Doutorado em Economia
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início: 2019
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo:
Homologado pelo CNE (Portaria MEC nº 486, de 14/05/2020).
Publicação no DOU em 18/05/2020, seção 1, p. 93.
Parecer nº 839/2019 CNE/CES
Periodicidade de seleção: Semestral
Área(s) de concentração: Teoria Econômica
Url do curso: https://economia.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGEco/detalhes-do-curso?id=1433
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- ItemEficiência educacional nos municípios do Espírito Santo: comparação de modelos DEA com insumos quantitativos e qualitativos(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-09-01) Venâncio, Michelle Moutinho; Gomes, Adriano Provezano ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8821-5529; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7631168740277212; Monte, Edson Zambon; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6878-5428; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5543595580825181; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3095-9363; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7647350450124776; Pereira, Guilherme Armando de Almeida; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2833-1384; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5139328860920389; Ribeiro, Hilton Manoel Dias; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2729-9674; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8828278463287137; Cirino, Jader Fernandes ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0543-2630; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2232741827552440; Mendonça, Talles Girardi de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4379-1562; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4012590771325158abstractThe research aimed to investigate the technical efficiency of the municipalities in the state of Espírito Santo in the provision of primary and secondary education, based on two distinct input models: the Quantitative Model, focused on expenditures, number of administrative staff, and number of teachers; and the Qualitative Model, centered on the number of teachers holding a PhD, Master’s degree, Specialization, and those engaged in Continuing Education programs, all measured in relation to the number of enrolled students. The output variable, common to both models, was the average score on the SAEB (Brazilian Basic Education Assessment System). The methodology employed combined Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA-BCC) under input orientation with variable returns to scale, complemented by the Malmquist Productivity Index, β convergence tests, Wilcoxon’s W test, and mean comparison tests. The analysis covered the years 2011, 2015, and 2019, allowing for the assessment of the evolution of educational efficiency over time, particularly following the implementation of the State Education Plan (PEE/ES). The results indicate that, although the Quantitative Model exhibited greater homogeneity and scores concentrated near the efficiency frontier throughout the period, the Qualitative Model showed significantly greater dispersion among municipalities and persistent territorial heterogeneities. Additionally, the Malmquist Index pointed to an initial phase of productivity decline (2011–2015), followed by notable gains in the subsequent four-year period (2015–2019). Kendall's coefficients revealed positive and statistically significant correlations among municipal rankings; however, the observed mobility suggests differing trajectories among municipalities. The convergence tests indicated signs of absolute β convergence, although the high dispersion of the data suggests that unaccounted contextual factors may have influenced the results. In summary, the integration between quantitative investment and teacher qualification is essential for sustaining improvements in the technical efficiency of municipal education systems. However, the persistence of inequalities underscores the need to strengthen territorial, managerial, and teacher training policies.
- ItemEnsaios em economia da educação: avaliação de políticas públicas educacionais(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-04-29) Blulm, Luiz Felipe Magnago; Seixas, Renato Nunes de Lima; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0510-5181; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1824359260532530; Giuberti, Ana Carolina; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6685-6272; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7213083068331720; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7488-6615; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8151266048812855; Hott, Henrique Augusto Campos Fernandez; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5791-3220; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6427553968530386; Pereira, Guilherme Armando de Almeida; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2833-1384; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5139328860920389; Scorzafave, Luiz Guilherme Dácar da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2044-4613; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3451416618616211; Silva, João Carlos Cerejeira da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6544-6116This thesis is composed of three essays on the theme of the Economics of Education. The first two essays aim to understand the impacts of full-time education on student learning and how changes in the policy design can affect different outcomes. The third essay investigates the motivations of schools under different administrative dependencies in the phenomenon of grade inflation. The first essay aims to evaluate the impact of the "Mais Educação" (More Education) program on student learning. For this purpose, school-level data from INEP were used, covering the period from 2007 to 2017. As the program was gradually adopted by schools, the methodology employed was a difference-in-differences approach with multiple periods. The results showed a positive and significant impact of the program on learning; however, the magnitude of the impact was small, especially considering the program's duration. The second essay aims to estimate the impact of the "Novo Mais Educação" (New More Education) program on learning and to discuss the possible effects brought about by the change in policy design. The data used were also from INEP, at the school level, covering the period from 2013 to 2019. The method applied was a combination of Propensity Score Matching with difference-in-differences. The results indicate that, despite the short duration of the program, there are positive and significant effects on student learning. Furthermore, it discusses whether a design more focused on the skills measured in standardized tests can enhance learning levels and yield better results in such indicators. Lastly, the essay provides insight into how the design of full-time education policies may explain the divergent results found in the literature on the subject. The third essay explores the practice of grade inflation across different administrative dependencies, highlighting the various motivations that may exist. The analysis is based on Rational Choice Theory. Data from the National Secondary Education Exam of Portugal were used. Schools were categorized as public, private, religious, privately funded, and religiously funded. The Portuguese government has a policy in which private schools receive a fixed amount to operate as public schools. However, in 2018, some schools were removed from the policy by a unilateral government decision, claiming that the schools were excluded based on local demand, which could be fully met by public schools. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) models were estimated, and to analyze the change in administrative dependency, a combination of Propensity Score Matching with difference-in-differences was used. The results show that private schools exhibit the highest level of grade inflation, followed by public schools. Moreover, schools that ceased operating as public and returned to the market logic (operating as private) showed an increase in grade inflation practices, particularly in mathematics. This provides evidence that a school's motivation changes according to its market context. The implications of this phenomenon are discussed.
- ItemEdmund Burke: direito natural e mercado na formação do pensamento político moderno na Inglaterra (1780-1797)(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-11-12) Silva, Tito Souza da; Arthmar, Rogério; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7085-2645; Grassi, Robson; Siqueira, Karulliny; Angeli, Eduardo; Lago, Rafaela DomingosThis thesis analyzes the political and economic thought of Edmund Burke (1729-1797). Author of a vast intellectual work, he stood out as one of the most influential thinkers in the public debate in England during the 18th century. A parliamentarian and member of the Whig Party, he worked directly on several issues surrounding the international relations of the British Empire, social and economic reforms and, especially, in the analysis of the consequences of the French Revolution. As a theoretical framework, this work follows the assumptions of the Cambridge School, especially the works of Quentin Skinner and J. G. A. Pocock to demonstrate the importance of political language and the use of concepts in Burke's political and economic writings. Based on his various books, speeches and letters, this thesis highlights how Burke presented the concepts of Social Contract and Liberty based on Natural Law in order to, firstly, condemn the revolutionary acts that began in July 1789 in France and, in particular, to emphasize the role of institutions and traditions in improving and preserving society. These concepts are fundamental to understanding the development of Liberalism during the 18th century. It also demonstrates how Burke gained notoriety as a precursor of Modern Political Economy by presenting a model of public revenue management based on reducing government spending, deregulating the economy, and improving the efficiency of public managers. In addition, Burke listed free trade, autonomy in drafting employment contracts, and non-interference by the government in setting prices as fundamental factors for the stability of a nation. Burke's work is presented in dialogue with several intellectuals from Contractualism, Natural Law, and Political Economy to help us understand how the author responded to the economic and social issues of his time. Finally, it aims to demonstrate how Burke contributed to the formation of a political and economic thought that interconnected Natural Law, Social Contract, economic freedom, and institutions.
- ItemInstituições, economia do conhecimento e crescimento econômico : uma análise da evolução recente da economia do Espírito Santo(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-09-27) Caçador, Sávio Bertochi; Monte, Edson Zambon ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6878-5428; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5543595580825181; Grassi, Robson Antonio ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3735-3427; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1705867851062589; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4056-8202; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9016415842780135; Salles, Alexandre Ottoni Teatini; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9074-2531; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1107306178088215; Conceição, Octávio Augusto Camargo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3042-4555; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3939060361810087; Feitosa, Paulo Henrique Assis; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2388-7543; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1043944885197511; Garcia, Renato de Castro; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9739-1658; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4448499039119632This thesis is about the evolution of the institutions of the Espírito Santo’s economy in recent decades, seeking to use extensive literature on the subject in Economic Science to understand facts that marked the institutional turnaround that occurred in the politics and economy of Espírito Santo since 2003, mainly those related to the subsequent evolution in the results of important public policies. It is shown that the institutional development that led to improvements in these policies contributed decisively to the prominence of Espírito Santo in several social indicators, bringing it closer to more developed Brazilian states, but has not yet impacted the indicators of the knowledge and learning economy in the same way, which is problematic for the future of the economy of Espírito Santo, even more so at a time when, unlike in recent decades, the state has grown below the national average (2010s). It is concluded that accelerating the improvement of science, technology and innovation (ST&I) indicators, making the Regional Innovation System (RIS) of Espírito Santo more robust, becomes even more essential than before, based on the construction of a true State policy for these areas. This is fundamental for the state's economy to return to growing above the national average and, consequently, for its social indicators to continue improving in a sustainable way
- ItemEnsaios em Economia do Crime: Uma Abordagem Econométrica Espacial(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-01-30) Montini, Felipe; Becker, Kalinca Léia; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6896-9411; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082069520269585; Monte, Edson Zambon; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6878-5428; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5543595580825181; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6867-7021; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5448798711984290; Giuberti, Ana Carolina; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6685-6272; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7213083068331720; Lirio, Viviani Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6806-819X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8215754365980649; Jorge, Marco Antonio; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7195-9364; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9491207553911468; Lira, Pablo Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-5219; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1429716140765041This thesis is composed of three essays that aim to understand the main aspects of crime in Brazil in three forms. First, checking how it behaves in the territory, observing which places are most affected and what their trend is. Second, analyzing the effects of the factors that condition it and, mainly, the exogenous spatial effects, related to the conditions in neighboring municipalities. And, finally, evaluating the effectiveness of a public policy aimed at reducing violence. The first essay aimed to analyze the spatial patterns of violence, through an exploratory analysis of spatial data, and test the hypothesis of convergence of homicide rates, in Brazilian municipalities, for the period from 2005 to 2019, through β-convergence models, using panel data and considering spatial effects. The results showed that not only is the process of convergence in homicide rates occurring, but practically all municipalities in the country are close to their stationary states, with a certain individual equilibrium rate. The second essay aimed to analyze the conditions of crime in Brazilian municipalities, from 2005 to 2016, emphasizing the effects of exogenous spatial interactions, through the SLX, SDEM and SDM models. The results showed that spatially lagged explanatory variables are significant in explaining homicide rates. In general, crime was positively affected by the level of income and demographic density of the municipality itself and neighboring municipalities; and negatively due to economic development and the proportion of young men in the neighbors. Furthermore, the results showed the existence of heterogeneity regarding the responses to the determinants in the different regions. Therefore, regional characteristics must be taken into account when developing public policies, since the same policy, applied in two different regions, tends to produce different results. Finally, the third essay aimed to evaluate the impact of the Programa Estado Presente, implemented in 2011, in Espírito Santo, on homicide rates in the municipalities that received the treatment, so that reducing lethal violence was the main objective of the program. For this purpose, a difference-in-differences method was used based on the semiparametric estimator proposed by Callaway and Sant’Anna (2021). The analysis was carried out considering two groups, defined based on the year in which the municipalities were initially treated. The results showed a strong heterogeneity in the treatment effects in each of the groups. In the 2011 Group, formed by the largest and most violent municipalities in the state, a 38.1% reduction in homicide rates was estimated. In the 2013 Group, formed by municipalities in less violent regions, the program did not have a statistically significant effect. Considering the effect of the treatment in the 2011 Group, it was estimated that the program prevented around 428 homicides, on average, annually, totaling 1,713 lives saved during the period in which it was active. Therefore, the results indicated that the program was effective in reducing homicides in the state of Espírito Santo.