Doutorado em Filosofia
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início: 2019
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE (Portaria MEC Nº 609, de 14/03/2019).
Publicação no DOU 18 de março de 2019, seç. 1 - Parecer CNE/CES nº 487/2018, Processo no 23001.000335/2018-51).
Periodicidade de seleção: Semestral
Área(s) de concentração: Filosofia
Url do curso: https://filosofia.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGFil/detalhes-do-curso?id=125
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- ItemBens fundamentais e razoabilidade prática: contribuição para uma crítica ao conceito de basic values na obra lei natural e direitos naturais de John Finnis(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-11-22) Simões, Edilezia Freire; Santos, Jorge Augusto da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000000161111693; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3088783002373165; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7322-4492; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0728481679250726; Pinheiro, Victor Sales; Boeira, Marcus Paulo Rycembel; Barreira, Marcelo Martins; https://orcid.org/0000000293673073; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0690909917220112; Araujo, Ricardo Correa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5638777509855807Finnis’s philosophy, as a reinterpretation of the tradition of classical thought (mainly Aristotle’s) and Thomasian thought, is structured in a context influenced by the contemporary interpretation that German Grisez makes of the first principle of practical reason presented by Thomas Aquinas, in the Summa theologiae, Ia-IIae, question 94, article 2. In the work Natural law and natural rights, under this influence, Finnis presents the methodology used in the study of his theory of natural law with a reflection on the fundamental goods, of which we highlight practical reasonableness and play. Using the criteria of practical reasonableness, it is possible to identify whether or not a ‘good’ constitutes a ‘central case’; therefore, fundamental for full human flourishing. According to Finnis' theoretical position, there are demands or requirements that basic values need to meet in order for them to be understood as fundamental. As Finnis devotes little attention to the good 'play', this thesis precisely aims to fill this gap by critically deepening the fundamental good play, either from Finnis himself, or based on approaches with other authors in the philosophical tradition. Throughout the thesis, we discuss the methodological assumptions that underlie Finnis's theory of natural law and examine Finnis's theoretical exposition on fundamental goods. In this aspect, we highlight its characteristics and specificities, as well as the criticisms directed at the Finnis’s interpretation regarding the list of fundamental goods, the premorality of these goods and the absence of hierarchy between them, as well as the 'decisionism' presented as a criterion. Finally, once this journey has been completed, it is concluded with a critical contribution to the fundamental good ‘play’ as it is thematized in the work Natural law and natural rights, by John Finnis.
- ItemÉ a Dialética uma Ciência Política? Um estudo político-filosófico do político de Platão(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-11-24) Curbani, Weriquison Simer; Dinucci, Aldo Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7527207958979360; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Balieiro, Marcos Fonseca Ribeiro; Bocayuva, Izabela Aquino; Valentim, Inácioabstract
- ItemFundação e instituições no pensamento de Hannah Arendt(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-09-25) Santos, Edson Kretle dos; Nascimento, Daniel Arruda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0578569833689838; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1733-1925; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8473460175262791; Oliveira, Jose Luiz de; Muller, Maria Cristina; Silva, Adriano Correia; https://orcid.org/0000000168191681; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7465568204123045; Araujo, Ricardo Corrêa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5638777509855807This thesis proposes to discuss the foundation of the secular state’s issue in Hannah Arendt's political theory. Starting from her essay: On Revolution, the author's major work on the subject, we sought to place this object of research within the hermeneutic horizon that emphasizes the foundation and its criticisms of contemporary legal and political institutions. It is worth highlighting that the relationship between the foundation and constitutional authenticity has received little attention from Arendt intellectuals than those who explore its agonistic dimension, given that, until then, the creator was recognized as an early thinker and not as an author of order and institutional stability. To do so, the theme will be approached through three concepts: that of authority, relating it to the theme of power and the process of secularization typical of modernity; that of freedom, understood in its political dimension of the foundational action, and that of the Constitution and conservation as a specific form of institutional realization implied in the idea of rupture included in the debates on the nature of revolutionary acts. At the same time, it is intended to show how this subject place the issue of Law at the centre of the author's line of thinking, going against the readings that emphasize the institutional dimension of Arendt's conception. Understanding the meaning of this theoretical démarche has much to gain when it is introduced into the analysis of the proposed theme from a perspective of the rule of law by problematizing the postulates of law and the politics that underlie them, such as submission to the rule of law, the division of powers, the creation of constitutions, the guarantee of individual rights and, mainly, a political statute given only by the public space. In this way, it is observed that a procedural structure enables the contention between institutions and political action, which is why the founding principles are embodied in the Constitution, which will represent both the established and instituting forces in the action and preservation of political freedom. This allows us to conclude that strengthening the active participation of citizens is balanced with the institutions and principles founded and agreed in the Constitution and also shows the limits and possibilities that provide and expand the place of “acting in concert” in the Democratic State of Law.
- ItemJohn Rawls e a proposta de uma comunidade política(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-10-17) Barreira, Carolina Matedi; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0431-8599; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0431-8599; Araujo, Ricardo Correa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5638777509855807; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3134-7571; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8478853071691645; Dutra, Delamar Jose Volpato; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3738-7865; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7826882124566360; Silveira, Denis Coitinho; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2592-5590; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2755385851635999; Barreira, Marcelo Martins; https://orcid.org/0000000293673073; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0690909917220112; Vincenzi, Brunela Vieira de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0792-1657; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2875969853934385The work investigates the hypothesis of the existence of an implicit proposal of political community in “Political Liberalism”, despite the rejection of this conception by the great majority of the interpreters of the Rawlsian work and, even, by John Rawls himself. To investigate this hypothesis, extensive bibliographical research was carried out on Rawls' main works and publications, in chronological order, as well as on his main critics and interlocutors. From this research, it was verified the central role of the conception of community in the doctrine of “justice as equity” in “A Theory of Justice”. However, the chronological progression of his publications suggested a later abandonment of this notion, given its incompatibility with the fact of reasonable pluralism. However, through the analysis of the main elements of “Political Liberalism”, it is possible to observe that the value of the community persists in his work, albeit implicitly. Indeed, the notion of community as presented in “A Theory of Justice”, based on a moral motivation that is articulated by the congruence between good and just, has no space in “Political Liberalism”. However, through the inclusion of elements such as overlapping consensus and public reason, it is feasible to envisage the possibility of a political community, whose social unity does not find support in comprehensive doctrines, but in a wide conception of justice and its public justification. Furthermore, this notion is indispensable to provide a basis for the social cooperation of citizens in liberal societies deeply divided by comprehensive doctrines, not only different, but also opposed. Finally, the purpose of this work is to understand how people can be effectively motivated to endorse an ideal of a well-ordered society, once it is considered the bases of self-respect and a sense of belonging.