Doutorado em Biologia Vegetal
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início: 2013
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE (Portaria MEC Nº 609, de 14/03/2019.
Publicação no DOU 18 de março de 2019, seç. 1, p.63 - Parecer CNE/CES nº 14/03/2019, Processo no 23001.000335/2018-51).
Periodicidade de seleção: Anual
Url do curso: https://biologiavegetal.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGBV/detalhes-do-curso?id=99
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- ItemPotencial bioestimulante do extrato de microalgas na germinação e crescimento de culturas agrícolas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-10-05) Santos, Nair Hildelgard Soares dos; Machado, Levi Pompermayer; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Fernandes, Valéria de Oliveira ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Corte, Viviana Borges ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Almeida, Stéfano Zorzal de ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Alves, Fernanda Brêda ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Dutra, Jean Carlos Vencioneck ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/Currently the global demographic pressure on agricultural production requires new and sustainable approaches to meet the growing demand for plant biomass for human feed, animal feed and energy production. Therefore, there has been growing interest in natural biostimulant substances in agriculture due to the challenge of balancing technological development with environmental conservation. Microalgae have several biotechnological applications, including biostimulants. In modern agriculture, microalgae are an ecologically correct option to replace chemical fertilizers, as they can be used as biostimulants, soil modifiers and food additives. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of the application of microalgae extracts on the germination and growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), corn (Zea mays L.) and papaya (Carica papaya L.) crops. It was possible to evidence that aqueous extracts obtained from microalgae presented biostimulating growth potential, considering that all seeds used in this study showed positive germ responses. It is noteworthy that most seeds obtained higher germination values, mean time, good speed indices, and better initial performance when submitted to extracts of species of the genus Chlorella, mainly at concentrations 1.0 g/L and 1.5 g/L. For the growth experiment, Scenedesmus acuminatus extract showed efficacy in stimulating the growth of bean plants, considering that plants submitted to this extract obtained higher grain yield per plant and higher number of pods. Thus, it can be affirmed that the biostimulant, when applied by foliar, is capable of promoting the transport of photoassimilates for the seeds, which would result in greater accumulation of mass in the seeds. It is also possible to attribute the positive effect of S. acuminatus extract on the yield and productivity of the bean crop to the availability of micronutrients present in this microalgae. It is necessary to highlight that to evaluate the action of extracts produced from algae, one should consider the agricultural crop to be tested, and concentrations. Because the seeds may present a different physiology and this influences the mechanism of action of the extracts, consequently presenting different responses from those obtained in this study. From the results it is possible to attribute the importance of microalgae in the agricultural sector, for its potential for the development of new biostimulating products of plant growth
- ItemEfeitos da aplicação de selênio exógeno sobre a fisiologia de mudas de eucalipto cultivadas em condições de salinidade(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-09-28) Santos Junior, Ramon Negrão; Xavier, Talita Miranda Teixeira; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Pezzopane, José Eduardo Macedo; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Werner, Elias Terra; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7781-4342; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Falqueto, Antelmo Ralph; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Vitória, Angela Pierre; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Rodrigues Filho, Josinei; http://lattes.cnpq.br/Selenium (Se) is not yet considered an essential element for plant metabolism. However, it is well documented that in adequate doses Se can be beneficial to plants and improve stress tolerance mechanisms. In this scenario, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of applying Se (0, 1, 5 and 25 μM) in two eucalyptus genotypes (VCC 865 and AEC 0144) cultivated or not in saline conditions (0 and 100 mM NaCl). The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design and each genotype consisted of an independent experiment. After 60 days of treatment, growth, biomass, concentration of ions (K+ , Na+ and Ca2+) in plant tissues, chlorophyll a fluorescence, gas exchange and pigment content were evaluated. The data obtained were submitted to ANOVA and compared using the Duncan test (p < 0.05). The observed results showed that salinity significantly affected the height, collar diameter (Dc), biomass, net photosynthetic rate (PN), transpiration rate (TR), stomatal conductance (gs), maximal quantum efficiency of PSII (FV/ FM), the concentration of K+ , Na+ and Ca2+ ions in plant tissues. However, the application of Se was able to increase the concentration of K+ in the roots, reduce the concentration of Na+ in the leaves and attenuate the disturbances observed in the L-band and in the other parameters of the JIP test (Area, ABS/RC, RE0/RC, ϕP0, ψE0, ϕE0, δR0, ϕR0, PIABS e PItotal). The same effects were not observed on the K-band. The content of chloroplast pigments was also not influenced by salinity or Se application. Finally, it was concluded that the application of 1 and 5 μM of Se was able to reduce the concentration of Na+ in the leaves, improving cellular homeostasis, the performance of the light-harvesting complex II and energy conservation in the photosynthetic apparatus of VCC 865 and AEC 0144 seedlings.
- ItemEspécies de Piper frente à diferentes tipos de estresses bióticos e abióticos(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-02-26) Cerri Neto, Basílio; Falqueto, Antelmo Ralph; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-1873; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2005727951505420; Arantes, Sara Dousseau ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5778-6185; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6972071879062017; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-7673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8029279967950425; Silva, Diolina Moura ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-280X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0341541450627705; Barbosa, João Paulo Rodrigues Alves Delfino; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2624-966X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3726934049618860; Souza, Thiago Corrêa de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4991-7704; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2834667104138232Brazil is the third largest global producer of black pepper. Despite the economic importance of black pepper, Brazilian production faces significant challenges. Average yield is notably low, with both biotic and abiotic factors impacting productivity. Among the biotic factors, the fungus Fusarium solani f. sp. Piperis, which causes fusariosis, which attacks the root system and can lead to the death of plants. Abiotic factors, such as water deficit and flooding, also drastically reduce production. Resistance to water stress is crucial to face these challenges. Reducing growth in response to resource constraints is a common strategy. Furthermore, flooding represents another concern for producers. Stressed plants save energy for survival, adjusting the distribution of photoassimilates until conditions return to normal. Soil-borne diseases such as fusariosis pose a significant threat to black pepper plantations around the world. Fusarium solani f. sp. Piperis colonizes xylem vessels, interrupting the transport of water and nutrients. Gas exchange assessments were carried out using Irga, chlorophyll a flowering, photosynthetic pigment content, growth and mass accumulation and anatomy analyzes were also carried out. After the drought cycles, there was a reduction in the polar diameter of the stomata in P. tuberculatum and in the equatorial diameter in P. aduncum. Stomatal density was increased in P. tuberculatum during drought. At T0, the values of photosynthetic performance indexes related to absorption were higher, with a reduction in rehydration. Photosynthetic performance indices showed a drastic reduction in the ‘Balankota’ genotype. P. tuberculatum and Bragantina showed a reduction in stomatal density in flooding when compared to the control. Flooding led to an increase in the polar diameter of the stomata in 'Bragantina', 'Kottanadan' and P. tuberculatum. Among the inoculated plants, P. caldense, P. aduncum, P. tuberculatum and P. hispidum showed an increase in the photochemical quantum yield for heat dissipation and 'Kottanadan' showed a reduction. At the end of the experiment, the survival rate was higher in plants grafted onto Piper caldense (38.88%), followed by ‘Bragantina’ (11.11%), Piper aduncum showed the lowest survival rate (7.41%). There was a reduction in the rate of photosynthesis in the ‘Kottanadan’ genotype in the inoculated plants. Among the species studied, P. aduncum was the only one that showed significant differences in relation to the other species. P. caldense had the highest survival percentage and P. aduncum had the lowest survival. It is concluded that plants in drought cycles showed alarm that consequently activated escape mechanisms to tolerate stress, P. tuberculatum showed more alarm signals and memory in the face of stress. It is concluded that plants in drought cycles showed alarm that consequently activated escape mechanisms to tolerate stress, P. tuberculatum showed more alarm signals and memory in the face of stress.
- ItemUso de extratos vegetais para o controle de fungos em sementes crioulas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-02-24) Lima, Juliana Trindade; França, Hildegardo Seibert; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6129-8793; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1284874997224988; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9522158171520275; Corte, Viviana Borges; https://orcid.org/0000000254886578; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3694434981958328; Almeida, Stéfano Zorzal de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9977-5898; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3680096174839424; Dutra, Jean Carlos Vencioneck; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3893-9470; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4101176432227035; Silva, Leonardo FariaCreole seeds can be defined as those traditional varieties of plants cultivated and adapted to the places where they have developed for many years. They constitute an important way of recovering and preserving the genetic base of many species of cultivated plants. Precarious storage conditions in agroecological crops can contribute to the occurrence of several fungi that infest native seeds. These organisms are able to promote faster deterioration of harvested seeds and affect their germination, so farmers resort to improved seeds and/or seeds treated with chemical fungicides, putting the survival of this genetic heritage stored in vivo at risk. Extensive and repeated application of these synthetic agrochemicals can lead to negative effects such as resistant fungi, environmental and non-target organism contamination. Therefore, they create an impetus for the search for alternative control measures that are naturally safe, such as plant extracts with antifungal potential. Aroeira extracts (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi) and clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) have demonstrated an inhibitory effect on the growth of post-harvest fungi. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the effects of plant extracts on fungal control and on the physiological quality of native bean and corn seeds before and after storage. Mastic and clove basil leaves were collected at the Reginaldo Conde Agricultural Engineer Experimental Farm (FERC) at the Capixaba Institute for Research, Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (INCAPER), Viana, ES. The ethanolic extracts were obtained by maceration in ethanol and subsequent fractionation with solvents of increasing polarity (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and butanol). Ethanol extracts and their respective fractions of increasing polarity of leaves of both plants were investigated for chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant and antifungal activity on fungi associated with creole seeds during storage. The ethanolic extract and the dichloromethane fraction of both plants showed the best results for inhibiting the in vitro fungal growth of Aspergillus sp. and Rhizopus sp. The butanol fraction of aroeira showed the highest antioxidant capacity, as in clove basil the ethanolic extract had this effect more pronounced. In view of the antifungal results, clove clove extracts were more active against the fungi tested. Seeds were purchased from the Instituto Federal of Espírito Santo seed bank, campus Santa Teresa, ES. The seeds were submitted to ethanolic extract and dichloromethane fraction of clove basil leaves and eugenol nanoemulsion and stored in plastic containers at room temperature. The sanity and germination test of the seeds was carried out, in the pre and post storage. The fungi found in the seeds are of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Rhizopus. In bean seeds, treatment with eugenol nanoemulsion was more effective in reducing the incidence of pathogens, on the other hand, in corn seeds, ethanolic extract and dichloromethane fraction were more active. The dichloromethane fraction and the eugenol nanoemulsion negatively affected the seed vigor of both crops. The results indicate potential use of O. gratissimum extracts in the preservation of stored seeds.
- ItemSILÍCIO COMO AGENTE MITIGADOR DE ESTRESSE EM Aechmea blanchetiana (BROMELIACEAE) IN VITRO: UMA ABORDAGEM ANATÔMICA E FISIOLÓGICA(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-06-26) Cipriano, Rosiane; Falqueto, Antelmo Ralph; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2005727951505420; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Otoni, Wagner Campos; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Silva, Diolina Moura; https://orcid.org/000000033885280X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0341541450627705; Milanez, Camilla Rozindo Dias; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1288447995978779; Braga, Eugenia Jacira Bolacelabstract