Teses e Dissertações

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A clínica psicanalítica frente à tradição médico-pisquiátrica
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-08-15) Werneck, Marina Bezerra; Co-orientador1; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; https://orcid.org/; 1º membro da banca; 2º membro da banca; 3º membro da banca
This dissertation investigates the constitution of psychoanalytic clinical practice in relation to the medical-psychiatric tradition. Freud’s founding of psychoanalysis is preceded by the clinical impasse posed by hysteria, whose etiology and treatment proved inaccessible to neurology and the anatomo-clinical paradigm. Faced with the insufficiency of prevailing medical models, Freud enacts an epistemological rupture by postulating the existence of the unconscious, inaugurating psychoanalysis as a clinical and theoretical method to address neurotic symptoms. Similarly, Lacan makes a decisive turn toward psychoanalysis through his critique of psychiatry, especially organicist doctrines and the lack of consistent therapeutic perspectives in treating psychoses. Throughout his trajectory, Lacan revisits Freud’s work, supported by contributions from other fields, formulating original concepts and promoting a structural reinterpretation of the Oedipus complex. While Freud places the paternal function at the center of neurosis and culture, Lacan radicalizes this function in the theory of foreclosure of the Name-of-the-Father as the structural axis of psychosis. This research thus aims to trace this theoretical development through an epistemological problematization of medicine, distinguishing neurology and psychiatry in the authors’ paths, and emphasizing the centrality of the Oedipus complex and the paternal function as articulations between psychic suffering and the symbolic dimension of culture. This debate proves particularly relevant in the contemporary context of psychopathology, marked by the dominance of the technoscientific and biologizing discourse of the DSM-5
Ana y Siervo siguen sin tierra: el realismo estético como aproximación al conflicto de la posesión de la tierra en los estudios literarios latinoamericanos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-02-22) Villa Ramírez, Oscar Jhony; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Soares, Luís Eustáquio; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Amaral, Sérgio da Fonseca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Roux, Guillaume Bruno; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Durante el año 2021, y solo hasta el mes de septiembre, en Colombia se han contado más de 57.000 desplazados de forma violenta desde sus territorios1 . Este fenómeno se ha venido presentando desde mitad del siglo XX, sin embargo, a pesar del reciente acuerdo de paz entre las FARC-EP2 y el Gobierno del Presidente Juan Manuel Santos, el fenómeno se ha intensificado. Esto nos lleva a pensar en los motivos por los cuales el conflicto ha durado más de 50 años, y la respuesta podría encontrarse en expresiones literarias como Siervo Sin Tierra (1950), del autor colombiano Eduardo Caballero Calderón. Con el objetivo de entender la naturaleza, el surgimiento y la duración de este conflicto, encontramos una obra brasilera llamada Ana Sem Terra (1990) del autor Alcy Cheuiche. En ella, también se relata un conflicto violento que termina trágicamente, y cuyos orígenes pueden tener cierta relación con el conflicto colombiano a pesar de sus particularidades. Para entenderlo, haremos un análisis de las dos obras en torno al Realismo Estético. Adicionalmente, estaremos apoyándonos en M. Heidegger y R. Espósito para entender la relación de la tierra con quien la posee y la función de la misma como cosa, razón por la cual se torna en motivo de disputa. Como resultado, la relación entre ambas obras puede ser el punto de partida para abordajes integradores de la realidad latinoamericana en torno a sus conflictos sociales explicando su duración, origen y naturaleza.
Análise do percurso terapêutico de idosos portadores de catarata: pesquisa nacional de saúde, Brasil, 2019
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-01-01) Coelho, Roberta Goltara; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/
Introduction: Cataracts are the leading cause of reversible blindness and represent a major public health challenge in Brazil. Associated with population aging and social inequalities, the disease affects millions of people and has a significant impact on the Unified Health System (SUS). There is a scarcity of national analyses focusing on the therapeutic itinerary (care pathway) for individuals with cataracts. This gap can be addressed using data from the 2019 National Health Survey (PNS). Such analyses can contribute to identifying the magnitude of the condition and the differences in access to diagnosis and surgical treatment in Brazil. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cataract diagnosis and associated factors, as well as the indication and effective performance of corrective surgery among Brazilian residents aged 60 and over. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, population-based study using data from the 2019 National Health Survey (PNS). The prevalence rates of cataract diagnosis, surgical indication, and surgical undertaking were calculated. Crude and adjusted Prevalence Ratios (PRs) were estimated using Poisson regression with robust variance for sociodemographic and regional factors. The final sample included 22,728 older adults. Results: Among the study participants, 40.4% (95% CI: 39.7–41.1) had a clinical diagnosis of cataract. Among these, the largest proportion (83.3%; 95% CI: 82.5–84.1) received an indication for surgical treatment, which demonstrates the recognition of the therapeutic need. However, a relevant barrier was observed in access to the subsequent stage: only 73.2% (95% CI: 72.1–74.2) of individuals with an indication for surgery actually underwent the procedure. Thus, it was found that more than a quarter (26.9%; 95% CI: 25.8–27.9) of cases requiring intervention did not complete the care pathway. Final considerations: This study highlighted the high prevalence of cataracts among older adults in Brazil and the barriers to accessing surgery, marked by social and regional inequalities. The findings reinforce the need to strengthen primary care, modernize regulatory mechanisms, and expand funding for eye health to ensure equity and reduce the burden of preventable blindness in the country.
Aplicação integrada de técnicas cromatográficas, espectroscópicas e quimiométricas na caracterização de chocolates artesanais
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-12-18) Altissimo, Joseline; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; https://buscatextual.cnpq.br; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; https://buscatextual.cnpq.br; https://orcid.org/; https://buscatextual.cnpq.br; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://buscatextual.cnpq.br; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://buscatextual.cnpq.br; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://buscatextual.cnpq.br; 4º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://buscatextual.cnpq.br
The chemical characterization of artisanal chocolates has proven essential to ensuring quality, authenticity, and understanding sensory attributes related to cocoa content. In this work, different analytical approaches were employed to examine organic and inorganic constituents of chocolates produced in Brazil, with cocoa contents ranging from 36 % to 100 %. The chromatographic stage comprised the analysis of 45 samples, of which 17 representative ones were evaluated by HS SPME/GC-MS for the identification of volatile compounds. In total, 72 compounds were identified, including acids, esters, pyrazines, and aldehydes, associated with descriptors such as roasted, nutty, floral, and fruity. Methylxanthines were quantified by HPLC-DAD after the optimization of a US-LLE procedure, which resulted in recoveries of 91,7 % ± 11,3 % for theobromine and 94,7 % ± 2,7 % for caffeine. The obtained concentrations, ranging from 1.158 to 21.033 g kg-1 for theobromine and from 0.058 to 1.998 g kg-1 for caffeine, exhibited a positive correlation with the declared cocoa content. Principal component analysis revealed separation between low- and high-cocoa samples, with theobromine being the variable with the highest discriminant weight. These results reinforced the potential of methylxanthines as useful organic markers for classification and authenticity verification of artisanal chocolates. The spectroscopic investigation involved the application of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) to 45 samples. Instrumental conditions were optimized using a 24 factorial design, considering spot diameter, laser energy, delay time, and the emission lines of C, Ca, Mg, and K. The function of desirability enabled the identification of variables with the greatest influence on analytical performance. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) modeling provided strong correlation between predicted and declared cocoa content, with RMSEC of 4.5 % w/w and RMSEP of 4.0 % w/w. Validation samples showed trueness values between 90 % and 110 %, meeting the established criteria. Principal component analysis showed clear distinction between conventional chocolates (30–65 % cocoa) and higher-content chocolates (70–100 % cocoa), highlighting the contribution of elemental markers such as Ca, Mg, and K. Convergence between chromatographic and spectroscopic methods became evident when comparing monitored organic compounds and elements. Samples with higher concentrations of theobromine and caffeine also exhibited greater Mg and K intensity in LIBS, elements naturally associated with the solid fraction of cocoa. This alignment between organic and inorganic profiles highlighted the direct relationship between chemical composition and cocoa content, reinforcing the integrated use of these techniques for authentication and quality control purposes. The results demonstrate that the combined application of GC-MS, HPLC-DAD, and LIBS, together with chemometric tools, offers an efficient approach to examining the composition of artisanal chocolates, contributing to traceability practices, authenticity verification, and quality enhancement in the sector
Aproveitamento agrícola do biossólido gerado na estação de tratamento de esgoto de Jerônimo Monteiro - ES na laranjeira
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-11-26) Viçosi, Karen Andreon; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Sewage sludge, known as biosolids after treatment, is a residue from sewage treatment that can be used in agriculture due to the presence of nutrients and organic matter. Its use in agroecosystems is justified to improve soil properties, increase microbial diversity and promote the circulation of nutrients, being an effective way to increase food production. Although the use of biosolids in agricultural production systems is a great option for reusing this material, this practice still needs to be controlled to be able to provide some risks, such as the presence of heavy metals, pathogens, organic compounds and toxins in excess, which can cause losses in agricultural practice. Another possibility for using biosolids is as a substrate for seedling production. It is capable of increasing the growth and improving the nutrition of seedlings, facilitating the lifespan and the cost of acquiring substrates. However, the physical attributes of biosolids may not be specific to all species, requiring tests to indicate an ideal proportion of biosolids in relation to the substrate. One of the treatments that sewage sludge can undergo is liming, and it is essential to understand the dynamics of soil pH with biosolids fertilization. Unlimed sewage sludge reduces soil pH after 21 days. However, in general, the application of 80 t ha-1 reduces pH by 4.8%, 9.9% and 9.6% for sandy, medium and clayey soils, respectively. Limed sewage sludge presents high soil reactivity after seven days, with a reduction in the occurrence of alkalinization over time. In general, for sandy soil, the pH value was around 7.6, while for medium and clayey soils the pH value was 7.4 at the dose of 80 t ha-1. Sandy textured soils with lower moderate capacity, selected from smaller doses of limed sewage sludge to reach pH 7. Based on these studies, the prediction of biosolids in seedling production and orange tree planning was then tested. Citrus farming is economically important in national agriculture, and also in the southern region of Espírito Santo. Biosolids have the potential to be used in the composition of substrate for the production of citrus rootstocks, replacing the commercial substrate. The use of biosolids in the proportion of up to 60% for Rangpur lime seedlings and up to 45% for ‘San Diego’ citrandarin seedlings promoted better responses in relation to initial growth and plant quality. In the field, biosolids can also be used for initial fertilization of the crop. The application of biosolids at doses of 100%, 115% and 150% of the N recommendation for the crop improved the chemical attributes of the soil, such as P, Ca, SB, CTC, effectiveness and base saturation. The levels of calcium, SB, t, V increased until 9 months, while organic matter increased until 11.7 months. In general, biosolids did not promote an increase in the content of micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and B) in relation to mineral fertilization
Desempenho de genótipos de milho : tolerância salina, adubação, produtividade e bioatividade de Corymbia citriodora sobre Sitophilus zeamais
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-12-20) Marcos, Rodrigues Agostinho; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Maize is a crop of food and economic importance worldwide, with the United States of America being the largest producers with 380,93 million tons and with a high average productivity of between 9 and 10 Ton/ha, exceeding 35 million, Brazil It is the second largest exporter and third largest producer of maize, behind only the United States and China. The State of Mato Grosso stands out with an average productivity of 6,338 kg/ha and production of 41,620,1 tons of grains, followed by Paraná, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul and Minas Gerais. The average productivity per maize area in the State of Espírito Santo is 2,955 kg/ha, ranking at the bottom. Among the problems that cause low maize production are inadequate fertilization management, the selection and planting of genetic materials susceptible to adverse environments (such as saline) and post-harvest pest infestation caused mainly by Sitophilus zeamais, responsible for grain losses and seeds. To prepare this research, 5 factorial experiments were prioritized, two (2) in the field and three (3) carried out in the laboratories of UFES-Alegre and Embrapa Milho e Sorgo. The objective of this research was to evaluate the physiological, morphological and productive performance of maize genotypes subjected to saline environment conditions, mineral fertilizer sources and alternative control of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky. The first chapter aimed to evaluate the effect of saline concentrations on seed germination and development of maize seedlings, and it was concluded that the best response to saline stress was obtained in the White genotype, in all variables evaluated. The second chapter evaluated the physiological and morphological behavior of maize genotypes in response to the application of mineral and organomineral fertilizers and it was concluded that fertilization with organomineral fertilizer provided similar responses when compared to complete fertilization - NPK. In the third chapter, the nutritional status and production of corn genotypes were evaluated based on the application of mineral and organomineral fertilizer, and it was concluded that the hybrid AG1051 and the varieties Branco, Roxo, Palha roxa and Vermelho showed higher grain productivity when they were fertilized with NPK. The fourth chapter aimed to evaluate the host preference of Sitophilus zeamais in stored maize seeds. And it was concluded that maize genotypes present different mechanisms of non-preference and oviposition by Sitophilus zeamais, with Roxo genotype standing out, which presented antixenosis resulting from the effect of nutritional properties and seed hardness. In the fifth chapter, the objective was to evaluate the effect of dosages of Corymbia citriodora powders on Sitophilus zeamais in the conservation of maize seeds and it was concluded that the interaction between Corymbia citriodora powders and genetic resistance of maize genotypes constitutes a sustainable strategy for efficient seed protection for family and organic farming
Efeito da exposição aguda ao clorpirifós nas respostas autonômicas e comportamentais em ratos no medo condicionado ao contexto: a influência de diferentes condições experimentais no desfecho
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-08-28) Noé, Gabriel Gavazza; Harres, Vanessa Beijamini; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4533-0495; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5077271160260796; Sampaio, Karla Nívea; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0293-0482; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5951704470576361; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6857-6983; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8529914893110844 ; Emerick, Guilherme Luz; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6206-3985; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5067407796070598; Carlétti, Isis Moraes Ornelas; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8765-3324; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4871859538334419; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org; https://lattes.cnpq.br
Organophosphates (OPs) are a class of compounds widely used worldwide. Evidence suggests that different exposure patterns to OP compounds induce cardiovascular, respiratory, behavioral, cognitive, motor, oxidative/nitrosative, and inflammatory impairments. In previous studies, we observed that a single-dose intoxication with chlorpyrifos (CPF), an OP, caused behavioral impairments in contextual fear conditioning (CFC). However, we did not evaluate whether acute intoxication would impair the autonomic response in CFC. Furthermore, studies show that the use of anesthetics, such as ketamine and xylazine, can interfere with behavioral and cardiovascular responses. Therefore, we investigated the behavioral, autonomic, and biochemical effects of acute exposure to CPF in rats subjected to CFC, exploring how variations in experimental conditions, such as protocol order, anesthesia, surgery, and time, can influence the results obtained. To this end, adult Wistar rats were subjected to the CFC test. The CFC was divided into three sessions: conditioning, extinction, and recall extinction. Exposure to CPF (20 mg/kg, i.p.) always occurred after conditioning. Autonomic (mean arterial pressure, MAP, and heart rate, HR) and behavioral (freezing) parameters were recorded during the extinction and recall extinction sessions. Four different protocols were performed: Protocol 1 – femoral artery cannulation surgery under ketamine/xylazine (80/10 mg/kg) anesthesia 24 h before conditioning and the effect of CPF on the CFC 24 h after intoxication; Protocol 2 – cannulation surgery 24 h after conditioning and the effect of CPF on the CFC 48 h after intoxication; Protocol 3 – extinction session 48 h after conditioning and CPF administration, in the absence of surgery and anesthesia; Protocol 4 – anesthesia with the ketamine/xylazine mixture, 24 h after conditioning, in the absence of surgery. At the end of the experiments, the animals were euthanized for sample collection to assess acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzyme activity, and to quantify nitrosative stress markers (NO2-, NO3-, and total NO) in the hippocampus and trunk. In protocol 1, acute CPF intoxication impaired extinction and increased fear expression 24 h after intoxication without affecting MAP or HR. Conversely, in protocol 2, acute CPF exposure altered the pressor and tachycardic responses of intoxicated animals that underwent surgery 24 h after conditioning, without affecting behavioral responses. In protocols 3 and 4, acute CPF poisoning impaired fear extinction, while the anesthetic combination of ketamine and xylazine and the anesthetic combination with CPF also impaired the extinction of conditioned fear. In all four protocols, it was observed that poisoning led to cholinesterase inhibition. Furthermore, acute CPF poisoning altered the levels of NO2-, NO3-, and total NO in animals 72 h after poisoning. Thus, it is concluded that acute CPF poisoning of rats impairs behavioral and cardiovascular responses in the CFC, and that the anesthetic combination and surgery may interfere with these results.
Efeitos ambientais dos resíduos da pesca artesanal em Marataízes, Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-02-23) Brumana, João Vitor da Silva; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Campos, Adriana Fiorotti ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8207-5553; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8272405462162388; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6252-4954; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2762930312698510; Ferreira, Gilton Luís ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3201-0380; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3133702770099083; Cabral, Joilson de Assis ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6304-0195; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3912633890004376; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Artisanal fishing is a cornerstone of coastal communities in Espírito Santo, Brazil, providing a vital source of livelihood for numerous families. Its significance extends beyond economic aspects, encompassing cultural and social dimensions, forging a deep connection between communities and the environment. Despite its crucial role, the generation of waste from fish processing poses a significant challenge for the fishing sector. The current management of this waste is characterized by worrying irregularities, leading to substantial negative environmental impacts. This inadequate management not only jeopardizes the quality of marine ecosystems but also contributes to large-scale environmental manipulation. This research delves into the critical role of artisanal fishing in the environmental impacts associated with fishing activities in the municipality of Marataízes, Espírito Santo. The primary objective is to evaluate the environmental impacts resulting from the irregular disposal of waste from artisanal fishing in the Barra do Itapemirim and Pontal ports, located in the municipality of Marataízes. The methodology employed in this study integrates both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Initially, the evaluation of the artisanal fishermen's profile involved the application of questionnaires, following a documentary methodological approach. This stage encompassed aspects identified in the diagnosis, including the disposal of waste resulting from fish processing. To analyze the composition of the generated waste, physical, chemical, and nutritional characterizations were performed, providing a comprehensive understanding of the waste generated in the process. The results and analyses of this research enabled the characterization of the fishermen's profile and fishing activities in the studied communities. Furthermore, it was possible to understand the composition of fish waste, noting the significant presence of lipids, proteins, and energy. It was also identified that the continuous disposal of this waste is causing significant environmental impacts due to the high concentration of the parameters found. This made it possible to suggest measures for the reuse of this waste, such as the production of fishmeal, aiming to mitigate these impacts and promote a more sustainable use of available resources
Estado e fundo público: um estudo para o estado do Espírito Santo (2015–2022)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 1900-01-01) Raft, Ana Clara Oliveira; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
This dissertation analyses the budgetary policy of Espírito Santo from 2015 to 2022, through the lens of the State Derivation theory, and investigated how the functions and subfunctions of public spending reflect a logic oriented toward capital accumulation. Using official budget data re-grouped by functional classification of expenditure, the study articulates empirical analysis with the theoretical framework of the derivation school. The findings suggest that, despite shifts in political leadership, the core of fiscal policy remained structurally aligned with adjustment imperatives, favouring financial outlays and incentives to the private sector, while deprioritising key areas of social spending. The structure of state revenues reinforces this trend by granting tax exemptions without robust mechanisms for oversight and transparency, thereby deepening the regressive nature of the tax system. Ultimately, the Espírito Santo budget functions as an organic component of state policy—understood here as the expanded reproduction of capital—managing distributive tensions without overcoming them and revealing the persistence of a fiscal rationality largely impervious to partisan or conjunctural change.
Estrutura eletrônica de sistemas triangulares de carbono e nitreto de boro
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-06-03) Terroso, Carolina Jordoni; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Pansini, Fernando Néspoli Nassar ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8984-686X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7331959117489023; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0856-5471; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6973934643706120; Souza, Fábio Arthur Leão de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6158-7330; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1140962711692698; Scopel, Wanderlã Luis ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2091-8121; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1465127043013658; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Triangular carbon systems in single monolayer, also known as n-triangulenes (where n is the number of carbon rings at the base of the triangle), hold significant potential in nanoelectronics and spintronics applications due to their electronic structure and ground state multiplicity being dependent on the system’s size. However, controlling their high chemical reactivity at the edges, due to its zig-zag edge configuration, remains a challenge from an experimental standpoint. The strategy investigated in this study to address this characteristic is to create an insulating matrix of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) so that the triangulenes can be embedded in the h-BN structure, maintaining their electronic and magnetic properties. Given the size of the studied systems, the Density Functional Theory will be used in all electronic structure calculations. The results revealed that the formation of h-BN or carbon domains is equally possible, and the multiplicities of the ground state are determined solely by the carbon sites, regardless of their position, size, or whether the carbon islands are connected or not. Additionally, Lieb’s Theorem holds true in all cases when considering only the carbon sites, which can be a useful tool in determining the ground state spin of these systems
Judicialização dos processos seletivos de ingresso nos cursos de graduação da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-09-09) Faian, Daniel Souza; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Zaganelli, Margareth Vetis; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8405-1838; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Coelho Junior, Thalmo de Paiva; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3716-1882; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Fabriz, Daury Cesar; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3781-5890; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
This is a Professional Master's Dissertation resulting from a study that aimed to investigate the judicialization of the admission processes for undergraduate programs at the Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES). The need to reconcile the interest in accessing public higher education in Brazil with existing regulations, inclusion policies, and the State's budgetary constraints has increased the complexity of the admission processes. Simultaneously, the 1988 Federal Constitution expanded the possibilities for access to justice and the role of the Judiciary. In this context, the judicialization of admission processes has become a frequent trend, and UFES, particularly as the only public university in the state where it is located, is not immune to this phenomenon. The research is documentary, descriptive, and explanatory, conducted through a mixed-method approach. Quantitative and qualitative stages of document analysis were carried out on the judicial cases available on the virtual page of the Federal Regional Court of the 2nd Region, related to admission to UFES undergraduate programs. The results present an overview that highlights the increase in the number of lawsuits between 2018 and 2023, as well as the Judiciary's involvement in implementing public policy for higher education admission. The phenomenon predominantly involves sensitive issues, such as the quota system. Moreover, the analysis of the judicial decisions related to these cases demonstrates that there is no judicial activism in the content of the decisions, that the rulings are primarily based on factual matters and principled and jurisprudential arguments, and that UFES is the losing party in a minority of cases. However, the rulings against the University—especially those that provisionally mandate enrollment—have significant consequences for public administration and students. Therefore, the study of the judicialization phenomenon reveals weaknesses, potentialities, and solutions for public administration, making it possible to outline recommendations that contribute to improving the admission processes for undergraduate programs at UFES, in order to prevent recurring legal disputes.
O fogo de 51: o episódio traumático e a literatura sobre o trauma na obra Barra Velha, o último refúgio (1978;1985)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-01-13) Massi, Camila Margon; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
abstract
Reimaginar os desacordos : uma análise dos processos artístico-curatoriais em Dominó Canibal
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-05-20) Medina, Michele; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Dominó Caníbal (2010), curated by Cuauhtémoc Medina, with the aim of understanding how curatorial choices can transform the exhibition space into a field of negotiation between aesthetic values and political tensions. Based on an analysis of the exhibition experience—understood as a sensitive laboratory in which artworks, environment, and interventions interact—the study proposes a critical reading of curatorship as an active device for the redistribution of the sensible, breaking with traditional narratives and hegemonic consensuses. Grounded in theoretical frameworks that engage with the perspectives of Jacques Rancière, Maria Lind, and other authors who address political aesthetics, the research analyzes how the contemporary curator operates not only in the formal organization of artworks but also in the construction of narratives that challenge the boundaries between the artistic and the political. Using a mixed methodology that combines documentary analysis, interviews, and case studies, the work highlights the relevance of the curator as an agent of cultural mediation. It thus contributes to broadening the debate around critical curatorship and the history of exhibitions, emphasizing its role in contesting structures of power and reconfiguring the practices of perception and experience of art
Sala de leitura como espaço de resistência : práxis bibliotecária em Cachoeiro de Itapemirim-ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-06-07) Gomes, Laís Lupim Santos; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Pereira, Gleice ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5099-112X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0335559966184833; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-5543; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7517956299408536; Moraes, Margarete Farias de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4110-4610; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6346587909398922; Bortolin, Sueli ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7411-2716; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9391057804931698; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
It is understood that school libraries are not mere complements, but fundamental elements of the pedagogical environment, whose presence is vital in the daily life of schools. However, achieving the universalization of these spaces has faced a series of practical challenges, with the shortage of properly qualified librarians being one of the main obstacles nationwide. These difficulties compromise the effectiveness of policies aiming to universalize school libraries, making it crucial to seek solutions to overcome these barriers. In this context, this study investigates the socio-educational role of reading rooms in municipal schools of Cachoeiro de Itapemirim/ES, as well as explores how librarians can contribute to managing these spaces, using librarian praxis as a central approach. The study diagnoses the current situation of the reading rooms, analyzes the actions taken, the professionals involved, the physical environment, management, and existing policies. It also examines the integration and participation of librarians in these rooms, comparing them with school libraries, and discusses how librarian praxis can be a differential in managing these spaces. To achieve these objectives, a mixed methodological approach is adopted, combining exploratory and descriptive elements. The research includes an initial literature and document review, followed by a mixed data collection to understand the dynamics of reading rooms in Cachoeiro de Itapemirim. Finally, a Case Study method is used to analyze the data obtained and formulate recommendations. Based on this knowledge, projects for reading rooms managed by librarians are suggested as a viable alternative to address the lack of qualified professionals. The results highlight the reading room as a sociocultural device and information center, emphasizing the importance of their management by qualified librarians. Furthermore, it underscores the value of librarian praxis for the development of reading rooms, with an emphasis on their sociocultural and critical dimensions
Tácitas do corpo xamânico: diário imagético como tática na guerra decolonial brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-02-08) Silva, Bárbara Galvão; Tavares, Gilead Marchezi; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8168-3445; 0000-0001-6113-0229; Baptista, Luis Antonio dos Santos; Ferreira, Marcelo Santana; 3º membro da banca
This dissertation is a diary, with images, video arts, video games, readings, sensations, stories of a life and everyday moments, memories, journalistic data, interpretations that follow a heterogeneous associative course, but that configure a deconstruction, a to provide, a montage and a shamanic reassembly of what is happening in our days in Brazil with regard to the peoples who have historically been the target of decimation, the Blacks (blacks, browns and indigenous peoples). The images and video arts present are experiences and experiments, which can encourage something new to be seen and said, and thus something memorable to be shared as a decolonial war machine
Tendência temporal da mortalidade por acidente vascular cerebral na população residente do estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil: uma análise com a regressão joinpoint entre o período de 2000 e 2021
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-07-28) Mpuhua, Casanova André Motopa; Souza, Orivaldo Florêncio de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Abreu, Luiz Carlos de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7618-2109; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Daboin, Blanca Elena Guerrero; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6819-3900; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Rocha, João Batista Francalino da; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
INTRODUCTION: stroke is one of the leading causes of death and acquired disability worldwide. Each year, 17 million people suffer a stroke, resulting in 6.5 million deaths, while millions more face the disease, bringing the total number of survivors to 80 million. In Brazil, stroke is the leading cause of death among adults, accounting for 10% of hospital admissions to public hospitals. Despite the reduction in overall mortality from stroke, the absolute number of cases, deaths and years of life lost continues to grow, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. OBJECTIVE: to analyze the trend of mortality due to stroke in the population of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, between 2000 and 2021. METHODS: this is an ecological time series study using secondary data on the population of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, from 2000 to 2021. Data on deaths by sex and age group during this period were obtained from the database of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), on the website https://datasus.saude.gov.br/informacoes-de-saude-tabnet/. The focus of the study was to analyze deaths whose underlying cause was stroke, coded as I64 in the International Classification of Diseases, 10th version. The temporal trend of strokes was assessed using joinpoint regression analysis with the Regression Joinpoint software. RESULTS: in the state of Espírito Santo, from 2000 to 2021, there was a significant decrease in proportional mortality from stroke of -3.7% (95% CI: -5.8%; - 1.7%), with a p-value <0.001. This decline was observed both in males, with a reduction of -3.0% (95% CI: -4.2%; -1.7%), and in females, which recorded a decrease of -3.9% (95% CI: -5.6%; -2.2%). Among the age groups analyzed, the group aged 50 to 59 years stood out, which showed the greatest decline in proportional mortality from stroke, with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of -4.9 (95% CI: -8.4; -1.4). In contrast, the 30–39 age group showed the smallest decline, with a VPMA of -2.4 (95% CI: -4.2; -0.5). No segments of change in proportional stroke mortality were identified in the 40–49, 60–69, and 70–79 age groups during the study period. CONCLUSION: there was a decline in stroke mortality rates, with a long-term downward trend, in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, during the period analyzed. The interrupted trend analysis revealed two segments for stroke mortality from 2000 to 2016, with a decreasing trend, and from 2016 to 2021, with an increasing trend.
Transformações curriculares na rede municipal de Vitória-ES (2018-2024): uma disputa pela função social da escola
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-07-04) Rodrigues, Fabrício José; Molina, Rodrigo Sarruge; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4033-6049; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2167159228111253; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7824-9442; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5421025950909276; Melo, Douglas Christian Ferrari de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2761-0477; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4115960878343816; Santos, Maria Cristina dos; 3º membro da banca
This research analyzes the curricular transformations implemented in the municipal education system of Vitória, Brazil, between 2018 and 2024, with emphasis on the standardization introduced in 2022. The objective is to understand how these changes reflect neoliberal rationality and impact the social function of public schools. The study adopts historical-dialectical materialism as its analytical method, enabling the apprehension of the contradictions inherent in contemporary curricular policies. The theoretical foundation is based on historical-critical pedagogy, which emphasizes omnilateral education and the mediation between systematized knowledge and the concrete reality of students. The investigation relies on documentary analysis and adopts a multilevel approach: at the macro level, it examines the effects of the National Common Core Curriculum (BNCC) and the High School Reform on curricular guidelines; at the meso level, it analyzes the reorganization of municipal curricular matrices, marked by the inclusion of components such as Life Project and Experimental Practices, which are guided by prescriptive and fragmented orientations; at the micro level, it investigates the implementation of these changes in two schools located in socioeconomically unequal territories, based on indicators from the Jones dos Santos Neves Institute (IJSN, 2024). The findings reveal that curricular standardization disregards the material conditions of different school regions, deepening historically rooted inequalities. The reduction of formative subjects such as History and Geography and the reinforcement of a performative logic focused on large scale assessments are also observed. It is concluded that the social function of public education — to guarantee access to knowledge and contribute to the reduction of social inequalities — is being undermined by reforms that subordinate the curriculum to an instrumental rationality. It is therefore urgent to reaffirm education as a means of social justice, equal opportunities, and comprehensive human development.
Uma proposta de ensino sobre o sistema solar para a educação básica
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-02-28) Araujo, Maikon Barbosa de; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Bisch, Sérgio Mascarello ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-5772; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7149134147983654; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4364-4307; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1881390630645448; Roberto Junior, Artur Justiniano ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8935-2843; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6122155083160820; Alvarenga, Flávio Gimenes ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7169430092692431; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
We observed a growing interest on the part of Basic Education students in topics related to Astronomy, contributing to this the wide dissemination of the Brazilian Astronomy and Astronautics Olympiad (OBA). The presence of Astronomy themes in official texts that refer to the curriculum, such as the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) and the New Secondary Education, is also notable. This motivated us to propose didactic sequences, based on the Theory of Meaningful Learning (TAS), developed by David Ausubel and widely disseminated in Brazil by Marco Antônio Moreira, aimed at teaching Astronomy in Basic Education. We organize classes into didactic sequences according to themes related to the Solar System, in the form of Potentially Meaningful Teaching Units (PMTUS), seeking to promote not only conceptual learning, but investigative experiences that motivate the student to delve deeper and continue learning Astronomy. We applied our teaching proposal in a public school in the state of Espírito Santo, through an elective discipline, consisting of twenty-six students. The project took place over a period of nine weeks with two classes per week, totaling eighteen class hours. To investigate the students' prior knowledge and the existence of possible misconceptions, at the beginning of each class we apply a test related to the PMTUS theme in question. In addition to the tests, we observe students' externalizations through conversations in the classroom and dialogues in the WhatsApp’s group. At the end of applying the teaching proposal, we looked for signs of meaningful learning through the comparison of both results of the initial tests and the final test, we analyzed the dialogues in the group and the practical activities photos shared. We noticed an improvement in the final test's correct answer rates for some questions and, through the analysis of conversations and practices, we observed the commitment of the students, who went beyond what was requested, spontaneously recognizing some constellations, revealing signs of meaningful learning. The learning observed, the motivation, the interest aroused in the students during the practical activities of observing and recognizing stars in the sky, revealed in their statements, seem to indicate that the teaching units proposed and applied, to a large extent, proved to be potentially significant. We hope that our research and teaching proposal, consolidated in the educational product we present in the annex, the booklet “Guide for beginners and backpackers to the Solar System”, can bring contributions to other teachers and researchers involved in teaching Astronomy for Basic Education
Vozes negras em movimento: reivindicações feministas e ancestrais nas performances do coletivo “Sarau das Pretas”
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-04-01) Perozzo, Stefania; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Schiffler, Michele Freire; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Castagna, Vanessa; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Caser, Maria Mirtis; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Girotto, Alice; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
This research aims to analyze the literary and artistic production of the group Sarau das Pretas, created in Sao Paulo in 2016. It is composed by four black women and a trans man, all of them coming from the marginal spaces of the suburbs; the group is an interesting evidence of the actual landscape of Brazilian marginal literature’s dynamicity, particularly the feminine and black one. Its art combines many artistic languages like poetry, dance, and music. It offers considerations about black women’s identity, guided by themes such as the body, the feminine, the ancestry and the Afro-diasporic culture; it also reports the racism and the sexist violence in the Brazilian society. The Sarau is therefore configured as a space of black women’s protagonism through the stimulation of their literary and artistic production and the creation of an environment based on listening, dialogue, sharing and empowerment. Besides highlighting the group’s artistic quality – examined through the lenses of performance studies–, the objective of this research is underlining its political, social and cultural demands, as well as its messages of pride, respect and care for black identity.

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