Doutorado em Ciências Florestais
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início: 2013
Conceito atual na CAPES: 5
Ato normativo: Portaria nº 398 de 29 de maio de 2025, publicado no DOU de 02/06/2025. Homologação do Parecer CNE/CES nº 176/2025
Periodicidade de seleção: Semestral
Área(s) de concentração:Ciências Florestais
Url do curso: https://cienciasflorestais.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGCFL/detalhes-do-curso?id=1425
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- ItemEfeito da incorporação de finos do beneficiamento de rochas ornamentais nas propriedades do compósito cimento-madeira(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2026-02-11) Taquetti, Vinicius Borges; Trianoski, Rosilani ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3761-6728; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6928282185575521; Segundinho, Pedro Gutemberg de Alcântara ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4393-8686; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0125088071269647; Gonçalves, Fabricio Gomes; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2010-9508; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0616694853822879; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6067-1664; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9190025705788218; Lopez, Yonny Martinez ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7141-4823; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4179162228704577; Lima, Adauto José Miranda de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6921-6609; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8681679368729264; Alves, Rejane Costa ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4059-3974; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8580447433109486; Chaves, Izabella Luzia Silva ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3808-0136; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1057676508843699The construction industry stands out as one of the sectors in continuous expansion, which has intensified the demand for more sustainable raw materials capable of reconciling technical performance, productive efficiency, and economic viability. In this context, composite materials have gained relevance by enabling the combination of different constituents, resulting in products with properties superior to those of their individual components. Among these materials, cement-wood panels present high versatility of application, adequate mechanical strength, and potential for the reuse of industrial residues, such as Ornamental Stone Processing Fines (Fibro). Within this framework, the general objective of this research was to evaluate the potential use of Fibro as a partial replacement for cement in the production of cement–wood panels. The study was carried out in two main stages. In the first stage, eucalyptus wood particles were subjected to four different treatments: T01 – untreated wood particles (control); T02 – wood particles washed with hot water; T03 – wood particles washed with water; and T04 – wood particles washed with quicklime. The results indicated that the pre-treatment of wood particles with quicklime (T04) provided superior panel performance, particularly with respect to internal bonding and modulus of elasticity, demonstrating greater compatibility between the wood and the cementitious matrix. In the second stage, treatment T04 was used in the production of cement–wood panels containing 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 40% Fibro as partial replacement for cement, corresponding to treatments P05, P10, P15, P20, P30, and P40, respectively. The panels produced were evaluated for their physical and mechanical properties, and the data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using the F-test, mean comparison tests, and regression analyses. Regarding panels produced with different Fibro proportions, an increase in cement replacement resulted in a gradual reduction in apparent density and mechanical properties. The physical properties showed satisfactory behavior, with water absorption and thickness swelling values below normative limits, indicating adequate dimensional stability of the panels. Fire performance was not significantly affected by the partial replacement of cement with Fibro, confirming the role of the cementitious matrix as a physical barrier. Colorimetric analysis after accelerated weathering revealed only minor variations in surface color, suggesting good physicochemical stability of the material. Thus, within the experimental limits evaluated, formulations containing up to 10% Fibro as partial replacement for cement (treatments P05 and P10) showed the best balance between physical and mechanical properties, aligning with the principles of the circular economy and sustainability applied to the construction industry
- ItemExploring synergistic interactions in biomass and plastic co-pyrolysis for energy and recycling(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-11-25) Cupertino, Gabriela Fontes Mayrinck; Perré, Giana Estela de Andrade Almeida; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8413-8677; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0086500094340919; Dias Júnior, Ananias Francisco; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9974-0567; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2428652077952117; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8562-6154; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9352494709902841; Parreira, Luciana Alves; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7041-9999; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0824035845605716; Araújo, Solange de Oliveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6100-5353; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8268815505508443; Silveira, Edgar Amaral; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7582-5010; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3018359232062233; Perré, Patrick; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0419-4810The co-pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass and plastics, including residues derived from diverse production chains, represents a promising and environmentally relevant pathway for the sustainable generation of biofuels and value-added chemicals. The overall efficiency of this process depends on a comprehensive understanding of the physicochemical interactions between the feedstocks and the optimization of operating parameters to enhance thermal conversion and improve the quality and yield of the resulting products. In this study, the synergistic interactions between biomass and different types of plastics, including polyethylene terephthalate (PET), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and polypropylene (PP), were investigated through thermogravimetric analysis, focusing on the parameters that influence thermal decomposition and bioproduct formation. These polymers were selected because they are among the most widespread single-use plastics, typically discarded immediately after consumption, and therefore constitute a major environmental concern. Mixtures of biomass and plastic materials in a 3:1 mass ratio were subjected to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) up to 800 °C under different heating rates (4, 20, and 100 °C·min¹) to evaluate mass loss kinetics and the derivative of the residual mass (DRM). Based on these data, a synergy assessment was performed by calculating the synergy index for each biomass and plastic blend at the three heating rates. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted on the char obtained from the co-pyrolysis of biomass and PET to gain further insight into the structural effects associated with synergistic mechanisms during thermal degradation. The results revealed that biomass degradation occurs in three main stages, strongly influenced by the heating rate, while PET, LDPE, and PP display distinct decomposition behaviors. The co-pyrolysis of PET with biomass facilitated the release of volatiles and decreased the degradation temperature, indicating a positive synergistic effect. Conversely, LDPE and PP presented more limited interactions, exhibiting four degradation stages with a marked dependence on heating rate, and PP demonstrated negative synergy at higher heating rates. SEM images of the char produced from biomass and PET mixtures showed evidence of an encapsulation process, suggesting the formation of dense carbonaceous layers that may reduce porosity and alter surface morphology. Overall, these findings highlight the complexity of the thermal reactions involved in biomass and plastic co-pyrolysis and provide valuable insights for optimizing waste conversion processes. The outcomes contribute to the development of cleaner thermochemical technologies capable of transforming abundant waste streams into renewable energy carriers and sustainable chemical products.
- ItemImpacto do genótipo, idade de corte e condições de pré hidrólise kraft na madeira de eucalipto para produção de polpa solúvel(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-03-20) Santos, Vaniele Bento dos; Rocha, Maria Fernanda Vieira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6851410759859381; Gomes, Fernando José Borges; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0363-4888; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0502504979310236; Dambroz, Graziela Baptista Vidaurre; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9285-7105; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2988548512574129; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2391-1096; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6747389778891321; Pedrazzi, Cristiane; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5167571704789298; Gominho, Jorge; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6876167162853893 ; Longue Júnior, Dalton; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5149-3074; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7147667616879582; Moulin, Jordão Cabral; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5543-3853; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3577181658928552The production of dissolving pulp from eucalyptus wood requires a thorough understanding of the raw material properties and processing conditions. Among the main factors influencing pulp quality, genotype, harvest age, and pre-hydrolysis process conditions stand out, with pre-hydrolysis being a critical step for hemicellulose removal. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of these variables on the young wood of commercial eucalyptus clones and the unbleached pulp obtained through the Pre-hydrolysis Kraft (PHK) process. For this purpose, five trees from two clones, Eucalyptus urophylla (A) and E. urophylla x Eucalyptus spp. (B), aged 3 and 5 years, were analyzed from plantations in the state of Bahia, Brazil. In the first chapter, the impact of genotype and harvest age on wood quality was investigated, considering its chemical, physical, and anatomical characteristics. The results showed that age influenced heartwood formation, the contents of extractives, ash, and hemicelluloses, as well as vessel diameter and frequency. Genotype, in turn, primarily affected the wood's chemical composition, particularly the lignin and hemicellulose contents. Clone A at 5 years demonstrated greater potential for dissolving pulp production, exhibiting higher basic density (450 kg.m³), a higher cellulose content (48%), and lower hemicellulose (23%), lignin (26%), and ash (0.49%) contents. The second chapter addressed the effect of pre-hydrolysis severity on hemicellulose removal. Hydrothermal pre-treatments were applied to wood chips under different time and temperature combinations, with the P-factor used as a severity parameter. The results showed that hemicellulose solubilization reached up to 90% under the experimental conditions, with an optimized point identified at a P-factor of 873, ensuring effective hemicellulose removal without compromising the cellulose fraction. Additionally, regression models were developed to predict process yield and lignocellulosic component removal, providing insights for the industrial optimization of pre-hydrolysis. In the third chapter, the impact of pre-hydrolysis severity on the quality of unbleached pulp obtained via the PHK process was evaluated. Increased severity significantly reduced the Kappa number and pentosan content, while leading to improvements of up to 8.6% in brightness and 7.2% in pulp crystallinity index. However, these advantages were accompanied by a reduction in yield and pulp viscosity, as well as an increase in specific wood consumption. A P-factor of 432 emerged as a viable alternative to balance efficiency and sustainability in dissolving pulp production. Thus, the findings of this study provide strategic insights for the dissolving pulp industry, supporting the selection of genetic materials, the determination of harvest age, and the optimization of pre-hydrolysis conditions.
- ItemCarbono, serapilheira e fertilidade do solo em monocultivo e sistema silvipastoril(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-06-26) Coelho, Marino Salgarello; Effgen, Emanuel Maretto; https://orcid.org/000-0002-9031-6337; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0205196565849611; Gama-Rodrigues, Emanuela Forestieri da ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-1072; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9655356620549397; Caldeira, Marcos Vinicius Winckler; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4691-9891; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3624066484009682; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6321-3845; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9653804281973683; Oliveira, Carlos Henrique Rodrigues de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4829-8005; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1293627013882628; Dan, Mauricio Lima ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1483-081X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4634459670843421; Mendonça, Adriano Ribeiro de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3307-8579; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110967421921927; Gonçalves, Elzimar de Oliveira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7675-2493; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4127505406039950Silvopastoral systems are an alternative for the recovery of degraded pastures. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the litterfall input and decomposition, the increase in nutrient levels, and the C and N stock in the soil in different models of monoculture and silvopastoral systems in the south of Espírito Santo. Cultivation systems were implemented in the municipality of Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, Brazil: pasture in monoculture, eucalyptus in monoculture, pasture and eucalyptus in a silvopastoral system, pasture, eucalyptus, and leucaena in a silvopastoral system, and pasture and araribá (Caesalpinia ferrea) in a silvopastoral system. Soil fertility, soil C and N stock, the contribution of trees to soil C formation, biological N fixation, and litterfall input using collectors and litterbags to evaluate the decomposition of forest species' leaves were analyzed over a one-year period. The pasture in monoculture and the pasture and araribá in a silvopastoral system treatments showed the highest soil nutrient levels, attributed to low absorption and above-ground biomass composition compared to the eucalyptus in monoculture, pasture and eucalyptus in a silvopastoral system, and pasture, eucalyptus, and leucaena in a silvopastoral system. Total organic carbon and total nitrogen contents tended to increase over the 36 months of analysis, while phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur showed a decrease in their soil content. The carbon and nitrogen stock in the soil did not show considerable increases at 36 months. Only the pasture in monoculture treatment showed a higher N stock considering the depth down to 40 cm. Although no differences were found in the C and N stock in the studied systems, there was a change in the soil surface (up to 5 cm) from a grass-derived C source to a tree-derived C source in the eucalyptus in monoculture and pasture and eucalyptus in a silvopastoral system treatments. For the nitrogen stock, the biological fixation by legumes did not promote an increase of this nutrient in the soil. There was no difference in the annual dry mass input from leaves, miscellaneous components, and the total. Each silvopastoral system presented a different input dynamic over time, related to the region's climatic conditions and management. The pasture and araribá in a silvopastoral system treatment correlated senescence with wet periods, the eucalyptus in monoculture treatment correlated with temperature, while the pasture and eucalyptus in a silvopastoral system and the pasture, eucalyptus, and leucaena in a silvopastoral system treatments correlated negatively with winds. The total content of contributed nutrients followed a pattern in descending order of quantity: Ca>K>Mg>P>S for leaves and K>Ca>Mg>P>S for miscellaneous components and the total. The decomposition of the araribá species was greater than that of the eucalyptus species, and the nutrient mineralization speed followed the descending order K>Mg>P>S>Ca for the eucalyptus species and K>P>Mg>Ca>S for the araribá species. The systems with eucalyptus tended to contribute a greater dry mass, which ensured a higher nutrient input compared to the system with araribá. The decomposition dynamics showed that the leaves of the araribá species have a higher decomposition rate and nutrient availability. The use of a silvopastoral system aids in nutrient cycling and in improving the sustainability of agricultural activity and the environmental quality of properties
- ItemCaracterização espectral e fusão de dados lidar e hiperespectrais coletados por drone para estimar a biomassa acima do solo de florestas secundárias da mata atlântica(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-03-28) Rodrigues, Nívea Maria Mafra; Almeida, André Quintão de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5063-1762; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5929672339693607; Silva, Gilson Fernandes da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7853-6284; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8643263800313625; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3750-0813; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1359706450652133; Almeida, Catherine Torres de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8140-2903; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5534145837431294; Gonçalves, Fábio Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/http://lattes.cnpq.br/1116245566543036 ; Martins Neto, Rorai Pereira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5318-2627; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4925375972651580; Gorgens, Eric Bastos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2517-0279; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2266409430041146Tropical forests play a fundamental role in the global carbon cycle, biodiversity conservation, soil and water preservation, and provide a wide range of ecosystem services. Therefore, improving tropical forest monitoring using data collected by a remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) is crucial to ensuring these services. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the use of hyperspectral data collected by an RPA to characterize the vegetation of secondary forest fragments of the Atlantic Forest at different successional stages. Additionally, another objective was to combine LiDAR and hyperspectral data to enhance the estimation of aboveground biomass (AGB) and to spatialize these estimates in the studied areas. To achieve this, all tree individuals (D > 5 cm) were identified and inventoried in 30 field plots (30 × 30 m each) across five forest remnants located in the southern region of Espírito Santo state. Aerial point clouds and hyperspectral image cubes were generated for all analyzed fragments simultaneously with the field forest inventory. Subsequently, traditional metrics and metrics derived from the Fourier transform of canopy height were estimated from the point clouds, along with spectral information, including reflectance values and vegetation indices, for each plot. The successional stages of the analyzed secondary forest fragments could be distinguished using hyperspectral data collected by RPA. In the context of secondary tropical forests, characterized by high structural variability and different successional stages, the integration of LiDAR and hyperspectral data resulted in minimal improvements in AGB estimation accuracy. In some cases, data fusion did not improve the results compared to models based solely on LiDAR, indicating that spectral information did not significantly contribute to enhancing AGB estimates.