Doutorado em Ciências Sociais

URI Permanente para esta coleção

http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17511

Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início: 2018
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Aprovado na 180ª Reunião do Conselho Técnico-Científico da Educação Superior (CTC-ES), realizada no período de 17 a 19 de outubro de 2018, em Brasília.
Periodicidade de seleção: Anual
Url do curso: https://cienciassociais.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PGCS/detalhes-do-curso?id=128

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Agora exibindo 1 - 11 de 11

Entre a direita e a esquerda no Brasil popular : um estudo sobre a formação da identificação política de estudantes do Proeja/Ifes nas eleições presidenciais brasileiras de 2018 e 2022
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-12-06) Girelli, Luciana Silvestre; Machado, Igor Suzano ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4843-9664; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3882899105315228; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2973-3924; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6518466392290560; Pavesi, Patrícia Pereira ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Mendonça, Daniel de ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Medeiros, Jonas Marcondes Sarubi de ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Alvim, Davis Moreira ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
This dissertation sought to understand how the formation of political identification or not among students at Proeja-Ifes – Vitória campus occurred, in relation to candidate Jair Bolsonaro, during the 2018 and 2022 Brazilian presidential elections, with an emphasis on the school's contribution to the formation of their political positions. The study involved the participation of 20 students, divided between voters and non-voters of the candidate, and adopted qualitative methodologies for data collection, such as in-depth interviews, focus groups and observation. The Discourse Analysis of the Essex School, whose main exponents are Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, was used as a theoretical-methodological reference and, as structuring concepts, the notions of political identification, antagonism and hegemony. Through the analysis of the life trajectories of students, a tendency was identified for them to assume hegemonic political positions in the spaces where they felt most supported in moments of vulnerability. In the case of Bolsonaro's voters, the internet, religion and, to a lesser extent, social organizations and schools predominated. Among non-voters, schools and social organizations stood out and, to a lesser extent, cultural and virtual spaces. To understand how students responded to the process that led to the hegemony of Bolsonarism, their narratives were analyzed in the social, political and phantasmatic dimensions, through the Logics of Critical Explanation, according to authors Jason Glynos and David Howarth. It was demonstrated that Bolsonaro's voters were mobilized primarily by moral agendas, especially those related to the defense of the family, and non-voters, by demands related to the mitigation of social, ethnic-racial, gender and sexual orientation. It was found that antagonism marked the political identification of the participants, whether through anti-petism or rejection of Jair Bolsonaro, and manifested itself in the school environment through political conflicts, experienced negatively. Despite this, the students affirmed the relevance of political debate in the school environment, as long as it is in an agonistic format, in which the opponent is not seen as an enemy. It was concluded that the school had relative importance in the formation of students' political identification, being more influential among the candidate's non-voters. Furthermore, it contributed to fostering reflections and promoting contact with otherness, demonstrating that it is a potentially amplifying space for democracy
Liberdades civis como indicadores da secularização: um estudo comparativo microssociológico a partir da atuação parlamentar no Brasil e Uruguai
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-11-16) Weber, Bruno Curtis; Almeida, Marcelo Fetz de; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7229-0295; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3936124976880088; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6494-0320; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5644933129753409; Almeida, Marcelo Fetz de; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7229-0295; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3936124976880088; Almeida, Luís Gustavo Teixeira de; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6029-0343; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5255389687422958; Mariano, Ricardo; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1796133639096827; Caetano, Gerardo; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Barreira, Marcelo Martins; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9367-3073; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0690909917220112
abstract
Maré conservadora e educação: análise de discurso crítica sobre políticas educacionais no Brasil e em Vitória-ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-12-08) Real, Danielly da Costa Vila; Nascimento, Euzeneia Carlos Do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5041035987649708; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2709-728X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7209735688470187; Tatagiba, Luciana Ferreira; Machado, Igor Suzano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3882899105315228; Ribeiro, Adelia Maria Miglievich; https://orcid.org/0000000197362996; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6821974709618583
Between the years 2010 and 2022 in Brazil – within the context that has been called the Conservative Tide – we observed the advance of a morally regulatory, security punitive, socially intolerant and economically liberal conservatism. As a consequence of this phenomenon, the traditional dispute between educational policies classified as reforms (inclusivist) and counter-reforms (neoliberalist) lost space to the advancement of (anti)reforms (moralizing, militarizing and intolerant). On the national scene, we highlight the National Common Curricular Base and the New Secondary Education as counter-reforms partially supported in the educational field, while the Militarization of public schools, Escola Sem Partido and Homeschooling are (anti)reforms demanded by groups exogenous to the policy communities educational. At the subnational level of Vitória-ES, conservatism also materializes in counter-reforms, but the moralizing (anti)reforms supported by religious groups stand out: Escola Sem Partido, Eu Escolhi Esperar and Infância Sem Pornografia. Having observed the social problem of the subtle erasure of the themes of class, race, gender and sexuality in the educational field, we took on the research problem of explaining how conservatism materializes in “against” and “anti” educational reforms. To this end, we adopted CDA (Critical Discourse Analysis) at two levels: a corpus of national policies and another from Vitória-ES. During the analysis of the policy texts and the speeches of interviewed actors, we identified the training ideal that underpins the written and oral speeches, observing two categories: a) what is the conservative force that constitutes each policy, and b) which diversity theme is implicated in the dispute. The biggest findings of this thesis are a) situating educational policies as resources for ideological change; b) differentiate educational policies by categorizing them as reforms, counter-reforms and (anti)reforms, considering the ideal of human formation that underpins each of them; and c) denaturalize the orders of the “anti-diversity” discourse that spread throughout educational discursive networks during the conservative tide, instrumentalizing the wronged to defend their right to difference. But as a secondary finding, we also highlight the illocutionary effect of these law proposals, since the interviews give clues about possible behavioral changes in teachers even before the policy achieves any legislative victory.
O Patrimônio Camponês: Aspectos etnográficos de novas identidades rurais em Patrimônio da Penha, Caparaó Capixaba
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-09-13) Almeida, Alexandre D'Avila de; Dadalto, Maria Cristina; https://orcid.org/0000000279253929; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1720560349495010; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8230-7175; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7371906759647678; Paveis, Patricia Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3952116395952727; Rodrigues, Marcia Barros Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1531744628299485; Vargiu, Andrea; Merler, Alberto
Inserted in the context of contemporary movements to return to the countryside (Fugere Urbem), we sought to describe a neo-rural typology of idealist inspiration that has involved individuals of urban origin attracted by supposed comparative advantages of the rural universe, as seen in the district of Patrimony of Penha, Espírito Santo municipality of Divino de São Lourenço, Brazil. This location, chosen as the geographical area of the research, has stood out in recent decades due to the influx of people from Brazil and abroad in search of a lifestyle different from that of their urban roots. Here, we start from the premise that this transition to rurality attempts to construct a representation of the peasantry insofar as it proposes the resumption of various practices of vernacular communities, such as manual work and work with the land, community reciprocity, customs and religiously inspired beliefs, food with local products, simple clothing, rural architecture etc. However, the effectiveness of this identification with the peasant ethos would be open to question due to the lack of expression of the economic (the link with agricultural work) and cultural dimensions, historically attributed to the peasantry. Furthermore, the urban origin of these individuals could prevent their adaptation to the peasant universe due to a condition of prior reflexivity acquired in cities. Aiming to clarify these and other issues surrounding the genesis of this new agent, the local alternative rural public was approached as a case study in a descriptive and exploratory research carried out in the years 2021-2022. Through participant observation, ethnobiographies of the new inhabitants of the place and content analysis of the speeches, we sought to exhume the justifications for their displacement to rural areas, as well as the strategies used by these subjects to build a neo-peasant routine. The results highlighted the successes and difficulties of this utopian attempt to rescue the rural, which, despite its asymmetry in relation to the native peasant worldview, demonstrated to play an important role in the community articulation of the territory, both in the economic and cultural fields.
O Racismo mata! Uma Sociologia Forense do Genocídio da População Negra Brasileira.
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-11-04) Barbosa, Victor de Jesus; Almeida, Marcelo Fetz de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3936124976880088; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Rodrigues, Marcia Barros Ferreira; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1531744628299485
abstract
Pessoas em situação de rua e a questão da moradia : significados, sentidos e implicações na construção da cidadania e das políticas públicas
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-06-06) Pereira, Sandra Mara; Losekann, Cristiana ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9043-6099 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6484935860818055 ; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0838-3960 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6888697915777015 ; Robaina, Igor Martins Medeiros; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2188-5245 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5597776164559444 ; Leal, Giuliana Franco ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0233-339X ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9111235010629776 ; Costa, Daniel De Lucca Reis; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7803-4276 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0252309800911440 ; Natalino, Marco Antonio Carvalho ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7144-7518; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6314853138159056
The absence or impossibility of access to housing is a constituent element of “being homeless”. However, housing policy has occupied a marginal space within the policies of care for the homeless population in Brazil. In this sense, this research aims to study public housing policies for homeless people, taking as a starting point the understanding of the senses and meanings attributed to the social phenomenon “homeless” and the issue of “housing”, by managers, policy operators and the homeless– subjects of ongoing research. It is postulated that the symbolic dimension has significant impacts on the constitution of public policies. Therefore, investigating this dimension and how it impacts the development and daily practices of policies is an important exercise in the context of studies on the homeless and public policies. The emergence, still embryonic in the country, of the Housing First model, as opposed to the traditional care model, makes the research carried out even more timely. Within the methodological path, documentary research on policies for the homeless population stands out; carrying out semi-structured interviews with different research subjects and content analysis. As the National Policy for the Homeless Population established in 2009 is a federal regulation that is largely implemented at the municipal level, through co-financing and adherence by municipal managers, there is an important intersection between the national sphere – as a normative construction, and the municipal scope, where care for HP actually takes place. For this reason, the field research strategy was defined as carrying out interviews with subjects who experience the reality of the municipality of Vitória, capital of the state of Espírito Santo, as a possible way of accessing the senses and meanings produced by the subjects. That carry out, operationalize or relate to the homeless policy in their daily practice, as a proxy for a broader context. The research highlighted a disconnect between the social issue of the homeless and the issue of housing: the homeless interviewed stated the centrality of housing in their personal projects, they spoke of the desire to have a house of their own and rebuild their homes; however, housing for the homeless, in the view of professionals and managers, takes on another meaning and appears marginally in the policies of care for this segment
Pretas cervejeiras: uma pesquisa qualitativa sobre consumo e politização em práticas onlife
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-07-11) Maestri, Tiare Goulart; Dadalto, Maria Cristina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-3929; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Oliveira, Osvaldo Martins de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Pavesi, Patrícia; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Silva, Gleicy; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Portilho, Fátima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
This thesis investigates consumption as an everyday practice, endowed with the potential to generate social change, highlighting the racial relations. In the beer scene, traditionally dominated by white men, black women face a diverse matrix of oppressions in contemporary times. The study sought to understand how the onlife practices of Pretas Cervejeiras enable them to transform the context, or contexts, in which they are inserted. This research argues that Pretas Cervejeiras, by incorporating ethical and politicized concerns into their everyday practices and by communicating through their bodily performances on digital platforms, play a crucial role in confronting the oppressions rooted in their own realities and the realities of others. This action transcends the individual scope, promoting the visibility and representation of black women in the beer scene, contributing to the deconstruction of broader oppressive structures. The methodological strategy adopted, drawing on the contributions of cartography (Passos, Kastrup, and Escóssia, 2009) and multisited ethnography (Marcus, 1995), describes the onlife (Floridi, 2015) practices and the organization of Pretas Cervejeiras in the digital environment. The thesis discusses colorism (Devulsky, 2021) and intersectionalities (Akotirene, 2019). It analyzes the politicization of consumption (Boström, Micheletti, and Oosterveer, 2019) and the Afro-entrepreneurship (Nascimento, 2020), and the resistance to systemic oppressions through the politicization of pleasure (Pinheiro-Machado and Scalco, 2022), considering the community created by Pretas Cervejeiras as a form of aquilombamento (Daniels, 2013). Pretas Cervejeiras create and support businesses that celebrate their culture and diversity, challenging dominant narratives and promoting inclusion. For them, consuming and engaging in the beer sector is not just an economic activity but a political act related to the affirmation of an identity. The politicization of consumption and entrepreneurship emerges as a response to systemic exclusion and marginalization. Their experiences reflect the politicization of pleasure, confronting social norms that marginalize the black female body. This pleasure, often denied or limited by classist, racist and sexist structures, finds in beer a means of expression and claim. Thus, these women break away from limiting social expectations of their bodies and redefine leisure and consumption spaces as political arenas.
Quando o tempo parou o Congado : rupturas culturais diante das mudanças temporais
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-05-22) Arrebola, Daniel Luiz; Fetz, Marcelo ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Oliveira, Osvaldo Martins de ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Creado, Eliana Santos Junqueira; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Bosco, Estevão Mota Gomes Ribas ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Paiva, Andréa Lucia da Silva de ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Doctorate thesis presented to the Social Sciences Program at the Federal University of Espírito Santo where I research, in the field of Anthropology of Time, the influence of time on sociocultural relations. The general aim of this research is, from a field exercise, to create a future scenario based on prospecting methodologies of Grumbach, Porter and Schwartz which, in turn, should dialogue with the anthropological analyzes of time and culture. In this thesis, I intend to approach new ways of carrying out ethnographic research with the use of methodologies not commonly used by anthropology, but which, however, have much to contribute to the Social Sciences by bringing the multidisciplinarity of knowledge to anthropological practices
Terra dos animais da floresta: análise das relações entre humanos e outros seres no território, e seus arredores, ocupado pela Reserva Biológica de Sooretama
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-10-05) Santos, Claudia Farias Gomes dos; Creado, Eliana Santos Junqueira; https://orcid.org/0000000302306612; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9502095470595626; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1358-6239; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8466347067263701; Oliveira, Osvaldo Martins de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4697-6722; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3039095049409337; Loera, Nashieli Cecilia Rangel; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4728-1017; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2123336363340595; Santos, Leonardo Bis dos; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9048-8705; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9329890613026505; Scarin, Paulo Cesar
This work deals with the analysis of the established relations between sooretamenses family farmers and other beings in a territory, and their adjacencies, currently occupied by the Biological Reserve of Sooretama, a natural protected area, located in the north region of Espírito Santo state (ES). The organized discussion is registered in the field of the studies of social sciences referred to human and non-human relations. The work consists on the observation and experiencing of the ways of being and living from rural communities next to this protected area. We can affirm that our interest is in the peculiarities and complexities presented in human interactions with the environment. This research deals with socioenvironmental issues which considers the world conjoint constitution, especially in its territorial dimensions. Although it has not been our initial goal, the analyses promoted here, allowed to consider, as well, how these humans and the non-humans with whom this territory is shared constitute plural morethan-human landscapes that extrapolate the topographic boundaries of this conservation area.
“Vai ter que aturar” mulheres-políticas-negras-faveladas na Alerj
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-09-23) Cunha, Mirila Greicy Bittencourt; Ribeiro, Adelia Maria Miglievich ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9736-2996; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3274-0516; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Rocha, Luciane de Oliveira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9576-5847; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Costa, Andrea Lopes da ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3672-6298; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Brito, Simone Magalhães ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5731-413X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Sierra, Vania Morales; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3778-6954; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Carneiro, Sandra Maria Corrêa de Sá ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7747-1773; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
The thesis is oriented by the hypothesis: i. the entry of black women faveladas/peripherical in politics disturbs the “narcissistic pact” (BENTO, 2002) of white men, majority group in Brazilian representative democracy, heirs to the positions of power since the processes of the colonial enterprise; ii. the parliamentary activity of “women- politicians-black-faveladas”, as they are here defined, is a constant process of aquilombamento (NASCIMENTO, 2006; 2015) in the political-public sphere, that redefines it. It is proposed here a sociological analysis of the “way of making politics” presented by the Agenda Marielle Franco (INSTITUTO MARIELLE FRANCO, 2020), arranged in seven guidelines and practices, as an incitive and guide for the candidacy of black women. As is known, the councilwoman (vereadora) from Rio de Janeiro Marielle Franco was a victim of “political femicide” (SOUZA, 2020) in March 14, 2018. However, she left as a legacy another way of power organization, that we sought to verify in the activities of Dani Monteiro, Mônica Francisco and Renata Souza, her advisors, elected Federal Deputies (Deputadas Federais) in their first elections six months after the summary execution of their inspirational figure. As methodological strategy, parliamentary pronouncements were selected, made in pulpit of the plenary tribune of the Legislative Assembly of the State of Rio de Janeiro (Alerj) registered by shorthand, available on the institution’s website as “order of the day” and “discourse” (ordinary and extraordinary). With the keyword “Mariele Franco” 70 documents were filtered, of a total of 179, in the year 2019. Said speeches point, on one side, the Racist Sexist Political Violence[s] (VPSRs) (MATOS, 2019; 2021) and the confirmation of whiteness as means of domination (BENTO, 2002; CARDOSO, 2008; SCHUCMAN, 2012), on the other, the resistance of the “mulheres-negras-periféricas-faveladas”, by pronouncements, that also were escrevivências (EVARISTO, 2005; 2009; 2017; 2022). The motto of Marielle Franco’s first and only campaign, “I am because we are”, ubuntu, African proverb, echoes Brazil’s historical social construction, leaving explicit the racism, sexism, and classism that affect, until today, the public offices representative of institutional politics, confronted by them in the struggle for the decolonization of power capable of denouncing and challenging and the formal and exclusionary democracy
Vulnerabilidade político-institucional: a complexa dimensão do risco de desastre
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-07-11) Silveira, Tânia Maria; Silva, Marta Zorzal e; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5622-5389; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Losekann, Cristiana; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Vieira, Marcelo Martins; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Lavalle, Adrian Gurza; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Milanez, Bruno; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Disasters are increasingly recurring at national and global levels. Vulnerability is a polysemic concept used in different fields of knowledge to understand specific problems. However, within the field of disaster studies, vulnerability is a specific problem whose study has been driven by the escalation of this phenomenon and its damaging effects on people, communities, systems and assets susceptible to hazards. This thesis investigates the causes of the failure of the Fundão dam in Mariana (MG) in 2015. It aims to identify the political-institutional factors and processes that exacerbated the conditions of vulnerability in the Samarco case. As a case study, it uses Robert Yin's (2005) concept as a methodological reference, as well as qualitative methods and techniques used in the social sciences. The theoretical proposition that reflected the set of research questions was based on the concept of politicalinstitutional vulnerability as a dimension of disaster risk. The institutional dimension of vulnerability encompasses both the context and the process by which institutions are weak in ensuring compliance with safety standards, or how they ignore their duty to ensure compliance with regulations to prevent, mitigate, and recover from the effects of a hazardous event. The findings of this thesis show that the Fundão dam collapse had devastating consequences. Political and institutional vulnerability exacerbated risk conditions, resulting in multiple impacts that persist over time. Samarco Mineração S.A. and its parent companies, Vale S.A. and BHP Billiton Brasil Ltda., expanded production beyond what was sustainable, disregarding laws and safety standards. At the institutional level, the research revealed omissions and shortcomings in regulations, as well as non-compliance with the rules established by public licensing and inspection bodies, which allowed the dam to operate without guaranteeing compliance with safety standards. The analysis of the context revealed challenges in the public governance of disaster risk and in the regulation of the negative externalities of iron ore mining. In summary, the thesis confirms the theoretical contributions in the disaster literature that vulnerability to disaster hazards is a complex and dynamic relational expression because it involves multiple interrelated factors. In other words, vulnerability is not an isolated concept. intrinsically connected to other elements such as the environment, infrastructure, communities, and social and political systems. It is complex because it cannot be reduced to a single cause or variable, and it is dynamic because it evolves over time. This means that disaster vulnerability is a multifaceted concept that requires a holistic and adaptive approach to minimize risks and adverse impacts.

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