Teses de doutorado

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Navegando Teses de doutorado por Assunto "Adolescente"

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    Efeitos da intervenção Hatha-Yoga em cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes com câncer
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-11-19) Bernardi, Marina Lima Daleprane; Zandonade, Eliana; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5160-3280; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0983533134908583; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1455-1063; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6174768449313049; Salaroli, Luciane Bresciani; https://orcid.org/0000000218810306; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3503255904138561; Novaes, Ana Rita Vieira de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-2503; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1438850176297898; Figueiredo, Tulio Alberto Martins de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6476-9009; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3816682170651493; Santaella, Danilo Forghieri; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3489-6349; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9354078685215461
    Introduction: Yoga is a millenary Indian tradition that creates conditions for practitioners’ self-knowledge, making them become more autonomous in the search for wellbeing. In the western world, this proposal has been prospering as a practice in different health conditions, under the expanded perspective, which consolidates the Brazilian National Health System. Its utilization in caregivers of children and adolescents with cancer has not been investigated by science yet and, therefore, needs to be explored. Objectives: To assess psychological effects of the practice of Hatha Yoga in caregivers of children and adolescents with cancer admitted to a public hospital in the city of Vitória, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. To analyze these caregivers’ perception of their experience, to understand the role of this intervention as a coping mechanism, and to approach, theoretically, its repercussion as a health practice. Method: In the quantitative analysis, a randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out. Thirty-six volunteers were allocated to clinical (participated in 4 to 6 Hatha Yoga practices, each lasting 35 minutes) or control groups (did not perform the yoga activity) and answered the instruments: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Subjective Well-being Scale and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, before and after the period corresponding to the intervention. The nonparametric analysis of these instruments was performed by the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests to compare the groups to each other and at different moments. In the qualitative analysis, 15 volunteers participated in semi-structured interviews, recorded in audio, transcribed after the intervention period and interpreted by content analysis. Results: The individuals' moderate anxiety state decreased in the clinical (p = 0.001) and control (p = 0.014) groups, so that while the control group continued to present moderate anxiety, the clinical group presented low anxiety after the intervention. Positive affects increased and negative affects decreased in the clinical group (p <0.05). There were no relevant changes in life satisfaction and attention levels in the two groups (p> 0.05). The analysis of the qualitative proposal identified positive sensations and improvements in the participants’ psychophysical condition. It was found that the intervention enabled the caregivers to acquire self-knowledge, integrate philosophical and practical aspects into their life context, and recognize their relevance to the hospital oncology service. Furthermore, the benefits extended to the individuals they assisted. Conclusion: Hatha Yoga is a good reference of comprehensive healthcare, useful to health professionals and recommendable to caregivers in a short period of hospital assistance, to reduce anxiety and improve subjective well-being. Its appropriation as a health proposal should be developed under the pillar of comprehensive care, in relationships based on tolerance and respect for its tradition
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    Vivências diante do desligamento institucional compulsório: a perspectiva de adolescentes na iminência da maioridade
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-04-26) Araujo, Ivy Campista Campanha de; Avellar, Luziane Zacche; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3125-2174; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8948015493681619; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8466-8435; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6182636311267563; Reis, Luciana Bicalho; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6173-7514; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1123204627616911; Nascimento, Célia Regina Rangel; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3175-0715; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8991787572306530; Hueb, Martha Franco Diniz; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7145-0349; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7017340852463219; Comin, Fabio Scorsolini
    According to the regulatory frameworks in the scope of the Child and Adolescent Rights Guarantee System, the host institution for children and adolescents is configured as a moment of transitory support. However, some adolescents do not return home, nor are they adopted, often resulting in institutionalization until age of majority. This is the scenario in which the experience compulsory institutional disconnected by age of majority occurs. Based on the adolescents' reports, the aim of this study was to understand the experiences of adolescents on the verge of compulsory institutional disconnected, using Winnicott's Theory of Human Maturity (TAHW) as a guideline for understanding the phenomenon in question. This is a qualitative research based on a multiple case study. The method consisted in the application of the instruments: semi-structured Interviews, Field Diary and the Life Line technique, which were carried out with to six adolescents in host institution, totaling twenty-five interviews, carried out through sixteen insertions in the field. The analysis of the results showed that the participants mobilized more to talk about the losses and gains of living in an institution, than the institutional disconnection, demonstrating emotional health in wanting to live the immaturity inherent in being an adolescent towards integration. The participants heard at all stages of the research, despite the ambiguities present in their reports, considered the institution as a space in which they found a good enough environment. It was also observed that the adolescents did not feel supported by any other public policy, in addition to those they had access to through the institution. It is concluded that the research made it possible to expand information about adolescents in institutional care and the expectations and anxieties related to the process of compulsorily leaving the institution. It was also highlighted that support and support policies for adolescents and the Institutional Reception Service could help to experience the challenges presented by adolescents.