Arquitetura e Urbanismo

URI Permanente desta comunidade

http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17378

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo

Centro: CAR
Telefone: (27) 4009 2024
URL do programa: http://www.arquitetura.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGAU

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Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 29

A arborização de ruas e qualidade de vida nas cidades
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2010-05-07) Telles, Denise Silva; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Freitas, José Francisco Bernardino; Azevedo, Marlice Nazareth Soares de
Given the awareness of environmental degradation and the inexhaustible of natural resources, as if thought for a long time; cultural, political, social and academic questions emerge. What can be done to restore the appropriate environmental conditions in
A dualidade formal e informal na busca pelo direito à cidade : os processos de construção do espaço urbano a partir da moradia na cidade de Vitória
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2010-06-18) Landim, Indira Maria Reis Paes; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Abe, Andre Tomoyuki; Schicchi, Maria Cristina da Silva
It focuses on relations between the construction or reconstruction of urban space and in organization of society, demonstrating the process of spatial segregation from the house as one side of the development of cities. It characterize the production proc
A influência da arborização no microclima urbano : um estudo aplicado à cidade de Vitória, ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-10-16) Xavier, Tatiana Camello; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Duarte, Denise Helena Silva; Rodrigues, Edna Aparecida Nico
Urbanization process causes many changes to the natural environment, among which the removal of a large part of vegetation and the alteration of surface materials, besides the inclusion of buildings and production of pollutants. These environment alterati
A influência da legislação urbana na iluminação natural de edifícios : um estudo de caso em Domingos Martins-ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-08-31) Hoppe, Stella Brunoro; Laranja, Andréa Coelho; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Santos, Cynthia Marconsini Loureiro; Rodrigues, Edna Aparecida Nico
The social, economic, and environmental crisis has signaled the need to seek more sustainable practices in urban design and planning processes. Regarding the environmental aspects, the search for energy efficiency buildings associated with the adoption of
A influência da varanda envidraçada de edificações verticais na propagação do incêndio
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-03-21) Thomaz, Joao Paulo Borges; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000238988515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5240388600131197; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9012-1735; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8885568442834205; Rodrigues, Edna Aparecida Nico; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0905-1723; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2506902397204906; Braga, George Cajaty Barbosa; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9060-5844; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0157989523445444
The environments of Brazilian buildings undergo constant modifications regarding their use, whether due to chronological, marketing or social issues. In this context, the veranda has characteristics that have changed over the course of Brazilian architectural periods. From a supporting element to a main element, the balcony contributes to the social interaction of the residents, improves the conditions of thermal comfort and lighting, also playing a fundamental role in buildings when it comes to fire safety, and can be a protection element in the development of the environment. fire, when it creates a barrier that postpones the transition of flames, whether vertically or even horizontally. The trend towards glazing balconies has become an obstacle to maintaining the safety of buildings against flames, as closing this environment increases the use of previously unforeseen elements such as furniture, electrical equipment and others that increase the fire load of the environment and reduce security measures such as compartmentalization. Given the above, the main objective of the research was to analyze the influence of the glazed balcony on the vertical propagation of flames in residential buildings. The methodology was based on simulations of generic models using fire compartmentalization indices applied in the norm of the Military Fire Brigade of ES. In order to optimize the computer simulation process, the tool used was the FIRE DYNAMICS SIMULATOR FDS program, with scenarios defined by the current standard. After configuration, the computer simulation was carried out on two models, one with an open balcony and the other with glazing on the balcony, both models complying with the premises of the horizontal partitioning standard. The analysis of the results showed that when subtracting compartmentalization indices, the evolution of the flames develops between 3 and 4 times faster than in the standard model. Furthermore, there was a need for contrasting revisions of compartmentalization rules and inspection of the maintenance of these measures, as well as constant requalification of tests on a real and computational scale in order to maintain the safety of people and property.
A influência das configurações urbanas na formação de microclimas : estudo de casos no município de Vitória-ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-03-16) Miyamoto, Mirian Tatiyama; Pezzopane, José Eduardo Macedo; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Laranja, Andréa Coelho; Miana, Anna Christina
The use and occupation of the soil are factors that directly influence the formation of different urban microclimates, as urban structures, building density, and natural elements interfere with the climactic conditions of the cities. The growing urbanizat
Aplicabilidade da NBR ISO 37.120/2017: um estudo de caso no município de Vitória - Es
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-09-30) Salzani, Livia Campos; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000238988515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5240388600131197; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4134595757501596; Conde, Karla Moreira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1258-7465; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0604130516216395; Vargas, Paulo Sergio de Paula; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8052545929389304
With the advent of the large and often unbridled growth of cities (which now house more than 55% of the world's population), urban planners in many countries have turned to trying to solve the problems caused by this phenomenon. At the end of the 1980s, sustainability became a topic of discussion within academia, also gaining space in the media. Over time, ways of creating and assessing the sustainability of the built environment have been developed, and sustainability in urban space has become a new target for research. As research advanced, which sought to assess and compare sustainability in cities, indicators were created, which also function as available tools for the use of public power in their urban planning projects. In 2014, ISO created the international standard ISO 37.120 Sustainable development of communities - Indicators for city services and quality of life, which contain 100 indicators for the creation of sustainable communities. The Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT) translated and adopted this Standard, making it the NBR ISO 37.120/2017 Sustainable Community Development - Indicators for urban services and quality of life. The premise of the International Standard is that it could be applied in any country, but there were doubts as to the effectiveness of its application in Brazilian cities. This research analyzed the applicability of the evaluation by the indicators in a Brazilian capital - in this case, the municipality of Vitoria, in Espirito Santo. To this end, the existing research methodology in the Standard and the suggestions of search sources were followed. In addition, it used the Access to Information Act to obtain information that exists in public and private agencies, but is not available online. A search for benchmarks was also performed for outcome evaluation, examining indicators in common with those already existing in urban sustainability assessment tools that use scoring parameters. The research concluded that the Standard is applicable to Brazil, however, needs to be adjusted in some of its indicators for the national context. The benchmarks found were not sufficient to evaluate all indicators of the Standard and should be a future investigation.
AVALIAÇÃO DA INFLUÊNCIA DAS ESTRATÉGIAS ADOTADAS POR CIDADES INTELIGENTES NO ASPECTO SOCIAL - ESTUDO DE CASO NO MUNICÍPIO DE VITÓRIA- ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-03-26) Borges, Débora dos Santos Rodrigues; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000238988515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5240388600131197; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1644141686518344; Conde, Karla Moreira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1258-7465; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0604130516216395; Lopes, Luís Manuel Bragança de Miranda e; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4246-8157; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2340000586543686
The human factor continues to dominate the core of debates about the complexity of urban centers and, as the core of the discussions, the integration of technological tools developed for personal assistance. In this context, cities called smart tend to seek solutions to urban problems using technology as a means, aiming to achieve a better quality of life for their citizens, associated with the optimization of the management of economic and sustainable resources. Being a Smart City is beyond the ability to ensure the use of technological potential for the management of urban problems, population growth or the accelerated urbanization process. Being a Smart City is also enabling people to integrate different sectors, from the public to the private. However, the accelerated consumption of technologies, without the proper evaluation of the strategies implemented, allows the generation of underutilized and obsolete systems. In addition, loss of data and poorly managed information makes the feedback process unfeasible. The need for transparency in technological actions and systems is fundamental to the integrated urban scenario. However, as the objective of the smart city is based on people, it emerges from the need for an assessment based on the opinion and perception of users. Therefore, the objective of the present work is to evaluate the effective influence of the strategies adopted by Smart Cities in the daily lives of citizens, using the city of Vitória - ES as a case study. The method consisted, from the bibliographic review and considering as a main strategy the application of a questionnaire with the users, in the development of the following steps: definition of the sample; selection and measurement of NBR ISO 37.122 / 2020 indicators; preparation and application of a questionnaire; and comparative analysis of the strategies implemented by the municipality. As a result, aspects were identified that directly impact people's daily lives, real beneficiaries of Smart Cities, so that they can actively create and participate in the solutions and critical issues that arise in complex urban centers, directly impacting the quality of life and local sustainability.
Avaliação de desempenho térmico em edificações multifamiliares considerando o impacto das mudanças projetadas para o clima futuro
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-05-14) Machado, Jessica de Mello; Rodrigues, Edna Aparecida Nico; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0905-1723; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2506902397204906; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3392-6964; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6182610037351164; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000238988515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5240388600131197; Jesus, Luciana Aparecida Netto de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9111947062667117
In the late decades, the scientific community have noticed changes in the climate patterns, indicating a warming trend on the average global temperature, in the long run. This warming trend which will lead to great environmental impacts over the life conditions on the planet. The thermal behavior and consequently the energetic consumption by buildings will be severely affected. Therefore, the existing construction as far as the new ones will require adjustment. The passive design strategies are valuable solutions to increase building performance in favor of the energy efficiency. The main goal was evaluating the thermal performance of multifamily residency building naturally ventilated, placed in different Brazilian climate contexts, considering passive strategies to mitigate the impact of climate change. The adopted methodology was segmented in three major steps. Initially it was selected the computational tool Climate Change World Weather File Generator in order to create future climate files, relative to years of 2020, 2050, and 2080 . These years were selected using as basis the A2 scenery from Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change – IPCC, established for the cities of Manaus, Brasília, Porto Alegre e Vitória. To validate the evaluation, a hypothetical multifamily residential typology was considered, designed as representative buildings built in Brazil. From the hypothetical model, measurements were proposed for passive adaptation based on the Brazilian norm NBR 15220:3-2008. Thermal simulations were ran using the two parametric models assembled in the software DesignBuilder. The performance evaluation was done through indexes of frequency and hours-grade of thermal discomfort and the results have shown levels of thermal discomfort for the two models simulated. The retrofit proposal revealed significant improvements for all the cities, yet with thermal discomfort. Therefore, it was found that the adoption of suitable bioclimatic strategies can contribute for comfort improvements into internal space. However, when the climate changes for the future period are considered, other ways of readjustment will be necessary, either for the building or for normative proposals, emphasizing the idea that every building should be designed for the future, not for the past.
Conforto térmico do transeunte : a porosidade urbana como condicionante da ventilação
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-04-11) Silva, Fabiana Trindade da; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Laranja, Andréa Coelho; Labaki, Lucila Chebel
The changes of urban structures associated with the non-inclusion of climate issues in Zoning Ordinances generate environmental consequences that may contribute to the passerby’s thermal discomfort. For regions of hot and humid weather, as the case of Vit
Diretrizes para aplicação dos conceitos de sustentabilidade na reabilitação de edifícios em centros urbanos para fins de habitação popular : análise do programa morar no Centro-Vitória (ES)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2009-11-19) Zamborlini-Waldetario, Kamila; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Esteves Júnior, Milton; Mülfarth , Roberta Consentino Kronka
The interventions for rehabilitation of underutilized urban areas have been set up as a new attitude toward the built environment, walking in the opposite direction of the urban centers emptying. In Brazil, owing to the time of formation of the cities and
Elaboração de mapeamento climático para a identificação de microclimas e suporte ao planejamento urbano
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-11-23) Santos, Juliana Silva Almeida; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000238988515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5240388600131197; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5278-1572; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9206137255813255; Bonatto, Daniella do Amaral Mello; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1547-3014; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5045648831553159; Jesus, Luciana Aparecida Netto de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0614-2782; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9111947062667117
The urban climate is an important factor for the quality of the urban environment. Understanding its dynamics and interrelationship with the built environment makes it possible to establish strategies for actions that culminate in improving the quality of life of its users, more efficient spatial arrangements and the reduction of risks related to human health and safety. The challenges imposed by climate change and population increase in urban centers reiterate the urgency for actions to ensure good environmental conditions. Furthermore, there is an urgent need for studies aimed at reducing the lack of integration between urban climate knowledge and planning practices. This research aimed to propose a methodology for urban climate mapping on the microclimate scale, qualified to delimit urban guidelines capable of contributing to thermal improvement of urban centers. The methodology was presented from the application of an analytical model aimed at the study of the urban thermal field, based on the structure of the Urban Climate Map (UCMap). The method was associated with modeling and climate measurements carried out in a seasonal winter situation. Spatial distribution maps of the air temperature and humidity variables were correlated to the different thermal fields and heating potentials delimited by the model, in order to assess its accuracy. The study in question was carried out in an urban area located in the Jardim Camburi neighborhood, located in the city of Vitória (Espírito Santo). As a result, it was verified the positive effect of the parameters of urban capacity, shading (caused by afforestation and buildings) and green areas in mitigating the adverse effects of the thermal load. On the other hand, it was observed that the areas with the greatest heating potential pertain to places with high emissivity and built-up volume associated with greater exposure to direct sunlight. Regarding the microclimate of the area evaluated in the field research, thermal differences were observed between the monitored points of up to 2.6 °C in the morning, 3.8 °C in the afternoon and 1.7 °C in the night shift. Given these results, guidelines were developed as a subsidy for local urban planning.
Fatores influentes sobre desastres naturais relacionados às águas urbanas: um estudo em Colatina-ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-12-26) Oliveira, Dayanne Diwlyan Raasch de; Bonatto, Daniella Do Amaral Mello; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1547-3014; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5045648831553159; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000238988515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5240388600131197; Assis, Leandro Camatta de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-3013; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7388274580685962
The way cities are planned and governed is closely related to impacts on sustainability and resilience. These characteristics reflect, consequently, the level of vulnerability to adverse weather events. Anthropic activities have modified the planet's climate, culminating in an imbalance of natural systems and causing situations of fragility that can cause catastrophes. The main objective of this research was to identify factors that influenced the occurrences of natural disasters related to urban waters in ColatinaES, in the years 2013 and 2020, and to investigate the collaboration of urban occupation for such occurrences, within an environmental, social and urban perspective. To fulfill this purpose, a descriptive and analytical research was carried out that evaluated 71 neighborhoods located in the municipal headquarters. Through field research, with documents made available by the Civil Defense of Colatina, data about the hydrological and geological disasters that occurred in the time frame of the research were collected and georeferenced. Using the Geographic Information System, the data were integrated using a procedural logic of interpretation, classification and representation. Analyses of changes in land cover were performed from a spatio-temporal perspective and the factors influencing the occurrence of disaster were identified. As results, the research synthesized data, through descriptive mapping of the territory, of spatial modifications in time, and the list of influential factors on disasters related to urban waters. The results of the research indicated seven main influential factors on the occurrence of disasters: rainfall; income; households with trees in the surroundings; households with the presence of garbage in the surroundings; households with the presence of culverts and wolf mouths in the surroundings; the coefficient of runoff from permeable and impermeable areas; and land cover. The main contribution has been revealed aspects that influenced the occurrences of natural disasters related to urban waters, elucidating the aspects to be controlled and problems to be mitigated.
Fepas: proposta de ferramenta auxiliar para o ensino de projeto arquitetônico visando a promoção da sustentabilidade
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-06-02) Barros, Joana D'arc Pereira de; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000238988515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5240388600131197; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7513194228412313; Pagel, Erica Coelho; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4484-1963; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2730586463151339; Montarroyos, Dielly Christine Guedes; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6994-8575; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1787112809619907
Architects and urban planners can contribute to the promotion of sustainable development and to the mitigation of environmental, social, and economic impacts. For this purpose, it is necessary that, during their formative years, the concept of sustainability is reinforced, especially in the university courses dedicated to project development that structure the Architecture and Urbanism curriculum. Therefore, the main purpose of the research was to develop an auxiliary tool for teaching architectural design that encourages students and teachers to use the principles of sustainability, both in the process of developing the design exercise and in the assessment of academic work. Thus, the following specific objectives were established: 1) To identify the main characteristics of the teaching of Architecture and Urbanism, especially in the academic activities of the so-called “design studio”, and its relation with the contents of sustainability; 2) Select and adapt sustainability indicators commonly used in assessment tools available on the market, and which can be used in teaching project design; 3) Create an auxiliary tool for teaching architectural design that can also be used in the assessment process of projects developed by students; 4) Indicate teaching and learning strategies for the application of the tool and; 5) Test the applicability of the proposed tool and evaluate the results. The research involved the analysis of curricula of referential Architecture and Urbanism courses in Brazil; the selection and adaptation of sustainability indicators; the development of a theoretical framework with indicators, project strategies and benchmarks to define how each indicator should be evaluated; and the structuring of the tool in a spreadsheet with weights suggested from the results of a questionnaire applied to professors from institutions in all regions of Brazil. The proposed tool – FEPAS – has 6 categories and 17 indicators. The questionnaire had the participation of 117 professors working in institutions from different regions of Brazil and demonstrated that the FEPAS indicators can be applied in project teaching and that they must have different levels of relevance. FEPAS is expected to assist teachers in conducting project teaching and in adopting objective criteria for evaluating the works developed by students, reducing the subjective tendency traditional in the atelier, as well as being effective in raising awareness and training future architects and urban planners.
Ferramenta de avaliação da sustentabilidade para reabilitação de edifícios multifamiliares brasileiros
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-03-14) Fornaciari, Rhaina; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000158946868; Lopes, Luis Manuel Brangança de Miranda e; Rodrigues, Edna Aparecida Nico
The Civil construction is one of the sectors that most impact negatively the environment, making the pursuit of extending the useful life of a building efficiently and using the installed infrastructure, a fundamental aspect in the concept of the sustaina
HABITAÇÃO DE INTERESSE SOCIAL NA ZB8: UMA ABORDAGEM TERMO-ENERGÉTICA
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-03-09) Malta, Nayara Salera; Rodrigues, Edna Aparecida Nico; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2506902397204906; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000238988515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5240388600131197; Jesus, Luciana Aparecida Netto de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9111947062667117
ABSTRACT
Indicadores de avaliação da sustentabilidade para edificações antárticas nos aspectos referentes à qualidade do ambiente interno
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-08-03) Tomé, Marina Silva; Bragança, Luís; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Rodrigues, Edna Aparecida Nico; Montarroyos, Dielly Christine Guedes
It is known that people spend most of their lives indoor. This reality becomes even more pronounced in Antarctica due to the severe environmental conditions characteristic of the continent, such as strong winds and low temperatures, which must be resolved
Influência da vegetação no conforto térmico do transeunte : estudo de caso em via com canteiro central em Vitória-ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-11-19) Ramaldes, Rosa Angela Casati; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Laranja, Andréa Coelho; Thomaz, Luciana Dias
In urbanized areas of humid tropical climate the high temperatures often occur, the direct solar radiation in the urban surface materials generates heat gains that leverage the increased thermal value. The use of vegetation in cities can be a mechanism to
Mapa solar interativo: proposta de método para Vitória/ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-06-19) Palaoro, Lohane Barcelos; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000238988515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5240388600131197; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4024-3432; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6427084442374405; Fardin, Jussara Farias; https://orcid.org/000000034785556X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1912113095988528; Alvarado, Rodrigo Garcia; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2216-2388; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3847059505227034
Given the need of diversity in the urban primary energy supply, as the wish of equality in access to electric energy and extenuate the environmental impact caused by natural resources exploitation as energy source, this research aims to set up a methodology assembling an informative tool capable of measure the applicability of a solar energy harvesting system in urban houses at Vitória, capital of Espírito Santo. The tool presents itself as an interactive solar map, available for free onto online platform with the purpose of indicate the roof solar potential on urban houses. Also, it is intended to point out the technical and economical viabilities of assembling a solar energy harvesting system. The adopted methodology is based on the preparation method used for “Mapa Solar de Concepción/Chile” (BAERISWYL-RADA, GARCÍA-ALVARADO, SANDOVAL-QUEZADA, 2016) and it considers the following steps: bibliography review; spatial cutout; applying method of solar map creation’s (including software and available data); evaluation and disclosure of results. The studies shown great difficulties in arranging the Superficial Digital Model, in calibration of simulation parameters’ and the development of the online platform. Though, it was required adaptations in the reference’s methodology in order to turn the proposed model viable. Using this tool, is expected to democratize the info around distributed energy generation, as well as support the use of not-conventional renewable energy and contribute to the development of a city more efficient.
Mobilidade sustentável e densidade urbana na Grande Vitória-ES : análise com base nos resultados da pesquisa de origem e destino de 2007
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-04-10) Borges, Eduardo Schwartz; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Cruz, Marta Monteiro da Costa; Mendonça, Eneida Maria Souza
Since the second half of the twentieth century, the concern about the sustainable development and the growth of urban problems in various parts of the world have raised the need to develop specific studies in new areas of knowledge, such as urban sustaina

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