number of altitudes can provide better insights into the potential use of these traits in viii studies of adaptability and stability of Coffea spp. genotypes to different environmental conditions, and thus contribute to genetic breeding efforts to achieve resilience of coffee cultivation in the current scenarios of climate change. In the third chapter, the objective was to identify key morphological floral traits to optimize studies of phenotypic variability and thus save time in the process of developing new cultivars. Nine floral traits were measured in 760 flowers. It was proven that the flower phenology can be used to differentiate Coffea spp. genotypes. Some C. canephora genotypes showed the largest floral structures (Beira Rio 8, Guarani, 8R, and Clementino), while the genotypes with the smallest floral structures were genotypes belonging to the same species (Z8, Verdim D, Ouro Negro 1, Tardio C, NV8, Ouro Negro 2, Bamburral, LB1, and Peneirão). Among the nine evaluated floral traits, the five - petal length, anther length, stamen length, style length, and stigmatic lobe length - were strongly correlated with the traits of the greatest weight for data variability. The correlated traits had little contribution to the data variability, permitting that their exclusion had not compromised the inference of morphological flower variability in Coffea spp. genotypes. This suggested that studies aiming at differing the Coffea spp. genotypes based on floral structures may consider the four studied traits, tube length, tube diameter, corolla diameter, and the number of floral appendages (petals or stamens). The reduction of nine to these four traits can optimize time and efficiency in data collection. In the future works, the association of selected flower morphological traits with traits related to Coffea spp. production could additionally move ahead the process of coffee breeding programs.
- ItemAtributos radiculares, foliares e produtivos em diversos genótipos cultivados de Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-04-28) Schmidt, Raquel; Partelli, Fabio Luiz; https://orcid.org/0000000288300846; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6730543200776161; https://orcid.org/0000000203741563; Ferreira, Marcia Flores da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5719813884063445; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Campostrini, Eliemar; Ramalho, José CochichoThe objective of this work was to study the root system in the soil profile of 16 robusta coffee genotypes cultivated in the Brazilian Amazon and to estimate the genetic parameters. The evaluations took place in Alta Floresta D'Oeste, Rondônia, Brazil. A volume of 27 cm3 of soil and roots was collected separately at every 10 cm depth up to 60 cm, and removed at a standard distance of 30 cm from the plant stem in the planting row of 16 robusta coffee genotypes. The roots obtained were washed, digitized and processed in the Sapphire program, and the root volume per soil volume, surface area, diameter and length of the roots were quantified. Then they were grouped by the hierarchical method UPGMA and Toucher. The characteristics of the aerial part of the plant were evaluated and correlated with the characteristics of the roots. The root system of the 16 genotypes was mainly concentrated in the layer 0 – 30 cm of the soil, comprising 80% of the root volume. The LB015 genotype showed greater root volume in the layers up to 30-40 cm. The largest volumes presented in the 50-60 cm layer were from the AS10 and AS4 genotypes with values 36.24 and 55.13 (mm³ cm-3), respectively. The heritability indexes (h²) obtained values close to 100%. Through UPGMA and Toucher analysis, it was possible to group the genotypes into four groups, with LB015 remaining isolated (group IV). Positive correlations were observed between the characteristics of the root system. The root system of the 16 evaluated genotypes was mainly concentrated in the 0 – 30 cm layer of the soil, comprising 80% of the root volume. However, nine genotypes can be considered promising for genetic improvement aiming at tolerance to water deficit, as they present greater volumes of roots in the deeper layers of the soil, having been grouped in a separate group of the diversity analysis.