Doutorado em Biologia Vegetal

URI Permanente para esta coleção

http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17505

Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início: 2013
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE (Portaria MEC Nº 609, de 14/03/2019. Publicação no DOU 18 de março de 2019, seç. 1, p.63 - Parecer CNE/CES nº 14/03/2019, Processo no 23001.000335/2018-51).
Periodicidade de seleção: Anual
Url do curso: https://biologiavegetal.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGBV/detalhes-do-curso?id=99

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    Fluorescência da clorofila a como ferramenta para monitoramento ambiental em restinga
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-05-27) Silva Junior, Romário de Oliveira; Silva, Diolina Moura ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-280X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0341541450627705; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2044-3661; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2462240761208325; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-7673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8029279967950425; Rodrigues, Maisa Isabela ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2654-8245; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0157130804112993; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; Nesi, Adriano Nunes; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9581-9355; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4220071266183271; Menino, Maria Regina Rodrigues de Sousa Botelho de Gusmão Valério ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9284-5366; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
    The rupture of the Fundão Dam in 2015 released about 50 million m³ of mining waste into the Rio Doce basin, marking a significant event in Brazil's environmental history. This disaster caused severe impacts on adjacent ecosystems, including the Restinga vegetation, which plays a crucial role in coastal protection and pollutant filtration. This study investigated the long-term ecological impacts of the disaster using chlorophyll a fluorescence (FChl) as a sensitive and precise method to monitor the phytotoxic effects of metal contamination in the Restinga ecosystem. Common herbaceous species in the Restinga—Blutaparon portulacoides, Canavalia rosea, Ipomoea imperati, Ipomoea pes caprae, and Scaevola plumieri—were selected to evaluate temporal changes in metal concentrations in their leaves and the effects on photosynthetic metabolism. The experiments included in situ studies to monitor metal concentrations and their effects on photosynthesis over three years, and ex situ experiments with plants cultivated in greenhouses subjected to different concentrations of formulated nutrient solutions. A gradual increase in metal levels was observed during periods of higher precipitation and Rio Doce flow, with I. pes-caprae showing higher values of the Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF). The plants showed an increase in Photosystem I (PSI) activity to compensate for inhibitory effects on Photosystem II (PSII), particularly during periods of higher contaminant exposure. This adjustment involved increased cyclic electron transport, regulating the energy balance between ATP and NADPH and neutralizing oxidative damage. The stress tolerance mechanisms in situ could be mimicked under different mineral stress conditions, conducted through two ex situ experiments. In the first experiment, the best nutritional solution was determined to investigate different contaminants in Restinga plants. A nutrient solution formulated at 75% ionic strength showed higher accumulation of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sodium (Na), and changes in chlorophyll a fluorescence in the first ten days of treatment, indicating a rapid photochemical adjustment during the initial days of nutritional alteration. The JIP test parameters stood out for distinguishing between treatments, although the performance indices (PITOTAL and PIABS) did not allow for such distinction, suggesting the action of regulatory mechanisms to maintain energy and avoid photoinhibition. Additionally, a second ex situ study focused on Canavalia rosea, which was cultivated with nutrient solution and subjected to high concentrations of Cu, Mn, and Zn. The results revealed that Cu had the most deleterious effect on photosynthetic attributes, while Zn stimulated protective mechanisms. FChl indicated inhibition of electron transport and increased energy dissipation, evidencing photochemical damage. The increased production of phenolic compounds suggested an antioxidant response to stress caused by these metals. Chlorophyll a fluorescence proved to be an effective tool for monitoring the impacts of mineral waste contamination in the Restinga ecosystem. The Restinga plants developed adaptive mechanisms, such as cyclic electron transport, to mitigate oxidative damage and maintain photosynthetic productivity during mineral stress both in situ and ex situ. This study provides valuable insights for the conservation and rehabilitation of fragile ecosystems affected by environmental disasters
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    Algas marinhas e melatonina na indução da tolerância ao calor e déficit hídrico no mamoeiro e pimenteira-do-reino
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-02-28) Ferreira, Thayanne Rangel; Falqueto, Antelmo Ralph; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-1873 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2005727951505420; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-3887 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2774515498172723; Silva, Diolina Moura; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-280X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0341541450627705; Milanez, Camilla Rozindo Dias; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9516-2031; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1288447995978779; Souza, Thiago Corrêa de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4991-7704 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2834667104138232
    Abiotic stresses cause physiological and biochemical imbalances, such as stomatal closure, reduced photosynthesis, alterations in water balance, biomass allocation, and carbohydrate metabolism, ultimately compromising plant growth and productivity. One strategy to minimize the effects of these stresses in agriculture is the use of biostimulants. This study aimed to develop and validate sustainable strategies using seaweed extracts and melatonin to mitigate heat and water deficit in plants, promoting crop resilience and contributing to more sustainable and productive agriculture.Three experiments were conducted. The first evaluated two commercial products (Baltiko® and Acadian®), both containing extracts from the seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum, applied to ‘Aliança’ papaya (Carica papaya L.) seedlings. Six doses (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 mL L⁻¹) were applied weekly for four weeks during two distinct periods under moderate and high temperature conditions. The two following studies involved drought and recovery trials with ‘Aliança’ papaya seedlings and black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) v. Bragantina. Prior to the imposition of drought stress, foliar applications of melatonin and seaweed extracts (Ascophyllum nodosum and Lithothamnium calcareum) were carried out. The results showed that the effectiveness of the commercial products Baltiko® and Acadian® varied depending on the dose and climatic conditions. Baltiko® stood out in improving water use efficiency, while Acadian® enhanced gas exchange and boron uptake. Therefore, dose adjustment according to environmental conditions is recommended: 3 mL L⁻¹ under moderate temperatures and 6 mL L⁻¹ under high temperatures. Under heat stress, increased evaporation and vapor pressure deficit reduce product availability to the plant, requiring higher doses to ensure treatment efficacy. Foliar applications of melatonin, A. nodosum, and L. calcareum were effective in mitigating the effects of drought stress in both ‘Aliança’ papaya and Bragantina black pepper seedlings. These treatments promoted higher water retention by lowering leaf water potential and favored the recovery of leaf water potential after rehydration periods. In papaya, chlorophyll a fluorescence revealed that photosynthetic functionality was more affected during the second drought cycle, with inhibition of the photosynthetic apparatus at that stage. In contrast, in black pepper, the greatest impact on photosynthetic performance occurred during the first drought cycle. Water stress reduced chlorophyll content, possibly as a strategy to minimize photo-oxidative damage. Among the tested biostimulants, melatonin and L. calcareum stood out by enhancing vegetative growth, indicating better adaptation to water deficit conditions
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    Fenologia de genótipos de Coffea canephora de diferentes ciclos de maturação
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-02-11) Crasque, Jeane; Milanez, Camilla Rozindo Dias ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9516-2031; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1288447995978779; Arantes, Sara Dousseau ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2731-4195; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0806867434083018; Partelli, Fábio Luiz; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8830-0846; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6730543200776161; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-7673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8029279967950425; Lara, Túlio Silva ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4669-3319; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4770463407331465; Barbosa, João Paulo Rodrigues Alves Delfino ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2624-966X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3726934049618860
    This study aimed to evaluate the phenological development of Coffea canephora genotypes at early, intermediate, and late maturation stages. Three experiments were conducted, focusing on seed quality, phenological development, and leaf characteristics. The study took place at the Experimental Farm of the Capixaba Institute of Research, Technical Assistance, and Rural Extension (INCAPER) in Marilândia in Espírito Santo, Brazil. The first experiment analyzed the seed development of early and late maturation genotypes, aiming to identify maturation progression and physiological quality. The early maturing genotype began germination at 202 days after anthesis (DAA), while the late maturing genotype began at 230 DAA. The optimal harvest point occurred at the cherry maturation stage, with the early genotype reaching maximum physiological quality at 244 DAA and the late genotype at 326 DAA. The second experiment evaluated meteorological data, vegetative and reproductive development of the genotypes. Phenology was recorded from the dormant bud phase to the cherry coffee stage, revealing that all genotypes had a main flowering in September. However, early genotypes had a significant flowering also in July, while the late genotype 143 showed the highest yield. Photoperiod and precipitation were decisive in vegetative growth, with peaks observed in spring and summer. The third experiment assessed leaf development and carbohydrate content. Leaf emission followed a nonlinear logistic model, but with significant differences between genotypes. The genotype 143 exhibited more pronounced leaf growth in the spring, while the others showed greater growth in the summer. Climatic conditions influenced the starch and soluble sugar levels in the leaves, with higher concentrations of reducing sugars during periods of slow growth. It is concluded that the differences between genotypes should be considered when choosing the optimal harvest time, prioritizing the cherry maturation stage. Photoperiod and precipitation are the factors that most affect coffee development, with early-maturing genotypes being more sensitive to climate fluctuations. The study highlights the importance of integrating genetic and climatic factors to optimize coffee production
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    Potencial bioestimulante do extrato de microalgas na germinação e crescimento de culturas agrícolas
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-10-05) Santos, Nair Hildelgard Soares dos; Machado, Levi Pompermayer; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Fernandes, Valéria de Oliveira ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Corte, Viviana Borges ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Almeida, Stéfano Zorzal de ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Alves, Fernanda Brêda ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Dutra, Jean Carlos Vencioneck ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
    Currently the global demographic pressure on agricultural production requires new and sustainable approaches to meet the growing demand for plant biomass for human feed, animal feed and energy production. Therefore, there has been growing interest in natural biostimulant substances in agriculture due to the challenge of balancing technological development with environmental conservation. Microalgae have several biotechnological applications, including biostimulants. In modern agriculture, microalgae are an ecologically correct option to replace chemical fertilizers, as they can be used as biostimulants, soil modifiers and food additives. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of the application of microalgae extracts on the germination and growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), corn (Zea mays L.) and papaya (Carica papaya L.) crops. It was possible to evidence that aqueous extracts obtained from microalgae presented biostimulating growth potential, considering that all seeds used in this study showed positive germ responses. It is noteworthy that most seeds obtained higher germination values, mean time, good speed indices, and better initial performance when submitted to extracts of species of the genus Chlorella, mainly at concentrations 1.0 g/L and 1.5 g/L. For the growth experiment, Scenedesmus acuminatus extract showed efficacy in stimulating the growth of bean plants, considering that plants submitted to this extract obtained higher grain yield per plant and higher number of pods. Thus, it can be affirmed that the biostimulant, when applied by foliar, is capable of promoting the transport of photoassimilates for the seeds, which would result in greater accumulation of mass in the seeds. It is also possible to attribute the positive effect of S. acuminatus extract on the yield and productivity of the bean crop to the availability of micronutrients present in this microalgae. It is necessary to highlight that to evaluate the action of extracts produced from algae, one should consider the agricultural crop to be tested, and concentrations. Because the seeds may present a different physiology and this influences the mechanism of action of the extracts, consequently presenting different responses from those obtained in this study. From the results it is possible to attribute the importance of microalgae in the agricultural sector, for its potential for the development of new biostimulating products of plant growth
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    Efeitos da aplicação de selênio exógeno sobre a fisiologia de mudas de eucalipto cultivadas em condições de salinidade
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-09-28) Santos Junior, Ramon Negrão; Xavier, Talita Miranda Teixeira; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Pezzopane, José Eduardo Macedo; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Werner, Elias Terra; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7781-4342; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Falqueto, Antelmo Ralph; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Vitória, Angela Pierre; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Rodrigues Filho, Josinei; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
    Selenium (Se) is not yet considered an essential element for plant metabolism. However, it is well documented that in adequate doses Se can be beneficial to plants and improve stress tolerance mechanisms. In this scenario, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of applying Se (0, 1, 5 and 25 μM) in two eucalyptus genotypes (VCC 865 and AEC 0144) cultivated or not in saline conditions (0 and 100 mM NaCl). The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design and each genotype consisted of an independent experiment. After 60 days of treatment, growth, biomass, concentration of ions (K+ , Na+ and Ca2+) in plant tissues, chlorophyll a fluorescence, gas exchange and pigment content were evaluated. The data obtained were submitted to ANOVA and compared using the Duncan test (p < 0.05). The observed results showed that salinity significantly affected the height, collar diameter (Dc), biomass, net photosynthetic rate (PN), transpiration rate (TR), stomatal conductance (gs), maximal quantum efficiency of PSII (FV/ FM), the concentration of K+ , Na+ and Ca2+ ions in plant tissues. However, the application of Se was able to increase the concentration of K+ in the roots, reduce the concentration of Na+ in the leaves and attenuate the disturbances observed in the L-band and in the other parameters of the JIP test (Area, ABS/RC, RE0/RC, ϕP0, ψE0, ϕE0, δR0, ϕR0, PIABS e PItotal). The same effects were not observed on the K-band. The content of chloroplast pigments was also not influenced by salinity or Se application. Finally, it was concluded that the application of 1 and 5 μM of Se was able to reduce the concentration of Na+ in the leaves, improving cellular homeostasis, the performance of the light-harvesting complex II and energy conservation in the photosynthetic apparatus of VCC 865 and AEC 0144 seedlings.