Agricultura Tropical

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http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17346
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura Tropical

Centro: CEUNES
Telefone: (27) 3312 1701
URL do programa: http://agriculturatropical.ufes.br

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Navegando Agricultura Tropical por Assunto "Abacaxi"

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    Manejo agronômico do abacaxizeiro cv. Vitória visando otimizar a produtividade e qualidade dos frutos
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-07-28) Klem, Dayane Littig Barker; Fontes, Patrícia Soares Furno; Schmildt, Edilson Romais; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; Posse, Sheila Cristina Prucoli
    In the pineapple crop different management strategies can be used to optimize the production and quality of the fruits in order to meet the requirements of the production chain. Among the recommended strategies are the artificial induction of flowering, however, the success of this technology is highly dependent on the stage of vegetative development of the crop, which depends mainly on the size, type of seedling and planting season. Thus, the aim of this work was to establish a flowering management strategy to optimize fruit production and quality, using different types of cuttings and ages of floral induction. The genotype studied was the Vitoria cultivar, because it be resistant to Fusariose, absence of spines, excellent productivity and fruit quality. In this context, two papers were developed. The first, titled "Performance of pineapple 'Vitória' in response to the types of cuttings and ages of floral induction" and the second, titled "Post-harvest quality of the 'Vitória' pineapple obtained by different types of cuttings and ages of floral induction”. The experiment was conducted in the area of the Experimental Farm of the Capixaba Institute of Research, Technical Assistance and Rural Extension, in the municipality of Sooretama-ES. The experimental design was a randomized block design in plots subdivided in time, with four replications. Each plot consisted of slip from 100 to 200 g and ratoon sucker from 201 to 300 g. The subplots were the ages of artificial floral induction (8, 10 and 12 months after planting) and x natural induction. Several characteristics related to the vegetative development, phenology, productivity and physical-chemical quality of the fruits were evaluated. It was observed a significant interaction between the factors studied for the variables of leaf width 'D' and total leaf area, number of shoots produced, as well as for the chemical variables of the fruits. The natural flowering occurred between 16 and 18 months after planting extending the crop cycle, however, it obtained higher production of slips and high productivity. The artificial induction of flowering at eight months after planting anticipates the harvest in up to 167 days compared to the other artificial inductions. The fruit biomass with crown was superior in natural flowering, with 58% of biomass gain compared to the induction at eight months. The artificial inductions resulted in fruits of smaller circumference, diameter and thickness of pulp. The plants artificially induced at 12 months and natural yielded fruits with superior physicochemical quality, for both types of cuttings used. It can be concluded that flowering management through floral induction is an important strategy to obtain fruits with varied characteristics that meet the requirements of the different types of internal and external markets. Therefore, for juices or sweets industries, induction can be performed in all periods evaluated to depend only on the fruit demand season. For markets of fresh fruits and / or exports, it is recommended to carry out the artificial induction from the 12 months to obtain a more uniform harvest or to induce naturally, if it is necessary to prolong the harvest period.
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    Parcelamento de nitrogênio e potássio via fertirrigação no cultivo do abacaxizeiro
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-02-18) Ribeiro, Ana Maria Alves de Souza; Zucoloto, Moises; Bonomo, Robson; Gontijo, Ivoney; Vieira, Gustavo Haddad Souza; Silva, Fábio Oseias dos Reis
    The pineapple cultivation (Ananas comosus (L.) Merril) has increased in the state of Espírito Santo and has great potential to continue increasing, as it is well suited to the soil and weather conditions. Therefore, producers should adopt agricultural practices, including fertigation, which enhance the aspects of fruit quality, to maximize marketing. Due to the above, this study aimed to evaluate the productivity and fruit quality associated with the use of fertigation in São Mateus, northern Espírito Santo. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), located in São Mateus - Espírito Santo (ES). The experiment was designed in a randomized block design (DBC), with four replicates per treatment. Accordingly, we developed two studies: the first study, was concerning fertigation management alternatives: the control treatment was nonirrigated and non-fertirrigated parcels; irrigated treatment and non-fertirrigated; weekly fertigation with increasing doses, at a rate of 10% nitrogen (N) and potassium (K); fertigations held twice a week for nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) and treatment which was carried out 33% of nitrogen fertilization (N) and potassium (K) at the planting and the rest (67%) in weekly coverage fertigation. The second study, evaluated different nitrogen subdivisions (N) and potassium (K) by fertigation, comprised by: a control treatment (non-irrigated and non-fertigated); four subdivisions of topdressing nitrogen fertigation in a total of (4, 7, 27 and 54 applications); four subdivisions of topdressing potassium fertigation in a total of (4, 9, 35 and 70 applications) and an additional treatment (irrigated and non-fertirrigated). The variables were: fruit mass with crown (kg), productivity (kg ha-1), crown mass (g), crown length (cm), fruit length with crown (cm), uncrowned fruit length (cm), average fruit diameter (mm), firmness (N), pulp percentage (%), soluble solids (SS), pH, titratable acidity (AT) and relative (soluble solids/titratable acidity). Considering the variables evaluated, the use of fertigation, the treatment which applied 67% of N fertilizer and K weekly coverage, promoted the greatest length on uncrowned fruit. The treatments (non-irrigated and non-fertirrigated) and (irrigated and nonfertirrigated) resulted in higher values of soluble solids. The subdivisions of nitrogen fertilizers had no effect on fruit mass with crown and productivity, but the crown length and the fruit median diameter were significantly affected. The subdivisions of potassic fertilizers had significantly influence in the fruits mass with crown, productivity, average fruit diameter and pH.