Ciências Veterinárias

URI Permanente desta comunidade

http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17470

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias

Centro: CCAE
Telefone: (28) 3552 8983
URL do programa: http://www.cienciasveterinarias.ufes.br/pos-graduacao/PPGCV

Navegar

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 118

Aferição do perfil metabólico em dois grupos genéticos de vacas primíparas holandês x gir em dois períodos da lactação no período da seca nos trópicos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2010-08-30) Bolzan, Raphael Pires; Stradiotti Júnior, Deolindo; Pereira Júnior, Olavo dos Santos; Clipes, Renata Cogo
Aferição do perfil metabólico em dois grupos genéticos de vacas primíparas holandês x gir em dois períodos da lactação no período da seca nos trópicos
Ambiente térmico e desempenho de leitões até a desmama alimentados com dieta suplementada com óleo de coco
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-07-03) Deminicis, Renata Gomes da Silveira; Mendonça, Pedro Pierro; Vargas Junior, José Geraldo de; Paula, Marcos Oliveira de
Among the oils used for animal energy supplementation, coconut oil has been shown to be superior in weight gain and improved feed conversion. By having greater amount of medium-chain fatty acids makes has a different metabolic behavior by virtue of its structural characteristics, permitting high absorption in the intestine. The objective of this study was to perform environmental characterization, evaluate performance and mortality birth weaning piglets undergoing diet supplemented with coconut oil. The experiment was carried out using pig maternity facilities in White Clay Farm in the town of Canaan, located in the Zona da Mata, southeastern Minas Gerais. It is testing the use of coconut oil supplementation in suckling piglets from birth to weaning was done. 120 animals were distributed in a completely randomized design, with two treatments (supplementation with oil and without supplementation) with four replications (matrices) and 12 piglets each. The shelters provided stable conditions in the hottest hours of the day, over the stalls. The relative humidity remained below ideal levels for pigs at the hottest times of the day; BGT was appropriate on the recommendation of thermal comfort. It was found that there was no effect ( p> 0.05 ) of supplementation with coconut oil use over the average daily weight gain (g / day) of piglets until weaning , the obtained values were 227 g / day and 228 g/day , without the use and the use of coconut oil , however the mortality rate of the piglets was supplemented by 1.66 % for those who received no supplementation it was 5%, showing the importance of coconut oil when taking into consideration the production of piglets per sow .
Análise espacial da favorabilidade de ocorrência de cisticercose bovina no Estado do Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-07-30) Avelar, Barbara Rauta de; Santos, Alexandre Rosa dos; Martins, Isabella Vilhena Freire; Barioni, Graziela; Pinto, Paulo Sergio de Arruda
The bovine cysticercosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease with economic importance, caused by the larval stage of Taenia saginata,Cysticercus bovis. The objective of this work was to criate a risk map of the bovine cysticercosis occurrence in the Espírito Santo State . Through a literature review raised the following variables as important for the occurrence of there is parasitosis: sanitary sewage inappropriate (SSI), cattle population by municipality (CPM), use and occupation of the ground (UOG) and flood risk (FR). The database was criate using the data provided by IBGE for SSI and CPM. The data mapping was carried out in the program ArcGIS/ArcInfo 10.1., in which a mathematical model was develop involving the selected variables resulting map risk for the occurrence of bovine cysticercosis in the state. The map showed that the state of Espírito Santo predominate areas medium risk for the occurrence of the parasite, while areas of high and very high risk does not reach 12% of the study area and are mainly located in the northern region in the state. The use of GIS helped in the elucidation of the sites risk of bovine cysticercosis in the Espírito Santo State, and with it, more severe measures of control and prevention of bovine cysticercosis should be directed in the countries of the State with areas of high and very high risk
Associação entre a leucose enzoótica bovina e a mastite
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-02-23) Almeida, Sayanne Luns Hatum de; Zanini, Marcos Santos; Barioni, Graziela; Martins, Isabella Vilhena Freire; Donatele, Dirlei Molinari
Enzootic Bovine Leukosis (EBL) in addition to causing economic losses leads to important changes in immunity. This end up compromising the response aga inst other pathogens, thus increasing the chance of developing other concomitant disease s, mainly infectious diseases, among them mastitis. The objective of the presen t study was to evaluate whether there is an association between EBL and mastitis, in addition to determining the prevalence of EBL and mastitis in dairy cows in the Caparaó reg ion, south of Espírito Santo State. 899 crossbred dairy cows were used in d ifferent stages of lactation coming from properties located in the 12 municipalities th at compose the region of Caparaó Capixaba, in the south of Espírito Santo. The detection of clinical mastitis was performed by identifying the clinical signs of inflammation in the ma mmary gland and by the test of the black background mug and subclinical mastitis was diagnosed by the CMT (California Mastitis Test) test. The diagnosis of EBL wa s performed using the agar gel immunodiffusion technique (A GID ). The results were tabulated and the prevalence was demonstrated through descriptive a nalysis. Statistical analysis of Spearman's correlation coefficient was performed to ve rify the degree of correlation between presence of mastitis, clinical mastitis, presence of subclinical mastitis and EBL. Associations between dependent variables (mastitis, clinical mastitis and subclinical mastitis) and the independent variable ( EBL ) were estimated by the ratio of Odds Ratio (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals. The chi- square test was used to verify the significance of the associations. The prevalence for EB L found in Caparaó was 56.51% (508/899). Of the 70 properties, 94.29% h ad at least one positive animal for the disease. The presence of clinical and subclinica l mastitis was observed in 5.78% (53/899) and 44.27% (398/899) of the eva luated animals, respectively. A total of 61.24% (253/418) of cows with mastitis and positive for EB L were found. Mastitis ( ? = 0.088, p = 0.008) and subclinical mastitis ( ? = 0.091, p = 0.006) showed a significant positive correlation with leukosis at the 0. 01 level of significance. While clinical mastitis ( ? = 0.077, p = 0.021) showed a positive correlation with leucosis. The Odds Ratio (OR) ranged from 1,101 - 1,874, 1,099 - 3,74 5 and 1,109 - 1,893 for mastitis, clinical mastitis and subclinical mastitis respectively. That is, Bovine Leukosis virus (BLV) infection increases the chances of the infected animal acquiring mastitis, clinical or subclinical mastitis. It was observed in this study that animals with EB L are about 2.03% more likely to acquire clinical mastitis, and 1.45% more likely to acquire subclinical mastitis. In view of the data obtained, it is possible to conclude that BLV is widely distributed in the dairy herds of Caparaó Capixaba region and the prevalence of mastitis is high. In addition, it has been found that EB L may increase the animal's chances of acquiring mastitis, be it in its clinical or subclinical form.
Atividade secretória e histologia uterina de cadelas pré-púberes com ablação parcial do desenvolvimento das glândulas endometriais
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-08-26) Martins, Bianca Barcelos; Luz, Marcelo Rezende; Neves, Mariana Machado; Siqueira, Jeanne Broch
The use of steroids with actions in the female reproductive system may affect the development and differentiation of the uterus, which can lead to abnormal development of endometrial glands, with decreased reproductive efficiency and even sterility. Thus, this methodology could be applied in the population control of dogs. However, in cases of partial inhibition of the development of the glands is not known effects of steroids on the functionality formed glands, as well as the possible occurrence of endometrial fibrosis. This study aimed to evaluate the secretory activity of the endometrial glands of prepubertal bitches undergoing a protocol for partial ablation of endometrial glands development. We used sixteen female mongrel bitches from different litters, distributed in the MPA group (n = 8), females that received injections of medroxyprogesterone acetate (10mg/kg/SC), every 3 weeks, from day 1 after birth until the age of six months, and C (n = 8), control females, untreated, which received applications of 0.9% NaCl solution. At 6 months of age, ovariohysterectomy was performed in all animals, and samples of uterine horns were collected and fixed for histology and histochemistry. To evaluate the intensity of uterine secretion (grades 1-4), the stains of periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and Alcian Blue (AB) pH 2.5 were used. For histological analysis we used Masson s trichrome and toluidine blue staining. Statistical analysis was performed by Kruskal-Wallis test, using the R software, with significance level of 5%. No dog in both groups exhibited cystic endometrial hyperplasia (HCE) and presence of content in the uterine lumen. For PAS only the grades 1 (absent) and 2 (mild) were observed in both groups, without difference between groups. However, the MPA showed greater intensity of uterine secretion (grade 2) in comparison to the C group (p <0.05). With respect to AB pH 2.5, in both groups we also found only the grades 1 (absent) and 2 (mild), without statistical difference between groups. There was no Masson s trichrome staining in the periglandular region in both groups. There was greater amount of mast cells present in the region of the myometrium in relation to the endometrium in both groups. It is concluded that prepubertal bitches with partial ablation of uterine adenogenesis present minimal uterine secretory activity, absence of uterine periglandular fibrosis and presence of larger amount of mast cells in the myometrium in relation to the endometrium
Autohemoterapia em ratos (Rattus norvegicus) : efeito sobre o nível do fator de necrose tumoral (TNF-a) e leucócitos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-07-09) Cáo, Mirleide de Araújo; Porfírio, Lenir Cardoso; Zanini, Marcos Santos; Ignacchiti, Mariana Drummond Costa
The autohemotherapy (AH), used for more than 30 years is an old procedure that in recent years, are among the studies that involve human and veterinary medicine. The AH stimulating the proposal of increasing macrophages in order to combat bacteria, viruses and cancer cells. For stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system, bone marrow produces more monocytes that will colonize the tissues and given the name macrophage. For this reason, the Tnf-alpha was quantumly tested to evaluate the defense system in rats that could be used or not, as an alternative to contribute to immunogenicity and protection levels in pets. Among the important cintocinas is the tumoral necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), which is secreted by macrophages, T cells, B cells and fibroblasts, and can act on almost all nucleated cells. It is also a mediator of many inflammatory and immune functions, which regulates the growth of many cell types. For the evaluation were used 16 healthy rats, Wistar, with the same weights and ages. The animals were divided into two groups with eight animals each, being the G1 the control group (physiological saline) and G2 the AH group. All animals had their blood collected for laboratory analysis before any procedure. Blood was collected for laboratory analysis to determine the levels of TNF-a and CBC. For quantitation of TNF-a was used ELISA kit (-linked immunosorbent assay) b100784 Rat TNF-a and the color intensity was measured at 450 nm. When evaluating this work the values of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-a) present, as well as WBC of rats submitted to two AH procedures. The results show that there is increased TNF-a after application of HA and the number of lymphocytes and monocytes in the moment M2 also increases with a reduction in the production of cell M3. Based on the data obtained in this work, there were changes in the levels of TNF-a, the increase is evident 8 hours 7 days after the procedure AH. In the WBC is increased number of cells, such as lymphocytes and monocytes 8 hours 7 days after application of HA
Avaliação cardíaca e metabólica de gatos obesos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-04-04) Borlini, Daniel Cometti; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Costa, Fabiano Séllos; Champion, Tatiana
Avaliação cardiovascular e índice glicêmico em estro, gestação e puerpério em cadelas
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-02-27) Aguiar, Mayara Cristini Ferreira de; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Champion, Tatiana; Favarato, Evandro Silva
Avaliação de diluidores de congelamento de sêmen por meio de utilização de sondas fluorescentes em garanhões da raça mangalarga
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-06-28) Costa, Márcio Nunes Cordeiro; Martins, Carla Braga; Barioni, Graziela; Aurnheimer, Rita de Cássia Martins
Avaliação do farelo integral de pimenta rosa (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) como promotores de produção na dieta de frangos de corte
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011-03-24) Gonçalves, Fabiano Gomes; Zanini, Surama Freitas; Vargas Júnior, José Geraldo de; Colnago, Geraldo Luiz
The aim of these studies was to evaluate, a first experiment, chemical composition of whole Brazilian red pepper meal (BRPM) and its use in the broilers diet with base on performance and liver function. A second experiment was to evaluate the inclusion of whole Brazilian red pepper meal (BRPM) associated or not with antibiotic growth promoters on performance, intestinal morphometry and on liver function in broiler diet. In the first experiment a total of 396 day-old male chicks, Cobb, distributed in a randomized design of three treatments and six replicates of 22 broilers each, constituted of the negative control - basal diet without growth promoter or whole Brazilian red pepper; positive control – basal diet with zinc bacitracin and salinomycin; diet with 1.2% BRPM. It was determined the concentration of phenolic compounds in all experimental diets, as well as whole meal. Regarding the chemical composition of the BRPM it was verified that the ether extract, crude fiber, calcium, total phenolics, total and condensed tannins were higher than in corn, although other nutrients such as protein and phosphorus have values close those observed in this grain. There was no difference (P>0,05) between treatments on animal performance. The BRPM reduced (P<0,05) the concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzymes at 21 and 41 days old, respectively, compared to the CN, without compromising the weight gain (P>0,05). In the second experiment a total of 528 day-old male chicks, Cobb, distributed in a randomized design in groups of six treatments and four replicates of 22 birds each: T1: Negative Control (NC) - basal diet without BRPM or antibiotics; T2: Positive Control (PC) - basal diet with 1,2% BRPM; T3: PC + 11ppm zinc bacitracin and 17ppm salinomycin, T4: PC + 22ppm zinc bacitracin and 34ppm salinomycin; T5: PC + 33ppm zinc bacitracin and 51ppm salinomycin; T6: PC + 45ppm zinc bacitracin and 67ppm salinomycin. At 21 days of age it was observed elevated values of aspatate aminotransferase (AST) in broilers fed diet BRPM associated with higher additions of antibiotics compared to the others (P<0.05). Serum concentrations of AST, ALT and GGT in broiler chickens fed diet with 1.2% of BRPM did not differ from negative control at 21 and 41 days old. In period of 1-43 days-old, it was observed that the inclusion of BRPM with or without growth promoter reduced (P<0,05) feed intake and improved feed gain ratio compared with NC. It was observed that the broilers fed diet with antibiotics associated with the BRPM, in amounts up to 22mg/kg of zinc bacitracin and 34mg/kg of salinomycin resulted on higher of villus height compared with NC. It was concluded that partial substitution of corn by BRPM did not reduce the animal performance and that can be used to replace antibiotic growth promoters without decrease on animal performance, viability and production factor. The supplementation of 1.2% BRPM did not influence liver function and the inclusion of high doses of antibiotics associated with the BRPM resulted in hepatic dysfunction.
Avaliação do potencial anti-helmíntico do extrato etanólico e óleo essencial de Chenopodium ambrosioides L. no controle de Ancylostoma spp. de cães
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-12-10) Monteiro, Jessica Nascimento Moraes; Porfírio, Lenir Cardoso; Martins, Isabella Vilhena Freire; Santos, Fúlvia Maria dos; Costa, Adilson Vidal
Phytotherapy is often used for parasitic diseases controlling in several animal species. This study aimed to evaluate the infective larvae (L3) of Ancylostoma spp. immersed in ethanol extract and Chenopodium ambrosioides L. essential oil in the in vitro test. It was used distilled water (negative control) and albendazole and commercial association of praziquantel, pyrantel pamoate and febantel (positive controls). The ethanol extract of C. ambrosioides L. at concentration of 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, 4.0%, 5.0%, 6.0%, 8.0%, 10.0%, 12.0 % and 20% had insufficient activity to the larvicidal effect. The essential oil at concentration of 150µL.mL-1 was effective against L3. The formulation of a biscuit manipulated with a concentration of 37,5 µL.g-1 of the C. ambrosioides L essential oil reduced the number of eggs per gram of the dogs feces. Twenty-six adult dogs were divided into three groups for in vivo testing: F1 (biscuit without active ingredient), F2 (biscuit with C. ambrosioides L. active principle), F3 (biscuit with allopathic active ingredient). At the CBC, there were significant differences in F1 for values of red blood cells, hematocrit and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and albumin in serum biochemistry. The F2 showed difference in MCHC and in biochemical the serum protein and globulin. The F3, lymphocytes and monocytes values in the blood count and albumin and globulin were different between M1 and M2. At the parasitological exam F1 remained parasitized, while the F2 reduced significantly the infection and F3 showed negative result in M2. It is concluded that the formulation of a biscuit manipulated with C. ambrosioides L essential oil reduced the Ancylostoma spp. infection in naturally infected dogs
Avaliação ecodopplercadiográfica em cães submetidos à tranquilização com acepromazina e fentanil
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-02-22) Santos, Edina Alves dos; Martins, Carla Braga; Aptekmann, Karina Preising; Trivilin, Leonardo Oliveira; Ferreira, Felipp da Silveira
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the tranquilization with acepromazine and fentanyl intramuscularly, alone or in combination, and oral acepromazine on the echocardiographic parameters, besides its action as a facilitator of the echocardiographic examination (ECHO). Ten adult Rottweiler dogs were randomly grouped and distributed in a Latin square design. Each pair was submitted to different tranquilizing protocols, 20 minutes before the echocardiographic evaluation, totaling five treatments for each pair, performed at seven-day intervals between the evaluations. The treatments were: TC (control treatment), TA (intramuscular acepromazine), TAO (oral acepromazine), TF (fentanyl) and TAF (acepromazine associated with fentanyl). In addition to the echocardiographic parameters, the degree of reassurance, duration of the exam, heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RF) in the different protocols were evaluated. There was a significant reduction in left ventricular diameter in systole and diastole (DIVEs and DIVEd), systolic excursion of the annular tricuspid plane (ESPAT), mitral annular movement (MAM) and mitral E / mitral A ratio (E / A ratio) . There was a decrease in PASS in all protocols, however, it was only significant in TAO. TAO and TA were the protocols that made the echocardiographic examination easier to perform because of a greater degree of reassurance, a decrease in HR and RF, and consequently a reduction in the time of examination. It is concluded that acepromazine used alone orally or intramuscularly, is a good protocol to promote tranquilization during the ECHO in healthy dogs, however, it has a tendency to decrease the PASS and may alter the echocardiographic parameters dependent on the pre-charge. Fentanyl used alone or in combination does not facilitate echocardiographic examination in dogs.
Avaliação histopatológica e imunoistoquímica de fígados de bovinos cronicamente infectados por Fasciola hepatica
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2010-02-10) Trivilin, Leonardo Oliveira; Martins, Isabella Vilhena Freire; Nunes, Louisiane de Carvalho; Pereira Júnior, Olavo dos Santos; Sequeira, Teresa Cristina Goulart de Oliveira
Bioquímica hepática e função tireoidiana de cães hígidos tratados com prednisona
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011-03-25) Lanis, Adriene Brêtas; Costa, Fabiano Séllos; Porfírio, Lenir Cardoso; Paes, Paulo Ricardo de Oliveira
Prednisone is one of the most prescribed glucocorticoid in veterinary medicine, and although it provides many positive effects, it also provides some adverse effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate in dog submitted to prednisone therapy, the occurrence of steroid hepatopathy, and the changes in hormone tests thyroid function. Eight healthy adult dogs, without gender distinction, were utilized for this. The experiment was divided into two moments, the initial moment being prior to the use of prednisone, and the following moment after 30 days of the use of prednisone. The dosage administered was 2mg for each kg, each 24 hours, orally. It was possible to conclude through serum biochemical analysis that there was significant hepatic lesion, characterized through significant increase for ALT and AST values. It is also possible conclude significant decrease for the values of T4, free T4 by dialysis (P<0.05). Thus it is recommended that the use of this drug is accompanied by laboratory monitoring.
Cães de busca, resgate e salvamento : uma abordagem sobre o condicionamento físico
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-02-28) Feitosa, Caroline Sant' Anna; Trivilin, Leonardo Oliveira; Schwartz, Denise Saretta; Zanini, Surama Freitas
Military dogs are often subjected to strenuous activities that require high metabolic activity. Tracing the profile of the physiological adaptation of these animals to the exercise allows the trainer to work with greater safety, aswell as to adapt them according to the individual performance. However, to design an ideal physical training for these animals it is necessary to understand the changes that occur in the physiological parameters during the mode of developed activity. The aim of this study was to trace the cardiac troponin I (cTnI), lactate and glucose profile, as well as to monitor heart rate (HR) variations and to verify cardiac electrophysiological changes induced by exercise in dogs of the Military Fire Brigade of Espírito Santo (CBM-ES). To that end, five animals belonging to the K9 team of CBM-ES underwent 60-minute searchand rescue training in a forest area of approximately 50,000m². The target variables of this study were evaluated at different times. HR, glucose and lactate were assessed before, during and at various times after the activity, whereas ECG and cTnI were evaluated before and after exercise at different times. There was no significant difference in glucose values between the pre-exercise moment and the other evaluation times. Lactate increased significantly at the end of the exercise, and significant differences were also observed at thirty minutes and sixty minutes recovery. Troponin levels increased after physical activity and remained elevated for up to four hours post-activity. At twelve hours post-activity the cTnI levels began to decline, remaining with this behavior until twenty-four hours after the end of the exercise. Regarding HR, no significant difference was observed in the values compared to the basal HR of the animals. However, at the 60'EXERC time, a higher mean heart rate was observed, and at the time 15'RECUP values were close to the basal values. The electrocardiographic examination revealed an increase in P wave duration at all moments evaluated and a slight increase in QRS interval at moments PRÉ, 60'EXERC, 30'RECUP and 60'RECUP, as well as increase ofT wave at moments 60'EXERC, 15'RECUP and 60'RECUP. The results obtained in the present research indicate that the animals are adapted to the physical exercise in the intensity and duration in which it was practiced, as well as suffer atrial overload due to search, rescue and rescue training.
Cafeína para peixe de corte
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-02-20) Moraes, Stefani Grace da Silva; Mendonça, Pedro Pierro; Vargas Júnior, José Geraldo; Cardoso, Leonardo Demier
Caffeine is a substance capable of acting on energy metabolism, resulting in a greater oxidation of adipose tissue. In this work, it was evaluated the influence of caffeine in feeding Tambacu hybrid (female Colossoma macropomum X male of Piaractus mesopotamicus) on the yield and composition of the carcasses of these animals. Two experiments were carried out at the Federal Institute of science and technology - Campus - Alegre, with a duration of 35 days per experimental period. Both experiments were performed in a completely randomized design (DIC), with four treatments T1 = 0.00; T2 = 0.16; T3 = 0.32 and T4 = 0.48g of caffeine / kg of feed and five replicates, with ten animals each. Isocaloric diets 3100Kcal of DE and isoproteic 32% of CP. The animals were randomly distributed in 20 net’s tanks of 1 m², experimental units, equipped with feeders and lids. During the experimental period, the animals were fed three times a day (08:00h, 12:00h. and 16:00h), and 2% of the animals' biomass were offered. The variables used to quantify the effect of these substances were: yield and chemical composition of the carcass. During the experimental period the physicalchemical characteristics of the water were also analyzed. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that caffeine can be added in the diet for Tambacu and Nile Tilapia, at doses of 0.14 g / kg of feed, for up to 14 days and 0.16 g / kg of feed, in the period of 16 days, respectively.
Características agronômicas e desempenho de vacas em lactação em pastagem de grama estrela africana sob doses de nitrogênio
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-07-10) Gomes, Lidiany Lopes; Stradiotti Júnior, Deolindo; Morenz, Mirton José Frota; Cóser, Antônio Carlos; Moreira, Gisele Rodrigues
This research was carried out in order to evaluate forage mass, its chemical composition and intake, cows live weight gain, body weight score, animal stocking and milk yield per cow and per area on an stargrass pasture under increasing nitrogen doses, in two seasons. Treatments were 0, 200, 400 e 600 kg/ha/year using urea as nitrogen source. A randomized block design with two replications was used and data were analyzed by mixed models using repeated measures in time (two seasons: from July to September and from September to November, 2013). Lactating Holstein x Zebu cows were blocked by milk production, lactation number, liveweight and by genetic group, using six cows per hectare in the start of the experiment. Beyond pasture dairy cows were fed with 2 kg/cow of a concentrate with 20% Crude Protein (CP) and 70% Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN) and 25 kg/cow/day of sorghum silage, during the experiment. Results showed that nitrogen fertilization exerts positive effect on productive characteristics of the African stargrass pasture and its morphological composition and increases on CP and IVDMD contents with increasing nitrogen doses, but with similar NDF contents. Dry matter intake was better in the fertilized pasture. Daily milk yield per cow was not affected by nitrogen doses applied in the pasture, but there are augments on animal stocking and milk yield per hectare and major values were observed in the pastures that received 400 and 600 kg/ha/year of nitrogen.
Características produtivas da população melhorada EGLRuzi#01 e da cultivar Kennedy de Brachiaria ruziziensis sob pastejo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-02-27) Delprete, Sâmila Esteves_x000D_ .; Moreira, Gisele Rodrigues; Almeida, Maria Izabel Vieira de; Cunha, Gláucio de Mello
The objective was to evaluate productive characteristics under grazing of an improved population of Brachiaria ruziziensis, called EGLRuzi#01, comparing it with the Kennedy commercial cultivar, aiming to evaluate the possibility of launching EGLRuzi#01 as a new forage cultivar. The experiment was implemented in the Experimental Field José Henrique Bruschi (CEJHB) of Embrapa Gado de Leite, in Coronel Pacheco, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. An improved population of B. ruziziensis (EGLRuzi#01) obtained in the third cycle of intrapopulational recurrent selection of the Embrapa Gado de Leite forage breeding program and Kennedy comercial cultivar as a control was evaluated. The variables evaluated were: entrance height; soil cover; tiller population density; leaf percentage, stem and dead material; leaf:stem ratio; pre-grazing forage mass; exit height and post-pastage forage mass. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with two treatments (improved population EGLRuzi#01 and Kennedy cultivar), two blocks and five sub-blocks for the first period and twelve sub-blocks for the second period. Each sub-block was composed of the evaluation dates. The data were submitted to variance analysis (P<0.05) using the SAS MIXED procedure and the maximum likelihood method for estimation of variance components, considering fixed treatment effect and random effects of block and sub-block. There was no significant difference (P<0.05) regarding the entrance height of the animals in the pickets, however, there was a significant difference (P<0.05) for exit height. The exit heights for the EGLRuzi#01 improved population were above the predetermined of 30 cm for the first period and 25 cm for the second. This fact resulted in a lower leaf percentage and higher dead material in the second period (P<0.05). For the variables soil cover, leaf:stem ratio, pre-grazing ans post-grazing forage mass there was no significant difference (P<0.05). There was significant difference (P<0.05) for the tiller population density in the first period, in which the EGLRuzi#01 improved population presented higher value, with 27.90% more tillers per m² in relation to the Kennedy cultivar, a feature that is directly related to pasture perenniality and is related to pasture productivity, which makes interesting the higher tillering characteristic of EGLRuzi#01. Thus, the improved population of B. ruziziensis (EGLRuzi#01) presents superior productive characteristics to the cultivar Kennedy, like the greater tiller population density, that makes it promising to be launched like new commercial cultivar.
Caracterização histomorfológica e histoquímica de esôfagos de tartarugas verdes (Chelonia mydas) com e sem alterações no litoral do Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-02-27) Calais Junior, Antonio de; Nunes, Louisiane de Carvalho; David, José Augusto de Oliveira; Matushima, Eliana Reiko
Caracterização histopatológica e imunoistoquímica de bexigas de bovinos com hematúra enzoótica
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-02-27) Silva, Maria Aparecida da; Nunes, Louisiane de Carvalho; Zanini, Marcos Santos; Sequeira, Júlio Lopes
Bovine enzootic hematuria (BEH) is caused by chronic ingestion of Pteridium aquilinum and is characterized by the presence of blood in the urine and development of lesions in the urinary bladder and is responsible for economic losses. Poisoning by this plant can also occur in humans. The objective was to evaluate the lesions in bladders of animals with BEH in the south region of the Espírito Santo. For this, were evaluated 350 bladders of bovines in a slaughterhouse and, of these, selected 46 that had macroscopic lesions and/or hematuria. Samples of each bladder were fixed in formalin 10% submitted to histological processing and classified by histomorphology. The immunohistochemistry was performed with anti-vimentin, anti-cytokeratin, anti-CD31, anti-VEGF and anti-uroplakin only in the 26 bladders that presented neoplastic lesions. Non-neoplastic lesions were observed in 100% of samples and the neoplastic in 56.52%. The presence of tumors was significant (p<0.05) in the caudal portion of the bladder. Detected neoplastic types were urothelial carcinoma, in situ carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, hemangioma, myxoma and hemangiosarcoma. There was a higher frequency of dysplasia, clear cell metaplasia, inflammation and vascular thickening in bladders with neoplasm. The expression of cytokeratin was significant (p<0.05) in epithelial neoplasms and vimentin in mesenchymal neoplasms. Uroplakin III differed in varied types of neoplastic lesions and showed to be typical and atypical while that of CD31 was significantly (p <0.05) in vascular mesenchymal neoplasms. A significant difference (p <0.05) in the number of vessels extratumorais stained by VEGF between myxomas and adenocarcinomas, and in intratumoral vessels stained by CD31 and VEGF in the different tumor types. Positive correlation existed between the number of intra- and extratumoral vessels in hemangiomas, hemangiosarcomas, and myxomas stained by CD31; between hemangiomas, myxomas, and adenocarcinomas stained with VEGF; between the expression of vimentin and CD31 and between cytokeratin and uroplakin. It is concluded that bladders from bovines with BEH have non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions, isolated or associated. Biomarkers aid in the differentiation of the histogenesis of epithelial and vascular mesenchymal neoplasms. Uroplakin demonstrated to be effective for the assessment of integrity urothelial, and vascular markers (CD31 and VEGF) for endothelial integrity and for prognosis

Navegar

Navegando Ciências Veterinárias por Assunto "619"

Resultados por página

Opções de Ordenação