Custo de produção de madeira em tora e definição ótima de unidades de produção anual em florestas nativas na Amazônia
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Data
2017-07-17
Autores
Leite, Catherine Cristina Claros
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The present study dealt with sustainable forest management (SFM) in the Brazilian Amazon. The first chapter had the objective of quantifying the production cost of log, put into a sawmill, in the state of Acre. Were collected data on the price of forest land, the raw material, the elaboration and execution of management plans, the activities inherent to logging and the transportation of timber to the sawmill. The data were obtained through interviews and questionnaire application. The cost was calculated for forests managed located at 50 km, 100 km and 150 km from the city of Rio Branco, these areas including or not the installation and measurement of permanent parcels (PP), as well as the application or not of silvicultural treatments post-exploratory . Production cost was calculated for a 25-year cutting cycle. The net present value (NPV) of the SFM activities was measured at interest rates of 6% a.a., 8% a.a., 10% a.a. e 12% a.a. The marketing margin of the logs placed in a sawmill was identified. It was concluded that, for a management area located 50 km from Rio Branco, with or without PP, the activity is feasible in economic terms. With the addition of trataments postexploratory, the production of log wood at 50 km is feasible only at a rate of 6%. In the situation where the forest is located at 100 km, the marketing margin remains positive at a rate of 6%, only for scenarios with and without permanent parcels. For greater distances (150 km), there is losses in the production process. The second chapter aimed to propose mathematical models to optimize the definition of Annual Production Units (APUs) in areas of sustainable management in the Amazon, regulating volume production. The study area is located in the municipality of Bujari, Acre, where two APUs were selected. The formulation of the models was based on the capacitated pmedian problem (CPMP). The first proposal aimed at optimizing the subdivision of a APU, so as to obtain a regular production during two years of exploration, considering the term to explore the area. In this approach, patios were optimally allocated, with maximum trailing distance restrictions and maximum yard capacity. The second proposal aimed at optimizing the formation of APUs at the tree level, in order to group trees above the minimum cutting diameter (MCD), regulating forest production. In both proposals, two volume regulation scenarios were performed: ± 10% and ± 20%. In scenario 1 of proposal 1, production varied by ± 9.6%. For scenario 1 of proposal 2, the total volume above the MCD varied by ± 0.14%. After the formation of APUs and subsequent application of the criteria of the legislation, the total production exploitable in the APUs had a variation of approximately ± 1.9%. The proposals are applicable to the reality in the Amazon and can be used to regulate the production of wood in SFM areas in the region.
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Forest economics , Operational research , Forest planning , Forest regulation , State of Acre , Planejamento florestal , Regulação florestal , Estado do Acre
Citação
LEITE, Catherine Cristina Claros. Custo de produção de madeira em tora e definição ótima de unidades de produção anual em florestas nativas na Amazônia. 2017. 200 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Florestais) – Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Jerônimo Monteiro, 2017.