Mestrado em Biodiversidade Tropical
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- ItemSabedoria popular dos pescadores do norte do Espírito Santo: contexto conservacionista de Epinephelus itajara (Lichtenstein, 1822).(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-05-07) Herculano, Henrique Campiao; Silva, Mauricio Hostim; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5061-9125; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7529427825546114; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6232696705573735; Zappes, Camilah Antunes; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5486-6577; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0217232489124641; Ferreira, Simone Raquel Batista; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2782-9057; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1263240256242074The Goliath Grouper (Epinephelus itajara) features reduced populations in your entire ocurrence area, because of the overfishing, and the loss of the breeding habitats and the growth sites like mangroves. In addition to having slow growth rates, performs reproductive aggregation, sexually late maturity and are territorialist. Because of this factors and the verified reduction of the species, the goliath grouper is in the red list of the threatened with extinction species of UICN. E. itajara can reach weights above 400kg and live more than 38 years. Use to be founded next to shipwrecks, bridge pillars, stone sites and rocky shore tips. With the use of the Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK), this methodology find in its principles and reliability on the intrinsic knowledge of the more experienced and recognized fishermen by the local community, thus it has been established as an important tool about the most various environmental actors. Twenty-six key fishermen from the ES north region were interviewed through LEK, at first was identified a community with low income and educational level. However, the flavours about the aspects of the species biology was vast, presented, clearly, important items of the diet, like crab and catfish, seasonality of species, the first maturation phase and habitat description of the juveniles and adults at the region. These data were compatible with the works published with the same thematic and ecology and reproduction areas of E. itajara. Through LEK, was identified a local population decline of 68% along 4 decades, was unanimous the need for conservation of the grouper among the interviewees and was possible identify 22 ocurrence points with 3 probably places of reproductive aggregation at the region. These data show us the need for maintenance of the protection of the species secretary, reclassification and expansion of the Conservation Units of the region and, mainly, a greater involvement of the local community in decision-making in relation to existing UCs, obeying the Decree n° 6040, of February 7th, 2007, that guarantees the participation of the populations involved in the elaboration of public policies regarding their area of use.
- ItemEfeito da matriz urbana e rural na diversidade de árvores na floresta atlântica brasileira(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-07-03) Aguiar, Alana Felipe Scheidegger de; Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1854-2441; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4502113593775550; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9688-862X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8089869921851497; Saporetti Junior, Amilcar Walter; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4397-8634; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9178041581092599; Hoffmann, Diego; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7542-5933; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1447856831701449Fragmentation, habitat loss, agricultural production and expansion of urban centers change the structure of landscape and are the main threats to biodiversity. With the trend for these changes to increase in coming years, understanding how these impacts affect biodiversity and ecosystem functioning may allow the development of appropriate means of managing the remaining biodiversity. In the present study, we evaluate the effects of land use changes on the taxonomic and functional diversity of trees in nine fragments in the globally threatened Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Rural landscapes in this study included fragments inserted into a predominantly agricultural matrix (e.g. coffee, sugar cane, forestry). The urban landscapes, in turn, were fragments sampled within an urban center, whose dominant matrix are buildings, houses and streets. Thus, the present study aimed to: (i) evaluate the effect of land use intensification on the richness and abundance of tree species; (ii) analyze the effect of anthropogenic landscapes on three dimensions of functional tree diversity; and (iii) evaluate the impact of different anthropogenic landscapes on functional tree traits, vulnerable to the process of habitat degradation. The results suggest that the fragments present in the rural landscape presented higher taxonomic and functional diversity. On the other hand, urban forests presented a lower taxonomic and functional diversity, as well as a generalized reduction of functional traits related to fauna resource availability and natural forest regeneration. In highly fragmented and expanding agricultural / urban landscapes such as rainforests, management strategies are necessary, since the loss of certain traits results in consequences on goods and services important to humans and the functioning of natural ecosystems.
- ItemFlora do Espírito Santo: gêneros Alicia, Amorimia, Barnebya, Bunchosia, Carolus, Dicella, Heladena, Hiraea, Lophopterys, Mascagnia, Mezia, Niedenzuella, Tetrapterys e Thryallis (Malpighiaceae)(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-09-18) Barros, Paulo Henrique Dettmann; Dutra, Valquiria Ferreira; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1547-1377; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3013977840496049; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9824-776X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6000286960964930; Araujo, Anderson Geyson Alves de; https://orcid.org/0000000158105145; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1215590706270175; Oliveira, Juliana Rosa do Para Marques de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3134-5784; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5546014514021118The state of Espírito Santo is fully inserted in the Atlantic Forest, which is considered one of the most diverse biogeographic zones and most at risk with the fragmentation of natural areas. The flora of the state of Espírito Santo is still poorly studied and in recent studies its richness has been increasingly revealed. This work follows a series of studies focused on the taxonomy of Malpighiaceae in the state of Espírito Santo, presenting the taxonomic treatment of 14 genera. This study aims to expand the taxonomic knowledge of genera for the state, show the geographical distribution of species, make descriptions, identification keys and illustrations of species. Through material analysis, 26 species were found in herbariums and field expeditions that took place between January 2018 to April 2019, from the studied genera the largest was Tetrapterys (4 spp.) followed by Bunchosia, Hiraea, Mascagnia e Niedenzuella (3 spp. each), Dicella (2 spp.), Alicia, Amorimia, Barnebya, Carolus, Heladena, Lophopterys, Mezia e Thryallis (1 sp. each), among the species found there were two new occurrences for the state Hiraea macrophylla and H. restingae, both known only for the state of Rio de Janeiro. No presente trabalho propõe-se uma visão metaética sobre a Teoria dos Sistemas Sociais Comunicativos Autorreferenciais de Niklas Luhmann na qual busca-se identificar sobre quais condições é possível a ocorrer a reconstrução normativa nos sistemas sociais. Em sistemas que operam em um ambiente de complexidade infinita, criando complexidade interna para serem capazes de processar e reduzir a complexidade externa como condição de operabilidade, a reconstrução normativa torna-se condição de continuidade sistêmica. Sistemas que não conseguem, no processo de formação de juízos de valor para construir sentido, controlar o conteúdo das crenças justificadoras desses juízos morais, permitindo, inclusive, sua alteração, não possuem continuidade num ambiente de crescente complexidade. Neste contexto, a autorreferência é a condição para que ocorra a reconstrução normativa nos sistemas sociais, capaz de permitir, na formação dos juízos de valor, que suas crenças justificadoras, sejam dadas como problema, No presente trabalho propõe-se uma visão metaética sobre a Teoria dos Sistemas Sociais Comunicativos Autorreferenciais de Niklas Luhmann na qual busca-se identificar sobre quais condições é possível a ocorrer a reconstrução normativa nos sistemas sociais. Em sistemas que operam em um ambiente de complexidade infinita, criando complexidade interna para serem capazes de processar e reduzir a complexidade externa como condição de operabilidade, a reconstrução normativa torna-se condição de continuidade sistêmica. Sistemas que não conseguem, no processo de formação de juízos de valor para construir sentido, controlar o conteúdo das crenças justificadoras desses juízos morais, permitindo, inclusive, sua alteração, não possuem continuidade num ambiente de crescente complexidade. Neste contexto, a autorreferência é a condição para que ocorra a reconstrução normativa nos sistemas sociais, capaz de permitir, na formação dos juízos de valor, que suas crenças justificadoras, sejam dadas como problema, permitindo um controle sobre o conteúdo moral por meio da perspectividade. In the present work it is proposed a metahetical view on Niklas Luhmann's Theory of Self-Referential Communicative Social Systems in which it is sought to identify on which conditions it is possible to occur the normative reconstruction in social systems. As systems operate in an environment of infinite complexity, creating internal complexity to be able to process and reduce external complexity as a condition of operability, normative reconstruction becomes a condition of systemic continuity. Systems that cannot, in the process of forming value judgments to construct meaning, control the content of the justifying beliefs of these moral judgments, even allowing their alteration, do not have conditions of continuity in an increasingly complex environment. In this context, self-referencing is the condition for normative reconstruction in social systems, capable of allowing, in the formation of value judgments, that their justifying beliefs be given as a problem, allowing a control over moral content through perceptivity.
- ItemEstrutura genética entre os boto-cinzas (Sotalia guianensis, Van Bénéden 1864) do litoral sul da Bahia e do Espírito Santo(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-09-06) Mendes, Fabio Ribeiro; Rosa, Ana Paula Cazerta Farro da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3536-1653; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0283101629974718; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3119-1295; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2139618384557451; Vargas, Sarah Maria; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8042-7295; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1956218219090768; Cunha, Haydee Andrade; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8554-0238; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4931150646607381Sotalia guianensis is a small cetacean of the Delphinidae family distributed continuously along the coastal region of Central and South America. This study evaluated a possible genetic structure between gray porpoises off the coast of Espirito Santo and southern Bahia. A total of 203 individuals were analyzed: 18 from SBA-A (southern Bahia a), 75 from SBA-b to NRD (southern Bahia b to the north of Rio Doce) and 110 from SRD to South ES (South ES of the Doce River). A 409bp fragment from the control region of mitochondrial DNA was obtained. A total of 18 haplotypes were found, seven of them exclusive to SBA-a, two to SRD to the south of ES. The haplotypic and nucleotide diversity were respectively for each region, SBA-a (h = 0.8889; π = 0.266521), SBA-b for NRD (h = 0.8071; π = 0.1449862) and SRD for the South ES (h = 0.8359; π = 0.179052). It was possible to evidence the genetic structure between the three regions, being higher between SBA-a and SBA-b until NRD (Fst = 0.14163 p
- ItemRevisão taxonômica de uma população de Bothrops neuwiedi wagler in spix, 1824 (serpentes: viperidae) isolada no estado do Rio De Janeiro, Brasil(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-08-26) Ortiz, Flora Roncolatto; Bernils, Renato Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5284-0827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0409824847285874; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1094-9979; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0253729215217255; Prado, Gustavo Machado; https://orcid.org/0000000200442656; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3357539375137456; Argolo, Antonio Jorge Suzart; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7471408974598135abstract