Oceanografia Ambiental

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http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17530

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Ambiental

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URL do programa: https://oceanografia.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGOA

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Abordagem multiescalar da variação energética de ondas e a resposta de praias de Marataízes, ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-03-23) Eguchi, Branco Mateus Murata; Albino, Jacqueline; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2890-9227; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1609264897582182; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9795-780X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6848945037305152; Muehe, Dieter Carl Ernst Heino; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6061-4034; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6017845242163890; Oliveira, Leonardo Azevedo Klumb; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6537-210X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2591010762995842; Oliveira, Kyssyanne Samihra Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2007-1984; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0954756171047598; Souza, Celia Regina de Gouveia
How to deal with the different time and space scales of coastal processes is a major concern in evaluate coastal impacts. In order to better comprehend these processes, it is important to understand the energy input in regional scale, such as waves and tides, and how local coastal features are able to modify this input. Despite the focus on local coastal processes, this thesis is based on series of replicable methodologies, aiming to characterize coastal processes and vulnerability in different time and space scales. First step was to determine oceanographic energy inputs for the whole region, for example, waves, astronomical tide and extreme waves. Moreover, a correlation between extreme waves parameters and the modes of climate variation El Ninõ Southern Oscillation (ENSO) e Southern Annular Oscillation (SAM). The second part of the thesis regarded to determine the effects of local ocean floor morphology on wave energy and how beaches respond to these variations. Also, a coastal susceptibility index was proposed based on wave energy variations and beach responses. Lastly, the impacts of a storm were quantified comparing beach profile changes before and after. Wave climate showed a bimodal pattern with easterly waves related to good weather and southeasterly waves associated to storms. Extreme waves presented significant height and duration of 1,72 m and 48 h, respectively. The highest values of extreme wave energy, duration and quantity occurred during neutral phase of ENSO and negative phase of SAM. In contrast, the lowest values occurred during the positive phase of both modes simultaneously. Easterly waves showed a pattern of energy increase of 30% as they propagate from deep to shallow waters. Waves coming from southeast also presented an increase of wave energy, but of only 9%. In general, all post-storm beach profiles showed no major impacts. In conclusion, extreme wave season begins in July and peaks in September. Extreme waves change from highly energetic and lasting, in early season, to more frequent but briefer, late in the season. Wave energy dissipation at shallow waters occurs differently along the coast. In the long term, beach profiles may not be able to resist to storm impacts.
Classificação dos impactos biofísicos e sociais de uma orla em diferentes níveis de urbanização
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-11-10) Silva, Karlany Nascimento Brandão da; Albino, Jacqueline; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1609264897582182; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7288-2734; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710809916927614; Bulhões, Eduardo Manuel Rosa; Barroso, Gilberto Fonseca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505958970169325
The coastal zone is a highly dynamic environment, driven by both natural physical processes and urban development along the coastline. In Brazil, 26.6% of the population lives in coastal municipalities (IBGE, 2011), making the coastline a target of high demand due to its economic, cultural, and social potential. The unregulated occupation of coastal environments can result in significant impacts on ecosystems and coastal communities. In this context, the objective of this study is to classify the biophysical and social impacts, understanding the susceptibility of coastal ecosystems and the vulnerability of the local community in the municipality of Marataízes, ES, in the face of coastal erosion and inundation issues. The specific objectives include analyzing the evolutionary state of the coastline over a 15-year period – from 2005 to 2020. Additionally, the study aims to comprehend the role of social actors in addressing the problem and to analyze, based on the science of affect, how the sense of belonging can influence decision-making regarding erosive issues in the coastal zone of Marataízes, ES. To achieve this, the methodology employed is based on the collection of secondary data, such as online news reports that describe events and consequences of coastal erosion in the municipality. Furthermore, it was necessary to conduct photographic mapping of the coastline, resulting in visual documentation of changes along the coastline over time. To understand the perspectives and influences of social actors, open interviews with predetermined questions were conducted, targeting local residents, tourists, business owners, and representatives of public agencies. The collected and analyzed data can provide valuable insights into the perceptions, concerns, and actions of stakeholders. Thus, this study has the potential to contribute to a broader understanding of the complex interactions between unregulated coastal urbanization, environmental and social impacts of coastal erosion, and the influence of social actors on decisionmaking.
Desenvolvimento e morfodinâmica de praias sobre plataformas de abrasão em litorais de micromaré dominados por ondas
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-03-21) Souza, Brenda Silva de; Albino, Jacqueline; Bastos, Alex Cardoso; Oliveira, Leonardo Azevedo Klumb
Beaches on shore platforms are influenced by their singular geomorphology and respond differently from sandy beaches in terms of morphology and morphodynamic processes. The application of models has become a useful tool in the study of these complex environments. The model of Trenhaile (2004), proposed for mesotidal and macrotidal shore platform coasts, has been considered the most suitable among several models. This model considers the morphology of the shore platforms and hydrodynamic conditions of the coast. Studies about beach development on shore platforms along microtidal coasts, not frequently, consider the contribution of hydrodynamic factors. Thus, the aim of present study was to propose a new model for the development of beaches on shore platforms in microtidal coast, where waves are the fundamental morphodynamical agent. This propose was based on Trenhaile (2004) assumptions and elements. In addition, the influence of the shore platforms on the morphodynamic processes of these beaches was evaluated. The study area comprised three beaches on shore platforms located in the coast of Espírito Santo, Brazil, classified as microtidal coast. Some adaptation from Trenhaile model (2004) were applied for the success of new model: the vertical limit of emerse beach profile was obtained by wave run up during spring tidal and profile morphology data were known by field survey. The results indicated that shore platforms do not prevent the accumulation of sediments and, consequently, the formation of beaches. Although, shore platform exerts significant influence on the limitation of the accommodation space, on beach morphology and morphodynamic processes. In general, the new model was able to represent the morphology and the sediment accommodation capacity of the studied beach systems.
DIFERENÇAS ENTRE AS ESCALAS REGIONAL E LOCAL NA APLICAÇÃO DA ABORDAGEM MULTICRITÉRIO DA VULNERABILIDADE COSTEIRA: ESTUDO DE CASO NO LITORAL SUL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-03-27) Filgueiras, Gilberto Daniel Lima; Albino, Jacqueline; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1609264897582182; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Muehe, Dieter Carl Ernst Heino; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Barroso, Gilberto Fonseca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505958970169325
In the last few decades, issues related to coastal vulnerability have been important along the coasts of around the world, due to climate issues, rising sea levels and urban expansion over these regions. It is necessary to understand the degree of coastal
Dinâmica e o estágio evolutivo do sistema praia-falésia em Maimbá-ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-02-06) Eguchi, Branco Mateus Murata; Albino, Jacqueline; Muehe, Dieter Carl Ernst Heino; Ghisolfi, Renato David
Etnooceanografia de pescadores artesanais da costa norte do estado do Rio de Janeiro
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-03-19) Alves, Lázaro Dias; Zappes, Camilah Antunes; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5486-6577; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0217232489124641; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8892-6777; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8587280026319540; Marchioro, Eberval; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0207-6087; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1645338801597165; Albino, Jacqueline; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2890-9227; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1609264897582182
Artisanal marine fishing is an activity that depends essentially on good oceanographic conditions (waves and tides) and meteorological conditions (winds) to be practiced, ensuring the capture of the fish and the safety of the worker. Artisanal fishermen observe local oceanographic and meteorological conditions daily, making forecasts that condition the activity. In Farol de São Thomé, municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, north coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro, oceanographic and meteorological conditions interfere with the performance of fishing activity and, therefore, artisanal fishermen in this region need to know the environmental conditions to ensure the success of the fishery and the safe return to the continent. Therewith, the services offered by the meteorological organs are essential to ensure safe conditions fishing for those involved. However, it is necessary to formulate specific public policies that transpose these services at an accessible level to fishing communities, which in general have a low educational level. In this sense, the objective of the study is to characterize the ethnooceanographic knowledge of artisanal fishermen on marine meteorology; and to propose subsidies for the better use of meteorological services in the fishing sector. The informations was obtained through 160 interviews guided by a semi-structured questionnaire in two stages of the field (October-November 2016 and June-August 2018). The data from the first stage were left over from a previous study. Artisanal fishermen perform predictions for three main marine variables (winds, waves and tides), as they directly interfere with boarding performance. Predictions prepared through ethnooceanographic knowledge (100%; n = 80) were correlated with forecasts from meteorological organs to identify convergences and divergences between them. The predictions related to ‘wind intensity’ were concordant in 58.7% (n = 47) and discordant in 41.3% (n = 33) of the interviews. The predictions related to ‘wave height’ were in concordant at 42.5% (n = 34) and discordant at 57.5% (n = 46). The predictions related to 'height of the tides' were in concordant in 82.5% (n = 66) and in discordant in 17.5% (n = 14). Tides are classified into 8 groups according to ethnooceanographic knowledge: 1) Living tides; 2) Dead tides; 3) Breaking tides; 4) Launch tides; 5) High tides; 6) Dry tides; 7) Tides of pardo and 8) Tides of padejar. In days when the wave height varied from 0.6 m to 0.7 m, few vessels (n = 12) were moored. On days that wave height varied from 1.2 m to 2.1 m, many (n = 113) vessels were moored, mainly smaller vessels (up to 10 m). The implementation of an accessible dissemination channel of the meteorologic predictions provided by the main organs, can act to minimize the risks to which artisanal fishermen are submitted during boarding.
EVOLUÇÃO DECADAL DAS DUNAS FRONTAIS DO LITORAL SUL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO POR PROCESSOS EÓLICOS E GEOMORFOLÓGICOS
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-06-25) Oliveira, Chiara Folli de; Albino, Jacqueline; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2890-9227; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1609264897582182; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8402-6448; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3393458721513497; Muehe, Dieter Carl Ernst Heino; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6061-4034; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6017845242163890; Souza, Celia Regina de Gouveia; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5416824677182652
South Espírito Santo foredune stability is evaluated with the change polygon method by overlapping satellite images and aerial photographs of six foredune segments, along 19km of coastline. Results indicate that foredune dynamics and shoreline position trends are deeply related, therefore foredunes can be used to monitor the shoreline change. Local wind patterns over the decade 2009-2019 are characterized by prevailing north easterly winds that favour foredune development but on the other hand, are responsible for erosional processes such as dune scarps and blowouts. Each segment of study shows a specific behaviour and a different degree of erosion and recovery with increase in wind speeds. In the study area, foredune morphological variability alongshore is marked by stable foredunes with prograding coastline and limited seasonal retreat and foredunes migrating inland. Foredunes morphological variability is explained by local geomorphology and morpho-dynamic that influence sediment transport and depositional patterns in the foredune system. The interpretation of morphological structures in acretional and erosional sections revealed using GPR, validates direct observations and foredune mobility data.
Evolução sedimentar recente ao longo de uma plataforma continental contrastante de sedimentação
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-04-05) Silva, Alex Evaristo da; Bastos, Alex Cardoso; Albino, Jacqueline; Quaresma, Valéria da Silva; Reis, Antônio Tadeu dos; Silva, Cleverson Guizan
The present thesis is study about the sedimentary and morphological evolution in continental shelf section with distinct influence between sedimentary input and dispersion. The north-central continental shelf of Espírito Santo (Brazil) has contrasting features such as the presence of delta lobe and incised valley with exposed channels, as well as the mixed sedimentary environment marked by terrigenous dominance in the coastal areas and by rhodoliths and carbonate gravels in offshore areas. Were analyzed 186 surface sediment samples from published works, 6 piston corer that are deployed in 730 samples, and 485 km and 920 km of seismic lines boomer and stratabox source respectively. Sediments surface analysis showed the presence of distinct sedimentary regimes resulting from current and past hydrodynamic processes. Distal mud belt suggests high energy events as responsible for resuspension and redistribution of fine sediments. The surface heterogeneity is also recognized in subsurface sediments, where six sedimentary environments were recognized: fluvio-estuarine with continental dominance; inner estuarine; beach or river mouth; marine continental shelf, terrigenous shelf and prodelta. Transgressive ravinement and maximum flooding stratigraphic surfaces were observed throughout the piston corer. In terms of seismic stratigraphy, eight seismic units were identified. The pattern distribution of these units condition two distinct evolutionary models for the study area. The sedimentary evolution in the north indicates the construction of carbonate environment during MIS3, high development of transgressive fluvial deposits and presence of Doce River regressive lobe. In the south, incised valleys domain were observed, with decrease in their filling towards the basins, which suggests two distinct moments of sea level rise. The low development of the seismic units around the incised valleys suggests limited sedimentation during transgression, restricted to fluvial channel. After continental shelf flooding, carbonate sedimentation dominated the external shelf, with greater development to the south. Difference between north and south was probably conditioned by continental and continental shelf physiography and by variation of past and present sedimentary input. The Doce submerged delta presented an elongated geometry similar to main fluvial systems of the word, which indicates significant longitudinal sedimentary transport and fine sedimentary composition, corroborated by elongated orientation to the north of the sedimentary plume, and by sand-muddy submerged delta composition. Two depocenters and two seismic subunits were observed near river mouth and associated with shift of the channel. Delta sub- merge delimitation is important to scale the potential impact area of the tailings mud that reached the mouth of the Doce River on November 22 (2015) and spread over a wide area of the continental shelf. Geological faults were recognized on the continental shelf, mainly along 42 m isobaths with the same SSW-NNE orientation of lineaments in the continent. The distribution of physiographic elements, such as lobed features, high and low topographic areas, channels, escarpments and erosive grooves show distinction of the sedimentary processes along the continental shelf. Lobed features were found in the limits of the inner-medium and medium-outer continental shelf, which suggests significant sedimentary contribution during the last transgression. High topographic and escarpment were interpreted as possible paleo-coastline in the middle shelf, while distinction at height of the topographic highs on the outer shelf indicates greater development of carbonate constructions to the north. The topographic highs associated with incised valleys in the south were interpreted as reef growing along their margins. The results indicate that distribution and preservation of sedimentary environments installed on the continental shelf during Upper Pleistocene-Holocene were mainly conditioned by fluvial input, either as a direct contribution of terrigenous sediments or by inhibition in the establishment of carbonate communities. The continental geomorphology also seems to be an important indicator of the characteristics found in the continental shelf.
Influência do grau de embaiamento no trasporte de sedimentos das praias ao sul do ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-12-14) Alves, Fernanda Jurka; Oliveira, Leonardo Azevedo Klumb; Albino, Jacqueline; Sá, Fabian; Muehe, Dieter Carl Ernst Heino
The present dissertation had the objective to analyze the influence of the embayed level on the mobility and susceptibility to erosion, under different events, in thirteen bay beaches of the south coastline of Espírito Santo state/BR. To achieve the proposed objective, distinct and complementary methods were applied. Through field surveys, it was investigated the variability of the topographic profiles and the grain size of the sands, under different conditions of the waves’ incidence. Remotely, map patterns were applied to time series satellite images, to infer the mobility’s processes that are present in each of the beaches, to trace, as a whole, the general tendency of the beach’s system from that portion of the coastline. The morphometry’s interaction about the transportation was obtained with the evaluation of the map behavior of the beaches (rotational or inundation), at first, applying the parabolic pattern, in which the predominant waves to that region were diffracted on the promontories. Considering the direction of the entry and the different amplitude of the breaking waves that occurred during the field surveys, it was possible to determine the edentation’s index of the beaches, the type of circulation, and the tendency of existing changes of sediments. The variations in the coastline, according to the diffractions suffered by the distinct spectra of waves, allowed to infer in which cases the direction of the opening of the arches to the incidence of the waves was more significant than the level of containment of those same beaches. The mobility of the topographic profiles indicates that the beaches with lower indexes of embayed present a high volumetric variability under distinct quadrants of waves’ entries. However, because of the rotational process, and possibly of the oscillatory one, that occurs in those beaches, they keep the dynamic balance between the surfaced and submerged profiles, and they become more stable than the more confined beaches. Confined beaches have lower volumes of surfaced sediment and, therefore, lower amplitudes of the variation of their volume; however, their static balance is easily disturbed by the intensity of the incidence of waves and they start to transport sediments outside their embayed areas. Just because they are more confined, they tend to have a longer period of time to the reestablishment of the exported volume. In general, the results show that, to the south coastline of ES, the embayed have a role to the protection of the beaches, until the limit in which the incidence and amplitude of the breaking weaves make the containment of the embayed stimulates the formation of currents of return. These currents intensify the mobilization and the consequent exportation of sediments to the outside of the beach cell, making the beaches more confined, sensitive and vulnerable. Taking into account the rise of the frequency of high energy events (storms and front entries) in the coastline of Espírito Santo, and that the closing profile of the analyzed beaches are mostly outside the embayed, it is imperative that the coast management of that region considers this morphodynamical beach system as integrated.
Macrofauna bentônica de praias arenosas intermediarias nas proximidades da foz do Rio Doce
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-11-24) Silva, Emanuely Ezidio da; Albino, Jacqueline; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1609264897582182; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2925-3880; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4777701274185167; Costa, Karla Goncalves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5558591861739453
The hydrodynamics acting along the beach system result from the interaction of abiotic factors such as waves, beach face slope, and sediment grain size. These factors together determine the morphodynamic degree of the beach. The complexity of these environments increases with the proximity of river mouths due to the influence of sediment transport and discharge from rivers. Many studies have shown direct correlations between benthic macrofauna and the physical characteristics of the beach, with macrofauna being determined by morphodynamics. However, studies that address the association of benthic fauna with the mobility of topographic profiles and morphodynamic states are still lacking. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the structure of the benthic community in response to variations in morphodynamic conditions on exposed sandy beaches north of the mouth of the Rio Doce, ES. Six sandy beaches that had already been monitored by PMBA north of the Rio Doce were selected for this study, with eight sampling campaigns from Sep/2018 to Jan/2022. Sediment samples were collected for physical and biological characteristics at each beach, and topographic profiles and morphodynamic characteristics of the beaches were also surveyed. The beaches exhibited variations in Dean's omega, which reflects the morphodynamic state, as well as variations in beach face slope and mean grain size. Variations in Dean's omega and slope were also found between sampling campaigns at two of the beaches. The beaches closer to the mouth of the Rio Doce showed high profile mobility larger slopes and mean grain sizes. The beaches further north from the mouth had lower profile mobility and smaller beach face slopes. Species richness and organism density varied among different mobility levels, with higher values observed in beaches with high-profile mobility. Correlations were also found between fauna and changes in morphodynamic states. In beaches with moderate profile mobility, species richness increased as the beaches became more dissipative. In beaches with high-profile mobility, density increased as the beaches became more reflective. Although the community structure differed among mobility levels, the specific composition of the macrofauna was nearly the same, with oligochaete worms, polychaetes like Saccocirrus pussicus and Hesionura cf. variodentata, Hemipodia simplex, and the isopod Excirolana brazieliensis predominating. Differences were primarily due to variations in species abundance at each mobility level. The similarity in community composition among different mobility levels and morphodynamic states confirms the tolerance of these organisms to abiotic variations. The proximity of the Rio Doce mouth was the determining factor in profile mobility and the morphodynamic and morphological conditions of the beaches, as well as in the structure of the macrofauna. Proximity to beaches with high-profile mobility ensured high densities of opportunistic and tolerant organisms. Fauna responded more to changes in morphodynamic states than to profile mobility. Variation in morphodynamic states appears to directly control species richness on exposed intermediate beaches, while density appears to have been controlled by organic enrichment in sediments near the river mouth.
Minerais pesados e morfodinâmica das praias da planície deltaica do Rio Doce.
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-05-24) Castro, Lucas Bermudes de; Albino, Jacqueline; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1609264897582182; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Souza, Maria Cristina de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Quaresma, Valeria da Silva; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9423011006200936
abstract
O papel das dunas frontais na proteção do litoral sul do Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-10-18) Rigatto, Jacqueline Freire; Albino, Jacqueline; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2890-9227; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1609264897582182; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0606664806314662; Muehe, Dieter Carl Ernst Heino; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6061-4034; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6017845242163890; Souza, Celia Regina de Gouveia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5416824677182652
Frontal dunes are ridges of sandy dunes with vegetation formed adjacent to the beach. The formation of these geomorphological features occurs as the sediment is transported by the wind from the exposed beach to a cover of plants. They have the largest volumes and extension on dissipative beaches and on reflective beaches they are smaller or non-existent. They have the function of protecting the coast against flooding and erosion caused by waves and high water levels during extreme storm conditions. However, this role is often limited due to the use and occupation of these features. The objective of this work was to determine the performance of the frontal dunes in the protection of the edge, from the use of tools, along the south coast of ES. To determine the wave climate, ERA5 reanalysis data were used, which were validated with Boia PNBOIA Vitória. In addition, ADCP data were also used to analyze the wave climate near the coast. In addition to the wave climate, the tide level, sediments, vegetation and beach profile were analyzed using the XBeach tool. The Sallenger Impact Scale only used tidal, beach profile and wave data. The results indicate that the coast is in a predominant process of dune retreat with levels 1 and 2 of the Sallenger Scale. Regarding the vegetation of the frontal dunes, in the simulations in XBeach there was a greater erosion in the frontal dunes with few plants fixed on them. Even with vegetation the measured beach profiles suffered erosion, but they protected the.shore.
RELAÇÃO ENTRE SEDIMENTOLOGIA DAS AREIAS E GRADIENTE DA FACE PRAIAL: IMPLICAÇÕES SOBRE VULNERABILIDADE À INUNDAÇÃO DE PRAIAS EXPOSTAS SOB INFLUÊNCIA FLUVIAL
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-09-09) Coelho, Uyara Pahins; Albino, Jacqueline; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1609264897582182; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Neto, Nils Edvin Asp; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Muehe, Dieter Carl Ernst Heino; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
This work aims to determine the role of sedimentology and the gradient of the beach face on the flooding processes of Regência, Comboios and Barra do Riacho s beaches, located south of the mouth of the Doce River, in the municipality of Regência (ES) , wh
RESISTÊNCIA DO MATERIAL LITOLÓGICO NA DETERMINAÇÃO DA MORFOLOGIA E DOS PROCESSOS EROSIVOS NAS FALÉSIAS COSTEIRAS EM MAIMBÁ-ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-07-20) Brandao, Pedro Henrique Nascimento; Albino, Jacqueline; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1609264897582182; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Pires, Patricio Jose Moreira; https://orcid.org/0000000154451753; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0913529658589507; Oliveira, Leonardo Azevedo Klumb; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
This dissertation aimed to determine the factors involved in the sub-aerial erosion of cliffs located along Maimbá beach, south-central coastal region of Espírito Santo, and to relate these processes to the shape and erosive susceptibility of the features
Sedimentologia e estratigrafia quaternária dos depósitos costeiros da região de Vitória, ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-12-03) Machado, Giseli Modolo Vieira; Albino, Jacqueline; Bastos, Alex Cardoso; Silva, Cleverson Guizan; Muehe, Dieter; Baptista Neto, José Antonio; Ferreira Junior, Paulo Dias
Fluctuations in relative sea level during the Quaternary reveal changes in the architecture and composition of sedimentary deposits due to transgressive / regressive events, energy of the environment and, marine/continental influence. Thus, the stratigraphy has important contribution to the interpretation of these components to predict facies architecture and reconstruct the sedimentation period. Geomorphological evidence is also used to understand the coastal plain evolution. Sedimentological, geochemical and biological indicators are used to recognize the depositional paleoenvironments. The study area comprises the Quaternary coastal deposits of region of Vitória, ES. The area is characterized by a narrow coastal plain between rocks. The methodology is divided into geologic and topographic mapping, stratigraphic, morphoscopic and geochemical analysis. Geologic maps were performed by interpretation of aerial photographs, topographic maps and field trips. The stratigraphic analysis was performed by collecting sediment subsurface through deep cores (SPT) and shallow cores (vibracores). Four deep cores with 20 m drilling on the plain and three shallow cores between 2-5 m drilling on mangroves were performed. Sediments were analyzed by: particle size; organic matter and CaCO3 contents and, shell species classification. Sediments from deep core were also assessed for mineralogical composition and rounding degree, optical appearance and microtextures of quartz grains by optical and scanning electron microscope. Sediments from vibracore were also analyzed for C/N ratio. Twenty datings were performed: 19 by 14C (18 in shells and 1 in organic sediment) e 1 by LOE (quartz). Thus, this thesis aims to investigate the response of coastal sedimentary deposits resulting from fluctuations in sea level during the last 120,000 years in the region. The results contributed to the understanding of the stratigraphic evolution, the role of sea level variations in sedimentary records and the importance of geomorphological control to fill the sedimentation basin. No evidence was found, as sandy terraces associated with the maximum transgression in 120,000 years B.P. The presence of modern estuary, wetlands and beach barrier near the beach current show times of higher sea level during the Holocene. The presence of marine and estuarine shells, fragments of bioclasts, carbonate nodules, C/N ratio below 21 and quartz grains with beach maturity are indicators of marine influence on the environment. Six paleoenvironments were recognized: continental with marine influence, fluvial, bay, estuary, beach barrier and tidal channel. The textural parameters of quartz grains showed little scope of coastal grains within the sedimentation basin. The microtextures by mechanical action on the grain surface indicated predominance of grains related to the fluvial system. Microtextures by chemical action are indicators of environments influenced by marine water and low energy. The proposed evolutionary model for the area is summarized as follows: At isotope stage 5 the region of Victoria was a wide bay with low energy and free connection wit the sea. Around 38,890 ± 180 and > 50,540 years B.P. (isotopic stage 3) the records show a transgressive event in the region. At isotope stage 2, fluvial deposits dominate the plain. The surface of this deposit was dating in 36,307 ± 3292 years B.P. At isotopic stage 1, bay facies dated between 9,448 ± 38 and 7,154 ± 157 cal years B.P., return to occupy the Victoria Bay during transgression, which evolve to estuarine facies to the present. The exposed part a beach barrier is formed around 7,930 ± 150 cal years B.P. and subsequently drowned. Estuary remains with the regression. Some interior areas are transformed into wetlands while, areas near the sea respond to the lowering of sea level by building a beach barrier started at 3,136 ± 185 and 3,201 ± 175 cal years B.P., forming the Camburi plain.

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