Doutorado em Agronomia
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Doutorado Acadêmico
Ano de início: 2010
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Doutorado - Reconhecido Port. MEC 609, de 14/03/2019, DOU 18/03/2019, parecer 487/2018).
Periodicidade de seleção: Semestral
Área(s) de concentração: Produção Vegetal
Url do curso: https://producaovegetal.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGA/detalhes-do-curso?id=1440
Navegar
Submissões Recentes
- ItemDesempenho de genótipos de milho : tolerância salina, adubação, produtividade e bioatividade de Corymbia citriodora sobre Sitophilus zeamais(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-12-20) Marcos, Rodrigues Agostinho; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/Maize is a crop of food and economic importance worldwide, with the United States of America being the largest producers with 380,93 million tons and with a high average productivity of between 9 and 10 Ton/ha, exceeding 35 million, Brazil It is the second largest exporter and third largest producer of maize, behind only the United States and China. The State of Mato Grosso stands out with an average productivity of 6,338 kg/ha and production of 41,620,1 tons of grains, followed by Paraná, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul and Minas Gerais. The average productivity per maize area in the State of Espírito Santo is 2,955 kg/ha, ranking at the bottom. Among the problems that cause low maize production are inadequate fertilization management, the selection and planting of genetic materials susceptible to adverse environments (such as saline) and post-harvest pest infestation caused mainly by Sitophilus zeamais, responsible for grain losses and seeds. To prepare this research, 5 factorial experiments were prioritized, two (2) in the field and three (3) carried out in the laboratories of UFES-Alegre and Embrapa Milho e Sorgo. The objective of this research was to evaluate the physiological, morphological and productive performance of maize genotypes subjected to saline environment conditions, mineral fertilizer sources and alternative control of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky. The first chapter aimed to evaluate the effect of saline concentrations on seed germination and development of maize seedlings, and it was concluded that the best response to saline stress was obtained in the White genotype, in all variables evaluated. The second chapter evaluated the physiological and morphological behavior of maize genotypes in response to the application of mineral and organomineral fertilizers and it was concluded that fertilization with organomineral fertilizer provided similar responses when compared to complete fertilization - NPK. In the third chapter, the nutritional status and production of corn genotypes were evaluated based on the application of mineral and organomineral fertilizer, and it was concluded that the hybrid AG1051 and the varieties Branco, Roxo, Palha roxa and Vermelho showed higher grain productivity when they were fertilized with NPK. The fourth chapter aimed to evaluate the host preference of Sitophilus zeamais in stored maize seeds. And it was concluded that maize genotypes present different mechanisms of non-preference and oviposition by Sitophilus zeamais, with Roxo genotype standing out, which presented antixenosis resulting from the effect of nutritional properties and seed hardness. In the fifth chapter, the objective was to evaluate the effect of dosages of Corymbia citriodora powders on Sitophilus zeamais in the conservation of maize seeds and it was concluded that the interaction between Corymbia citriodora powders and genetic resistance of maize genotypes constitutes a sustainable strategy for efficient seed protection for family and organic farming
- ItemAproveitamento agrícola do biossólido gerado na estação de tratamento de esgoto de Jerônimo Monteiro - ES na laranjeira(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-11-26) Viçosi, Karen Andreon; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/Sewage sludge, known as biosolids after treatment, is a residue from sewage treatment that can be used in agriculture due to the presence of nutrients and organic matter. Its use in agroecosystems is justified to improve soil properties, increase microbial diversity and promote the circulation of nutrients, being an effective way to increase food production. Although the use of biosolids in agricultural production systems is a great option for reusing this material, this practice still needs to be controlled to be able to provide some risks, such as the presence of heavy metals, pathogens, organic compounds and toxins in excess, which can cause losses in agricultural practice. Another possibility for using biosolids is as a substrate for seedling production. It is capable of increasing the growth and improving the nutrition of seedlings, facilitating the lifespan and the cost of acquiring substrates. However, the physical attributes of biosolids may not be specific to all species, requiring tests to indicate an ideal proportion of biosolids in relation to the substrate. One of the treatments that sewage sludge can undergo is liming, and it is essential to understand the dynamics of soil pH with biosolids fertilization. Unlimed sewage sludge reduces soil pH after 21 days. However, in general, the application of 80 t ha-1 reduces pH by 4.8%, 9.9% and 9.6% for sandy, medium and clayey soils, respectively. Limed sewage sludge presents high soil reactivity after seven days, with a reduction in the occurrence of alkalinization over time. In general, for sandy soil, the pH value was around 7.6, while for medium and clayey soils the pH value was 7.4 at the dose of 80 t ha-1. Sandy textured soils with lower moderate capacity, selected from smaller doses of limed sewage sludge to reach pH 7. Based on these studies, the prediction of biosolids in seedling production and orange tree planning was then tested. Citrus farming is economically important in national agriculture, and also in the southern region of Espírito Santo. Biosolids have the potential to be used in the composition of substrate for the production of citrus rootstocks, replacing the commercial substrate. The use of biosolids in the proportion of up to 60% for Rangpur lime seedlings and up to 45% for ‘San Diego’ citrandarin seedlings promoted better responses in relation to initial growth and plant quality. In the field, biosolids can also be used for initial fertilization of the crop. The application of biosolids at doses of 100%, 115% and 150% of the N recommendation for the crop improved the chemical attributes of the soil, such as P, Ca, SB, CTC, effectiveness and base saturation. The levels of calcium, SB, t, V increased until 9 months, while organic matter increased until 11.7 months. In general, biosolids did not promote an increase in the content of micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and B) in relation to mineral fertilization
- ItemBiotecnologia genética, fisiológica e histopatológica de sementes e plantas de híbridos de maracujazeiro(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-07-19) Nascimento, Gilma Rosa do; Alexandre, Rodrigo Sobreira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5248-6773; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Lopes, José Carlos ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4880-0547; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7656-3665; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Passos, Juliana de Lanna ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5101-4811; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Maciel, Khétrin Silva ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8590-7917; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Freitas, Allan Rocha de ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3436114117792924; Lopes, José Carlos ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4880-0547; http://lattes.cnpq.br/Passion fruit represents an important economic activity for the southern region of the State of Espirito Santo. There is a notable need for research that helps leverage the commercial passion fruit production system and establish strategies to increase productivity, as well as manage and make use of the variation in available genetic material. In view of the above, the objective of this work was to study biotechnological advances and the genetic diversity of species of the genus Passiflora spp. based on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of plants and the physiological quality of seeds from cultivated and native plants. Intraspecific pollinations will be carried out using plants of passion fruit genotypes native to the Restinga P. mucronata, resistant to Fusarium oxysporum f. passiflorae and Fusarium solani in which plants originating from hybrid seeds will be tested for the heritability of resistance for the indication of commercial passion fruit rootstock, as well as the responses of plants subjected to the use of phytoregulators. The experiments will be conducted at the Seed Analysis Laboratory of the Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering at the Federal University of Espírito Santo (CCAE-UFES), municipality of Alegre Espirito Santo. Seeds and seedlings from mature fruits of five species of passion fruit will be used: sour yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa), sour purple passion fruit (P. edulis Sims), native restinga passion fruit (P. mucronata), passion fruit wild sweet (P. alata spp.), commercial sweet passion fruit (P. alata Curtis). The material comes from the southern region of the state of Espirito Santo 20° 45′ 48″ S - 41° 32′ 2″ W. It is expected from the knowledge and propagation of this material to establish the best method of propagation and conservation of available genetic material, plants free from soil diseases and seminiferous seedlings, from intraspecific hybridizations expressing resistance to Fusarium oxyporum passiflorae, across the various areas of study involved F. oxysporum passiflorae and F. solani
- ItemDiversidade de respostas de plântulas de cultivares de Psidium guajava L. sob estresses osmótico e salino in vitro(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-06-24) Silva, Kaoany Ferreira da; Werner, Elias Terra ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7781-4342; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Fontes, Milene Miranda Praça ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7738-9518; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1757-4444; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Ferreira, Márcia Flores da Silva ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1541-6634; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-7673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Alexandre, Rodrigo Sobreira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5248-6773; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Karsburg, Isane Vera ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3625-1656; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Santa Catarina, Claudete; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1669-660XOver the years, the occurrence of saline soils and low-quality water has increased in commercial crops, a problem that directly interferes with the productivity of several important crops, including guava (Psidium guajava L.). As the most important fruitful crop in the Myrtaceae family, guava presents great genetic variability and is cultivated in various regions in Brazil, suggesting its high potential for agroclimatic flexibility. The adoption of technologies like in vitro assays has been shown as powerful allies in this domain in front of benefits as high repeatability in small spaces, environmental control and several others. This study aimed to investigate the responses triggered by Psidium guajava L. seedlings under osmotic and saline stresses in vitro through the addition of active compounds, namely Mannitol and NaCl, to the culture medium. In the first chapter, morphological - shoot lenght (mm), root lenght (mm), leaf number and total fresh weight (mg) - and anatomical variables - cuticle and epicuticular wax production - were analyzed in P. guajava ‘Paluma’ under medium without active compounds (Ψos = 0 MPa), 12,26 g L-1 Mannitol (Ψos = -0,5 MPa), 24,52 g L-1 Mannitol (Ψos = -1 MPa), 5,9 g L-1 NaCl (Ψos = -0,5 MPa), and 11,8 g L-1 NaCl (Ψos = -1 MPa) in vitro culture medium. It was observed that P. guajava ‘Paluma’ seedlings exhibited responses such as a reduction in the number of leaves under stress, with a focus on osmotic stress in vitro, and an increase in cuticle and epicuticular wax on leaves under saline stress. In the second chapter, morphological - shoot lenght (mm), root lenght (mm), leaf number and total fresh weight (mg) - and biochemical variables - chlorophyll a (g kg-1 MS), chlorophyll b (g kg-1 MS), carotenoids (g kg-1 MS), phenolic compounds (mg g-1 MS), aminoacids (mM g-1 MS), proline (mmol kg-1 MS) e malondialdehyde (mmol g-1 MS) - of seedlings were analyzed under a factorial design, including the same treatments applied in the first chapter and three commercial cultivars of P. guajava, ‘Paluma’, ‘Cortibel Rugosa Média’, and ‘Cortibel Rugosa Grande’. The results showed differences between the brazilian commercial cultivars of P. guajava under osmotic and saline stress. These differences were noticeable through the responses triggered by their seedlings. All commercial cultivars showed an increase in plant biomass, albeit with distinct "preferences". While P. guajava ‘Paluma’ seedlings increased both fresh and dry mass under both stresses, P. guajava ‘Cortibel Rugosa Média’ seedlings increased their rates under higher Mannitol concentration in the culture medium and both NaCl treatments, and P. guajava ‘Cortibel Rugosa Grande’ seedlings increased under ionic stress in both treatments. It was concluded that P. guajava plants develop differently responses when subjected to osmotic and saline stress. These mechanisms extend to morphological, anatomical and biochemical levels, which varies also among cultivars. Therefore, characterizations of these responses are necessary to understand each cultivar particularities and its climatic aptitude, in order to stablish a correct and efficient handling for each one
- ItemPotencial do biocarvão produzido com bagaço de malte como condicionador de substrato no crescimento inicial de mudas de espécies florestais nativas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-05-28) Souza, Camilla de Oliveira; Gonçalves, Elzimar de Oliveira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7675-2493; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Passos, Renato Ribeiro ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7730-748X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8941-5461; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Correia, Tamíres Partélli ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1303-8273; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Moura, Cristiane Coelho de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6743-8638; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Arantes, Marina Donária Chaves ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4711-7121; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Profeti, Demetrius ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4565-3331; http://lattes.cnpq.br/Soil degradation, the increase in atmospheric air temperature, and the emergence of new pandemic diseases are some of the problems caused by the indiscriminate use of natural resources. In this scenario, various research studies are being developed to meet the demands of the population more sustainably and minimize the effects of global warming. In the forestry and agricultural sectors, the use of biochar emerges as an alternative capable of adding value to solid waste and improving soil quality, with the properties of this product linked to its chemical and structural composition, which are affected by pyrolysis conditions and the characteristics of the biomass used. Thus, the general objective of the present study was to evaluate the pyrolysis temperature and the quality of biochars produced with malt bagasse for use as a substrate component in the production of seedlings of native forest species, as well as to evaluate its influence on substrate properties and the initial growth of seedlings in the nursery. In the production of biochar, malt bagasse from a craft microbrewery located in the municipality of Jerônimo Monteiro, Espírito Santo, was used. This biomass was homogenized, dried in an oven, and acclimatized for subsequent physical and chemical analyses, including moisture, bulk density, pH in water, total extractives, lignin and ash content, elemental chemistry, alkalinity, and available chemical elements. Four different final pyrolysis temperatures (300, 400, 500, and 600 °C) were tested in biochar production, evaluating moisture, bulk density, pH in water, elemental and proximate chemistry, functional groups, microscopy, mass loss, solid yields, alkalinity, porosity, specific surface area, and available chemical elements of the generated biochars. To evaluate the quality of the substrates, five doses of biochar produced with malt bagasse at 400 ºC were tested in substrate formulations (S0: 100 % soil; S10: 90 % soil + 10 % biochar; S20: 80 % soil + 20 % biochar; S30: 70 % soil + 30 % biochar; S40: 60 % soil + 40 % biochar; % v/v), evaluating physical and chemical properties such as moisture, porosity, bulk density, water retention capacity, electrical conductivity, and pH in water. To assess the influence of biochar on the quality of yellow ipê (Handroanthus serratifolius), timbaúva (Enterolobium contortisiliquum), and guapuruvu (Schizolobium parahyba) seedlings, different doses of biochar produced with malt bagasse at a pyrolysis temperature of 400 °C were tested in five substrate formulations (S0: 100 % soil + 6g L-1 fertilizer; S10: 90 % soil + 10 % biochar + 6g L-1 fertilizer; S20: 80 % soil + 20 % biochar + 6g L-1 fertilizer; S30: 70 % soil + 30 % biochar + 6g L-1 fertilizer; and S40: 60 % soil + 40 % biochar + 6g L-1 fertilizer) and two tubes volumes (180 and 280 cm3). Seedling production occurred via direct seeding in tubes placed on a suspended bed inside the nursery shade house. At 180 days after sowing, the experiment was concluded, evaluating in yellow ipê seedlings the physiological parameters, including photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration, transpiration rate, instantaneous water use efficiency, and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, and in yellow ipê, timbaúva, and guapuruvu seedlings the morphological parameters, including height, collar diameter, robustness index, number of leaves, leaf area, root volume, dry mass of shoot, root, and total and their ratios, and Dickson Quality Index. At the end of the experiment, it was concluded that the malt bagasse had high moisture content but possessed desirable characteristics for use in biochar production, requiring prior drying to meet pyrolysis process standards; that the final pyrolysis temperature significantly affected the properties of the generated biochar, with a final temperature of 400 °C recommended for substrate formulation; that the presence of biochar significantly affected the properties of substrates, with the best quality observed in the S40 formulation; and that tube volume affected the quality of yellow ipê and guapuruvu seedlings, while biochar addition affected the quality of timbaúva seedlings, with the 280 cm3 tubes and S40 substrate recommended, respectively, for producing quality seedlings