Efeito dos capsinóides e do exercício físico na modulação do perfil inflamatório e tecido hepático na condição de obesidade
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Data
2025-12-16
Autores
Nunes, Fabiane Merigueti
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Introduction: Obesity is associated with a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, which results in metabolic changes and promotes the development of Metabolic Steatotic Liver Disease (MSLD). Physical exercise and natural compounds, such as capsinoids, stand out for presenting benefits in energy expenditure, aiding in the loss of body mass and adiposity, in addition, they suggest influencing the deposition of hepatic fat. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the effects of capsinoid supplementation, combined or not with physical exercise, on the inflammatory profile and liver tissue of rats with obesity induced by a high-fat diet. Methods: Wistar rats were randomly separated into two distinct groups according to the diet offered (DP/C = standard/control diet or DH/Ob = high-fat/obese diet) to characterize obesity for 19 weeks. After this period, the Ob group was randomized regarding the absence or presence of treatment with capsinoids (10 mg/kg/day) and/or aerobic physical exercise for 8 weeks, being divided into Obese (Ob), Obese Capsinoids (ObCap), Obese Trained (ObTr) and Obese Capsinoids Trained (ObCapTr). Body composition and metabolic comorbidities were assessed using glycemic, hormonal, and inflammatory parameters. Liver disease characterization and progression were evaluated. This study was approved by CEUA-UFES nº08/22. Data normality was assessed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and comparisons were performed using Student's t-test or two-way ANOVA with repeated measures, followed by Tukey or Bonferroni post-hoc tests, adopting 5%. Results: Final body mass, fat deposits, and total body fat were higher in the Ob group (Ob>C), confirming the obesity induction protocol. In the obese groups undergoing treatment, no effects on body composition were observed. Insulin, leptin, IL-10, and adiponectin levels remained similar across groups. In contrast, ghrelin was reduced in all treated groups (ObCap, ObTr and ObCapTr). VO2max increased significantly in the ObCapTr group. The interventions were able to attenuate hepatic fat deposition in all treatment groups (ObCap, ObTr and ObCapTr). Conclusion: Although the interventions evaluated did not promote significant changes in body composition or inflammatory parameters in obese individuals, with the exception of a reduction in ghrelin levels, the combination of capsinoid treatment and physical exercise was effective in improving aerobic capacity, as evidenced by an increase in VO₂max. Significantly, all therapeutic approaches were able to attenuate hepatic fat accumulation, preventing the progression of MSLD, although with no additional effect from the combination of treatments. These findings reinforce the interventions as promising strategies for managing MSLD caused by obesity.
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Palavras-chave
Doença hepática , Obesidade , Capsinóides