Agricultura Tropical

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http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17346

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura Tropical

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URL do programa: http://agriculturatropical.ufes.br

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Adubação mineral e espécies nativas na revegetação de base de poço de petróleo em área de restinga
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-08-21) Rosa, Rayane; Pires, Fabio Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5930035056050041; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; Cruz, Leila Beatriz Silva; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Fernandes, Adriano Alves; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4927918119791381
The Atlantic Forest is one of the richest biomes in biodiversity, but the growing urbanization and extractive activities have caused the degradation of these areas and a consequent imbalance of the entire natural cycle of the environment, which makes t
Análise de diversidade genética e ecofisiologia de germinação de Theobroma cacao L.
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-02-22) Lavanhole, Daniele Freisleben; Schmildt, Edilson Romais; Posse, Sheila Cristina Prucoli; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; Machado Filho, José Altino; Souza, Carlos Alberto Spaggiari; Schmildt, Omar
The great variability of fruits and seeds makes it difficult to distinguish existing groups of cocoa. The analysis of genetic diversity has been an important tool to subsidize the identification of promising materials for commercial use. Another factor is the variability between the different cacao genotypes at temperature, highlighting the need and the opportunities for the adequate correlation of the planting material with the local environments. This work is divided into two chapters, the first chapter entitled "Analysis of genetic diversity of Theobroma cacao L.", aiming to analyze genetic diversity using biometric characteristics of fruits and seeds of cacao genotypes, aiming to identify promising materials for commercial use. The genotypes evaluated were Common, TSH-1188, ESFIP-02, CCN-51, Ipiranga-01, SJ-02, PH-16, PS-1319, CEPEC-2002 and Catongo. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were grouped by the Scott-Knott test (p <0.05). Multivariate analysis and estimated genetic divergence were performed by the Tocher and UPGMA grouping method. Genetic divergence was observed among the cacao genotypes, with fruit length, fresh seed weight and lower diameter being the characteristics that contributed most to dissimilarity. The TSH-1188 genotype presented higher averages for the physical characteristics of the seeds, while, ESFIP-02 and SJ-02 presented the highest ºBrix. The second chapter entitled "Ecophysiology of germination of Theobroma cacao L. genotypes" was aimed at evaluating the interaction of genotype with temperatures and drying periods on germination and post-germination development of cacao. In the germination test, the temperatures evaluated were 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40ºC constant and 15-25ºC and 20-30ºC alternated, and the desiccation tolerance was evaluated in the seeds arranged under laboratory conditions (25ºC + 1ºC of temperature and 65% + 5% of humidity) for 0, 2 and 4 days. Germination and vigor were determined based on root protrusion and normal seedling formation. The analysis of variance was performed and the means were compared by the Scott-Knott test (P <0.05). Multivariate analysis was performed and genetic divergence was estimated by the Tocher and UPGMA grouping method. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with four replicates of 25 seeds. Regarding thermal extremes, the TSH-1188 genotype can be considered the most tolerant, while CEPEC-2002, the most sensitive. Both the germination process and the post-germinative process were influenced by the genotype. TSH-1188, ESFIP-02 and Ipiranga-01 presented a higher percentage of normal vigorous seedlings.
BIOMETRIA EM CLONES DE CAFEEIRO CONILON
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-12-08) Santos, Gleyce Pereira; Schmildt, Edilson Romais; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0648502408490406; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Schmildt, Omar; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Krause, Willian; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168
SANTOS, Gleyce Pereira; M.Sc.; Federal University of Espírito Santo; December 2020; Biometrics in conilon coffe clones; Advisor: Edilson Romais Schmildt, Coadvisor: Omar Schmildt. In carrying out scientific experiments, statistics is an important point, b
Compatibilidade de pimenteira-do-reino enxertada em espécies do gênero Piper
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-02-28) Crasque, Jeane; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2731-4195; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0806867434083018; Gontijo, Andreia Barcelos Passos Lima; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3422-4398; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2762003128008528; Schmildt, Edilson Romais; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3457-7997; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0648502408490406; Souza, Carlos Alberto Spaggiari; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7424-8277; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0269965409811811
In the black pepper culture, Brazilian productivity is restricted by several biotic and abiotic factors, highlighting the incidence of the fungus Fusarium solani f. sp. Piperis, since the existing chemical management techniques are not very efficient. Among the strategies, the practice of grafting black pepper cultivars into wild species has proved to be efficient and sustainable, however, the success of this technique depends on the compatibility between the graft and rootstock. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of grafting using various rootstocks and to identify morphophysiological descriptors related to incompatibility. Fusarium species resistant to Piper species were studied using two grafting techniques. In the lateral fork, three native species of the genus Piper (Piper aduncum L., Piper hispidum Sw. And Piper tuberculatum Jacq.) And the cultivar BRS Kottanadan were evaluated as rootstocks. In the top fork experiment, three native species of the genus Piper (Piper arboreum Aubl., P. aduncum and P. tuberculatum) and ´Bankankotta` were evaluated as rootstocks, and as a graft from both trials, cultivar was used Bragantina. The first chapter was entitled “Chlorophyll a fluorescence for assessing the efficiency of grafting of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) under intra and interspecific rootstocks” and the second, entitled “Primary metabolism and its relationship with development of grafted seedlings of black pepper ”. When the photosynthetic apparatus was analyzed using the chlorophyll a fluorescence method, grafting under wild species was better in both grafting methods with a higher performance index of photosynthetic efficiency. The recommended method, at the production level, is the grafting of the side fork in a full slit. It can be concluded that grafting is a viable strategy for mitigating biotic and abiotic factors. As for chapter two, characteristics related to vegetative development, gas exchange, photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrate allocation were evaluated. P. tuberculatum showed initial incompatibility. The analysis of survival over time and the parameters related to the photosynthetic capacity of the graft and seedling quality indicated that there was no incompatibility between ´Bragantina` and the rootstocks P. aduncum, P. hispidum vii and ´Kottanadan`. However, the species P. hispidum and ´Kottanadan` showed greater limitation in union due to difference in diameter. In the study of correlations, it was possible to observe a decrease in investment in aerial parts, contributing to the increase in water use efficiency. The content of AR and AST of the stem above the graft region allowed greater accumulation of dry mass in this region. The species with the highest photosynthetic performance and carbohydrate allocation was P. aduncum
Controle da Camarotella torrendiella e Camarotella acrocomiae no cultivo do Cocos nucifera
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-09-26) Pinto, Jailson Mauricio; Silva, Marcelo Barreto da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6994332479076630; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4051-0051; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5630364581431753; Vitoria, Edney Leandro da; https://orcid.org/0000000222686037; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5385859254036142; Altoe, Jalille Amim; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168
The coconut tree, Cocos nucifera, is one of the most cultivated plant species in the world. It is widespread in more than two hundred countries. In Brazil, Ceará has the highest production of the fruits, followed by Bahia, Sergipe, Pernambuco, Espírito Santo, Alagoas, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Minas Gerais, Piauí and Maranhão. One of the main diseases reported in the literature regarding cocoiculture is sandpaper, caused by the fungus Camarotella torrendiella and Camarotella acrocomiae. The disease can cause losses of up to 50% of production. The research, through the experiments mounted on the "Fazenda coco verde mata sede", Km 28, São Mateus/ES, aimed to analyze the efficacy of fungicide based on Ciproconazole, with the organomineral fertilizer, Agromós, and two products not yet registered with the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply, waiting to be registered as organomineral fertilizers, denominated ASD 2022 and ASV 2022, respectively. For the experiment, a randomized block design was used, with plots subdivided in time, with three plants, nine treatments and six replications, totaling one hundred and sixty-two plants. The products were applied in different doses. Each treatment was evaluated for the number of leaves and the presence of sandpaper. It was sought to find the best combination of the mixture of the fungicide with organimineral products, for the control of the disease in the field, optimizing the cost-benefit. The research was conducted from: 02/09/2022 to 07/15/2023, totaling four applications, eight collections referring to the average of leaves per treatment and the average of the first leaf with sandpaper. For the number of leaves, there were no statistically significant changes compared with the control, while for the analysis of the first leaf with sandpaper, it obtained significant results in comparison with the control, with a gain of more than three leaves without the presence of sandpaper per treatment in relation to the control.
CONTROLE DO FLORESCIMENTO NATURAL DO ABACAXIZEIRO ‘PÉROLA’ E ‘VITÓRIA’ UTILIZANDO CLORIDRATO DE AVIGLICINA (AVG)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-02-26) Pires, Andrea; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1987645206112293; Gontijo, Andreia Barcelos Passos Lima; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3422-4398; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2762003128008528; Caetano, Luiz Carlos Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0907-5028; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5243374838721566
The main factor that makes it difficult to harvest pineapple during periods of more advantageous prices on the market is the natural induction of flowering. Aviglycine hydrochloride (AVG) is an inhibitor of ethylene synthesis worldwide recommended for the control of natural pineapple flowering, however, the recommended dose depends on the environment, genotype and age of the plant. The objective was to evaluate the effect of AVG concentration and control periods on pineapples ‘Pérola’ and ‘Vitória’. The study was conducted in the field, in the municipality of Sooretama, Espírito SantoES, Brazil. The experimental design used was randomized blocks in a 3x3 + 1 factorial scheme, consisting of three concentrations (100, 200 and 400 mg L-1) and three control periods (April-July, May-July and June-July) that corresponded to flowering control in the periods from April to July, May to July and June to July, respectively. The additional treatment (control) was the plants without any application. Each treatment consisted of four replications and each plot consisted of 24 plants. Weekly assessment of the inflorescence emergence was performed, calculating the accumulated flowering. Physical-chemical analysis of the collected fruits was carried out and the data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey test (p <0.05). AVG controls the natural flowering of the pineapple of both cultivars and the effect was proportional to the increase in concentration. However, with the increase in AVG concentration and number of applications, the phytotoxic effects and the reductions in the levels of starch and photosynthetic pigments in the leaves were greater, reducing the vegetative development and the mass of the fruit. The cultivar Pérola was more susceptible to controlling natural flowering, with a longer period of floral inhibition and damage to vegetative and reproductive development when 400 mg L-1 was applied. The weight of the fruits of cultivar Pérola decreased by 15.26%, with an increase in acidity and a reduction in the ratio, while for 'Vitória', the reduction in mass was 30.96%, with a small increase in the levels of soluble solids and reduction in vitamin C. Therefore, we recommend that AVG be applied at a concentration of 100 mg L-1 before climatic conditions occur for natural floral induction, which in the case of the northern coast of Espírito Santo, Brazil, occurs between June and June, and may extend until August, if there are night temperatures below 20 ° C.
Controle do florescimento, desenvolvimento e qualidade de frutos do abacaxizeiro 'vitória' utilizando o paclobutrazol
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-07-30) Silva, Laís Gertrudes Fontana; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6952551138139682; Schmildt, Edilson Romais; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3457-7997; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0648502408490406; Caetano, Luiz Carlos Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0907-5028; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5243374838721566
One of the main limitations that afflicts pineapple growers is the phenomenon of natural flowering. The use of compounds that act on the synthesis of hormones is an alternative for management. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the effect of the concentration of paclobutrazol (PBZ) and the period of application in the pineapple 'Vitória'. The design was in randomized blocks in a factorial scheme (3x3+1), with three concentrations (75, 150 and 300 mg L-1 ) of PBZ and three periods (P1: April-May, P2: May-June and P3: June-July) and an additional treatment (control). Flowering calculation, plant development analysis, photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrate allocation, total nitrogen and fruit physicochemical analysis were performed and the data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey test (p<0.05). All PBZ concentrations inhibited flowering and there was an increase in inhibition time. The PBZ at the concentration of 150 and 300 mg L-1 inhibited the natural flowering in P1 and P2 and 80% in P3. The PBZ induced the development of leaves in relation to the control, however the effect reduced when increasing the concentration. Chlorophyll contents were higher with 150 and 300 mg L-1 of PBZ and were not influenced by the periods. For the carbohydrate contents, the starch showed a significant difference. Nitrogen was influenced in the apical and median part of the leaves. The PBZ reduced the fruit mass, and consequently increased the content of Brix, vitamin C and ratio. Therefore, a concentration of 75 mg L-1 is recommended in the period from May to June.
Cultivo do abacaxizeiro cv. Vitória em função de épocas de plantio e indução floral
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-08-24) Küster, Ivanildo Schmith; Schmildt, Edilson Romais; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; Alexandre, Rodrigo Sobreira; Schmildt, Omar; Posse, Sheila Cristina Prucoli
The Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill popularly known as pineapple, belongs to the Bromeliad family, it is widely consumed in Brazil and worldwide. The consumer market is increasingly demanding for quality products, therefore, due to increased production, producers should seek to raise the standard of quality for potentiating their marketing. The pineapple culture faces some problems in Brazil, one of them concerns fusarium, the principal pathogen is Fusarium guttiforme. Resistant varieties such as cv. Vitória, has become a solution. The natural flowering is another problem that must be avoided as it could result in serious losses for producers. Research worldwide is being made to improve fruit quality. In this context, they have developed two works: the first aimed to evaluate the quality of fruits of pineapple cv. Vitória in planting dates function and floral induction in the north of the Espírito Santo. The second, aimed to study the phenotypic correlation between "D" Leaf characteristics, physical and chemical fruit of pineapple cv. Vitória. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in split plot, with four replications. In the main plot, they were tested different planting dates, corresponding to july 15 and september 01, 2013. The subplots were tested different times of flower induction, corresponding to ages 8, 10, 12 months and natural. Each subplot consisted of 60 plants, being evaluated 30 working plants in the center of the plot. The variables analyzed were: length, width, leaf area, diameter, circumference, fresh weight of the fruit with crown and the crown, central cylinder diameter, pulp thickness, pulp yield, pulp volume, translucent area, soluble solids, acidity titratable, ratio, duration in days from planting to first harvest, artificial induction of commencement of cropping, harvesting, thermal time (ST) in days from planting to artificial induction ST in days of induction at the beginning of the harvest and ST in days from planting to first harvest. Considering all variables, planting in July with induction at eight months is the most suitable for the production of pineapple cv. Vitória in the north of the Espírito Santo. Length and width of the sheet "D" can be used as physical quality indicators of fruits of pineapple cv. Vitória, but it should not be done about the chemical quality. The acidity of the fruits of pineapple cv. Vitória tend to be less with increasing weight of the fruit. The weight of the fruit is not influenced by the weight of the crown, so marketing the fruit in natura can be done without prejudice to the final consumer.
D-limoneno na pós colheita do mamoeiro ‘THB’
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-02-25) Patricio, Flavia Figueira de Souza; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; Schmildt, Edilson Romais; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0648502408490406; Oliveira, Reginaldo Miranda de
Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is one of the most cultivated fruit species in the world, with Brazil being the second largest producer of this crop in the world, however it is still necessary to develop techniques in post-harvest management aimed at improving the quality of the fruit. Papaya has a high moisture content and respiratory rate, being easily damaged, and may suffer losses directly in the fruit due to pulp degradation and economic losses due to lack of consumption in a timely manner. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of a homogeneous solution of citrus essential oil containing D-Limonene on papaya disinfestation in the post harvest process, on extending shelf life and its effect on fruit quality. An in loco experiment was carried out with 'THB' papaya fruits, carried out in a packing house at Fazenda Caliman Agrícola AS. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with six treatments, consisting of four doses of D-Limonene (3000, 4000, 5000, 6000 ppm), a negative control treatment (water) and a conventional standard farm treatment (20 ppm of chlorine), each with four replicates. The fruits were exposed to two tests: fruit storage at 16 °C + 2 °C with evaluations after 8 and 11 days of storage, in which the physicochemical quality was evaluated; in the second trial, the fruits were stored at a temperature of 25°C and evaluated after 7 days of storage to evaluate the incidence of diseases. The results indicated that there was no statistically significant interaction between D-Limonene doses and storage time, for any of the characteristics evaluated. The incidence of diseases was low and was not related to the treatments, a result linked to the high health of the fruits studied. The physicochemical quality of the fruits was not affected by the treatments. It is concluded that the concentrations of D-limonene can be used in papaya post-harvest as they do not affect the quality of the fruit, however, to prove the sanitizing effect, basic research studies should be conducted, with inoculum control.
Efeito do alagamento nas respostas morfofisiológicas em porta - enxertos de cacaueiro (Theobroma cacao L.)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-02-28) Pinto, Maria Luiza Pereira Barbosa; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Gontijo, Andreia Barcelos Passos Lima; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2762003128008528; Souza, Thiago Correa de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Souza, Carlos Alberto Spaggiari; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
The response of cacao to the reduction of oxygen in the soil and recovery after suspension of stress is associated with the plasticity capacity of each genotype, however studies that evaluate the influence of the rootstock on the response to stress are
Enxertia da pimenteira-do-reino em espécies nativas de Piper
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-12-17) Ferrari, Wesley Ribeiro; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8802-8873; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9007887898209977; Falqueto, Antelmo Ralph; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-1873; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2005727951505420; Souza, Thiago Corrêa de; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4991-7704; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2834667104138232
The black pepper crop in Brazil is affected by fusariosis, a disease caused by the fungus Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis, considered the main black pepper disease in the country, responsible for the reduction in productivity and longevity of crops, with no efficient management for the eradication of the disease. An important alternative that could allow the cultivation of black pepper in contaminated areas is the grafting on resistant wild species. However, the use of this technique is not yet established to produce seedlings, since there is a need to identify the graft compatibility in greater diversity of genotypes for rootstock and the best technique for that. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between grafting methods and compatible rootstocks, aiming to determine the best combination, under nursery conditions, that would contribute to the establishment of a protocol to produce grafted seedlings. Black pepper grafting was evaluated using the techniques of side veneer grafting and wedge grafting in six different rootstocks, with four wild species (Piper aduncum Link, Piper tuberculatum Jacq., Piper marginatum Jacq. and Piper hispidum Kunth) and two cultivars of black pepper ('Kottanadan Broto Branco' and 'Bragantina'). The evaluations of setting, root development, aerial part and the quality parameters of the seedlings allowed to determine the initial compatibility of the black pepper grafting in Piper aduncum, by means of top grafting in full slit. The species Piper tuberculatum and Piper marginatum were shown to be incompatible for grafting with P. nigrum. The side veneer grafting method was not efficient to produce seedlings in the nursery conditions established for this experiment.
Lithothamnion sp. Como Bioestimulante De Plantas
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-02-28) Ramos, Elmo Pereira; Schmildt, Edilson Romais ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3457-7997; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0648502408490406; Arantes, Sara Dousseau ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1753-9570; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0515127303694525; Lara, Túlio Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4669-3319; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4770463407331465; Falqueto, Antelmo Ralph ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-1873; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2005727951505420
Lithothamnion sp. is a calcareous algae used in agriculture as a mineral fertilizer. However, studies indicate biostimulant effects in several agricultural crops, but progress is still needed in identifying the mechanisms. The present study consists of four chapters that address the biostimulant effects of the alga Lithothamnion sp. in plants. In the first chapter, the main applications of Lithothamnion sp. in agricultural crops were described in the form of a bibliographical review. In the second and third chapters, different sources of Lithothamnion sp. were evaluated. to identify the dose that results in better quality of seedlings and greater accumulation of nutrients for papaya ‘Aliança’ (Carica papaya L.). In the fourth chapter, the biostimulant effect of Lithothamnion sp. was evaluated. in interaction with indolebutyric acid (IBA) in the development of the root system, vegetative growth, gas exchange and seedling quality of two black pepper cultivars (Piper nigrum L.) ‘Bragantina’ and ‘Kottanadan Broto Branco’. Through the biobliographic review, it was possible to highlight the positive effects of Lithothamnion sp. in stimulating plant growth, fruit quality, productivity and gas exchange, highlighting the auxinic action and the induction of resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. The incorporation of Lithothamnion sp. in the substrate (Chapter 2) and foliar application via drenching (Chapter 3) promoted changes in the quality of seedlings and nutritional content in the “Aliança” papaya tree, mainly calcium, potassium, manganese and zinc. In general, it was noted that Lithothamnion sp. extracted from deposits in Espírito Santo have a greater biostimulant effect on papaya seedlings, compared to those extracted in the states of Maranhão and Bahia. The ideal dose varied between 5 and 6 g L-1 when applied foliarly and 4 Kg m-3 when incorporated into the substrate. In black pepper seedlings, it was noted that the effect of Lithothamnion sp. was independent of indolebutyric acid and cultivars. Lithothamnion sp. promoted shoot growth and root length, with a better response at a dose of 1,80 kg m-3 . However, increasing concentration inhibited adventitious rhizogenesis. The presence of IBA resulted in greater accumulation of biomass, root volume, shoot growth and water use efficiency, providing greater values in the development of seedlings. In the presence of IBA, higher values in seedling development were observed for the cultivar ‘Kottanadan Broto Branco’. In conclusion, it was evident (1) the biostimulating effect of Lithothamnion sp. in the seminal seedlings of the “Aliança” papaya tree and (2) the effectiveness of lower doses of the biostimulant for the clonal seedlings of the black pepper cv. ‘Bragantina’ and ‘Kottanadan Broto Branco’.
Manejo agronômico do abacaxizeiro cv. Vitória visando otimizar a produtividade e qualidade dos frutos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-07-28) Klem, Dayane Littig Barker; Fontes, Patrícia Soares Furno; Schmildt, Edilson Romais; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; Posse, Sheila Cristina Prucoli
In the pineapple crop different management strategies can be used to optimize the production and quality of the fruits in order to meet the requirements of the production chain. Among the recommended strategies are the artificial induction of flowering, however, the success of this technology is highly dependent on the stage of vegetative development of the crop, which depends mainly on the size, type of seedling and planting season. Thus, the aim of this work was to establish a flowering management strategy to optimize fruit production and quality, using different types of cuttings and ages of floral induction. The genotype studied was the Vitoria cultivar, because it be resistant to Fusariose, absence of spines, excellent productivity and fruit quality. In this context, two papers were developed. The first, titled "Performance of pineapple 'Vitória' in response to the types of cuttings and ages of floral induction" and the second, titled "Post-harvest quality of the 'Vitória' pineapple obtained by different types of cuttings and ages of floral induction”. The experiment was conducted in the area of the Experimental Farm of the Capixaba Institute of Research, Technical Assistance and Rural Extension, in the municipality of Sooretama-ES. The experimental design was a randomized block design in plots subdivided in time, with four replications. Each plot consisted of slip from 100 to 200 g and ratoon sucker from 201 to 300 g. The subplots were the ages of artificial floral induction (8, 10 and 12 months after planting) and x natural induction. Several characteristics related to the vegetative development, phenology, productivity and physical-chemical quality of the fruits were evaluated. It was observed a significant interaction between the factors studied for the variables of leaf width 'D' and total leaf area, number of shoots produced, as well as for the chemical variables of the fruits. The natural flowering occurred between 16 and 18 months after planting extending the crop cycle, however, it obtained higher production of slips and high productivity. The artificial induction of flowering at eight months after planting anticipates the harvest in up to 167 days compared to the other artificial inductions. The fruit biomass with crown was superior in natural flowering, with 58% of biomass gain compared to the induction at eight months. The artificial inductions resulted in fruits of smaller circumference, diameter and thickness of pulp. The plants artificially induced at 12 months and natural yielded fruits with superior physicochemical quality, for both types of cuttings used. It can be concluded that flowering management through floral induction is an important strategy to obtain fruits with varied characteristics that meet the requirements of the different types of internal and external markets. Therefore, for juices or sweets industries, induction can be performed in all periods evaluated to depend only on the fruit demand season. For markets of fresh fruits and / or exports, it is recommended to carry out the artificial induction from the 12 months to obtain a more uniform harvest or to induce naturally, if it is necessary to prolong the harvest period.
MODULAÇÕES MORFOFISIOLÓGICAS E TOLERÂNCIA AO CÁDMIO (Cd) EM Alternanthera tenella Colla (AMARANTHACEAE) DURANTE O CULTIVO IN VITRO E O POTENCIAL DO ZINCO (Zn) COMO MITIGADOR DE ESTRESSE INDUZIDO PELO Cd
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-02-24) Clairvil, Evens; Gontijo, Andreia Barcelos Passos Lima; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3422-4398; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2762003128008528; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0607-5236; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8095332477677350; Rodrigues, Luiz Carlos de Almeida; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6336-0247; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3138521098703978; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168
The excess of trace elements in the environment is toxic to living beings and shows the need for stress relief elements in the habitat. Cadmium (Cd) has no biological role and is considered toxic to plants. Zinc (Zn), through its potential to detoxify trace elements and increase photosynthetic activity, has been cited as a mitigation to the harmful effects induced by Cd. In this context, it is proposed to evaluate the morphophysiological modulations and tolerance of plants of the species Alternanthera tenella to Cd under controlled conditions, in addition to verifying the potential of Zn as a mitigator of stress induced by Cd. Two experiments were carried out that will be presented and described, in chapters I and II, respectively, of this dissertation. In the first experiment, nodal segments of A. tenella were grown in flasks containing semi-solid MS medium supplemented with 0, 50, 100 and 150 μM of Cd. After 30 days of cultivation, the total fresh and dry weight of the plants were determined , in addition to the content of photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll a fluorescence and tolerance index (IT). This study showed that Cd reduced the biomass and the content of photosynthetic pigments, induced photochemical dysfunctions with decreases in qL, qN and qP and increased WL, WK and ΦNO (indicative of photodanes). In addition, the plants had a low IT level (≥21.7) in the analyzed concentration range. A. tenella does not tolerate concentrations greater than 100 μM of Cd and showed a level of physiological responses clearly dependent on the concentrations of this metal. In the second experiment, nodal segments of A. tenella grown in Zn-modified MS medium (without Zn) were grown in flasks containing semi-solid MS medium supplemented with three levels of Cd (0, 75 or 150 μM) and Zn (0, 750 or 1500 μM). Again, after 30 days of cultivation, the anatomy of the leaves and stem, the total dry weight of the plants, in addition to the chlorophyll a fluorescence and tolerance index (TI) were determined. The anatomical structures (stem/leaf) of the plants showed a reduction due to both trace elements. With exposure only to Cd, the plants showed physiological disturbances, compromising their growth. Supplementation of Zn in the medium has a positive effect on the physiological performance of plants, in concentrations ≤ 750 μM it can partially alleviate the deleterious effects of Cd. Plants cultivated with Zn and Cd exhibited an intermediate IT (≈ 40.68), proving the potential of Zn as a stress reliever induced by Cd in plants. Thus, from an ecotoxicological point of view, the excess of both trace elements (Cd and Zn) represents toxicity to the species studied.
Qualidade de frutos do abacaxizeiro cv. Vitória em função do desenvolvimento da planta, da colheita e pós-colheita
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-07-31) Rodrigues, Pietra de Souza; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/ 3754209862600976; Schmildt, Edilson Romais; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3457-7997; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0648502408490406; Machado Filho, Jose Altino; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7759-2479; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6970783359192931
Different management strategies can be used in pineapple to optimize production and improve fruit quality, meeting the demands of the production chain. The quality of pineapple fruits is influenced by several factors, such as crop management, harvest conditions and post harvest technologies. Strategies for the scaling of production with quality fruits are essential when conducting the crop. The ripening stage in which the pineapple fruit is harvested influences the quality and storage time. Thus, two works were developed. The first entitled "Effect of agronomic management on physicochemical quality of pineapple fruits based on redundancy analysis", and the second "Definition of harvest point as a function of storage time of fruit storage pineapple cultivar". The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Capixaba Institute for Research, Technical Assistance and Rural Extension, in the municipality of Sooretama-ES, where it was evaluated several characteristics related to vegetative development, phenology, physicochemical quality, storage and fruit ripening. The main results obtained were low variability among most physicochemical characteristics when correlated with plant characteristics. It was also concluded that the storage time and the ripening stage affected the physicochemical properties of 'Vitória' pineapple fruits.
QUALIDADE DE MUDAS DE Coffea canephora: INFLUÊNCIA DO GENÓTIPO, AUXINA E ÉPOCAS DE COLETA DE ESTACA
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-08-20) Chisté, Hérica; Schmildt, Edilson Romais; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3457-7997; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0648502408490406; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4690-1931; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8232004695355554; Gontijo, Andreia Barcelos Passos Lima; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3422-4398; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2762003128008528; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; Machado Filho, José Altino; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7759-2479; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6970783359192931
The genetic variability between clones, the season in which the cuttings are collected and the low concentration of endogenous auxin are determining factors for the rooting and quality of conilon coffee seedlings. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the interaction between different concentrations of auxin on the quality of seedlings of five genotypes of conilon coffee collected in summer and winter. The experiment was carried out in a nursery, located at the Experimental Farm of Linhares - ES, between the months of June to November and December to May, winter and summer respectively. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design in a split plot scheme with four replications of 27 plants, with 14 useful plants in the plot, totaling 108 seedlings per treatment. The plot consisted of five genotypes (A1, LB1, 143, 02 and 748) and indole-3-butyric acid concentrations (0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg Lିଵ) and the sub plot constituted by two seasons of cuttings collection (summer and winter). In the R software, correlation was performed using the Pearson method, considering the p-value at a significance level of 0.05 and the creation of the correlation matrix in the Corrplot package. Analysis of variance was performed using the Sisvar statistical program, and when significant, the means were compared using the Scott Knott test at 5% probability. Quantitative regression analyzes were performed to obtain the adjustment equations of the mathematical models. The quality of conilon coffee seedlings is influenced by the time of cuttings collection, by the genotype and by the dose of IBA. Cuttings collected in winter have a lower capacity for shoot formation and AIB promoted an improvement in the performance of less vigorous genotypes. The formation of the aerial part of seedlings of genotype 748 is inhibited by 72% in cuttings collected in winter, and at the point of greatest efficiency at the dose of 726 mg L^(-1) of IBA promotes an increase of 29.40% in length. Of the stem. The seedlings of genotype 143 have reduced development of the shoot genotype and the season has no influence, however, the AIB promoted an improvement in the performance in cuttings collected in the summer with the highest efficiency point at the dose 959 mg Lିଵ). The genotypes A1, 02 and LB1 had very similar responses for both the time of collection of cuttings and the doses of IBA. No differences were detected in the length of the longest root of the conilon coffee genotypes as a function of IBA doses applied, with mean values of 19.75 cm, concerning MSR, the changes as a function of IBA doses were not sufficient for statistical significance. It is concluded that the genotype and the time of collection of the cuttings are the most determining factors in the quality of the seedlings of the conilon coffee tree. Cuttings collected in winter have a lower capacity for aerial part formation. AIB promotes improvement in the growth of less vigorous genotypes.
RESPOSTA DE ENRAIZAMENTO DE GENÓTIPOS CONTRASTANTES DE COFFEA CANEPHORA MEDIANTE USO DO AIB
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-02-25) Sallin, Valeria Pancieri; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Falqueto, Antelmo Ralph; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2005727951505420; Lira, Jean Marcel Sousa; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Simon, Catia Aparecida; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Sallin, Valéria Pancieri; MSc; Federal University of Espirito Santo; February 2022; Rooting response of contrasting genotypes of Coffea canephora using IBA; Advisor: Sara Dousseau Arantes; Co-advisor: Jean Marcel Sousa Lira. In the climate change scenario

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