Doutorado em Política Social

URI Permanente para esta coleção

http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17555

Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início: 2012
Conceito atual na CAPES: 5
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE, Parecer CES/CNE nº 487/2018 (Portaria MEC 609, de 14/03/2019), DOU 18/03/2019, seção 1, p. 63.
Periodicidade de seleção: Anual
Área(s) de concentração: POLÍTICA SOCIAL, ESTADO E SOCIEDADE
Url do curso: https://politicasocial.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGPS/detalhes-do-curso?id=1421

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A assistência à saúde na China Continental
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-05-05) Silva, Adriana Ilha da; Nakatani, Paulo; Marques, Rosa Maria; Andrade, Maria Angélica Carvalho; Faleiros, Rogério Naques; Gomes, Helder
This PhD thesis presents the changes and reforms for health care in Mainland China, facing Deng Xiaoping’s “open doors” policy and economic reforms since 1978. As a result of political and economic decisions, a series of reforms on health care were implemented starting in 1980, with the introduction of a market mechanism. This has gradually altered health insure systems practiced under Mao Tsé-tung command in People’s Republic of China (PRC). We aim to demonstrate how health care has undergone a transformation from its centralized, preventive, collective and universal organization to one that is fragmented, decentralized, and of individual accountability, prioritizing high complex health sectors, with advanced technology and prescription of drugs with rising costs. In addition, that Hu Jintao’s (fourth generation) management has turned to some Maoist principles, such as universality, promotion of public health, prevention of major diseases, despite the remaining fiscal centralization. In the course of this work it has become evident that Cooperative Medical System aimed at rural population has collapsed, and was abandoned by the Ministry of Health from 1979 to 1981. There was a reduction of community funds; increase percentage of drug reimbursement; and full charge of health service by cooperative of which the fund was temporarily scarce for reimbursement (lack of loan repayment by the local government). In the 1990s, both the Government Insure System, which served government employees (9% of the urban population), and the Labor Insurance System were replaced by the Basic Medical Insure System, aimed at urban employees. In 2007, it became the Medical Insurance System for Urban Residents, adding migrant workers and farms who lost their land. Intending to replace the Rural Cooperative Medical System, some pilot initiatives of international organizations were experimented with in the 1990s, but only in 2003 it was implemented the New Rural Cooperative Medical System. The Medical Financial Assistance was established in 2003 to provide health care payments to the poor in urban and rural areas. Moreover, finally, if Deng Xiaoping’s reforms and Jiang Zemin’s measures compromised the collective nature of public health contributions, promotion, access, and coverage by making health users “cooperative” with government in health financing. Under Hu Jintao’s government there were some attempts with the National Health Reform, especially between the years of 2008 and 2009, which intended for universal coverage of rural and urban based on some principles for basic public health care from the Maoist Era.
A economia política da pobreza na atual trama conjuntural brasileira : conservadorismo, (des)caminhos, contradições e interdições no horizonte da transformação social
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-04-06) Silva, Ruteléia Cândida de Souza; Leite, Izildo Corrêa; Silva, Jeane Andréia Ferraz; Gomes, Maria das Graças Cunha; Manfroi, Vania Maria; Nogueira, Vera Maria Ribeiro
The present study aims to investigate and understand the theoretical and interpretative bases of the ideology of the poverty political economy, and its relationship with the current Brazilian conjuncture, considering the period that begins in the year 2003 and extends to 2017. It consists of an investigative effort of apprehension on the interpretation theoretical bases of the poverty political economy their principles and its connection with the present Brazilian conjuncture, placing these theoretical bases in the marks of different theories and ideologies. In this sense, the term poverty political economy, was used to explain the apparent and ideopolitical form as the phenomenon of poverty and capitalist expropriations have been appropriated by the agents and representatives of bourgeois thought that, in a conservative reformism, strengthen the bourgeois domination project, hiding the dynamics that feeds the immanent logic of interest-bearing capital, centered on expropriation, production, and the accelerated and intensified extraction of more value. The research, in the light of the historical and dialectical materialist method, has its methodological path delimited from basic categories constituted and constituents of and by reality, appropriated under and exploratory bias and that allowed a closer approximation to the essential categories to the attainment of the objectives proposed for this study, such as: work, poverty, social formation, State, class struggle. In addition, in order to make use of a collection, which allowed the understanding of conditioning factors that determine the way of being and living of a whole society, such as the ideas defended by the empowerment thesis of the poor, empowerment and entrepreneurship. In the methodological course, bibliographic research elements were appropriated, in order to gather and organize the formulations contained in diverse analytical sources and that dealt with the subject studied. As for the data analysis technique, the content analysis was used to decode the information and to make inferences in accordance with the appropriate method. As a result, the constructed dialectical synthesis allowed us to verify that the poverty political economy fulfills the role precisely of offering the favorable and necessary conditions to attend to the bourgeois domination and accumulation interests and, therefore, indispensable to maintain order and Social balance. It acts both in the sphere of consensus and in the field of discipline, using private devices of hegemony and national and international bourgeois domination. From these reflections it became clear that the of the ideology of the poverty political economy plays a preponderant role in material and social expropriations, contributing, through manipulation, regression and even repression, to definitively consecrate the capital supremacy and the illusion of an omnipotent market.
A intersetorialidade como estratégia técnica e política da Organização Mundial da Saúde e do Banco Mundial
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-11-27) Abreu, Cassiane Cominoti; Garcia, Maria Lúcia Teixeira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9851.8411; Mendonça, Luiz Vasconcellos Pessoa de; Couto, Berenice Rojas; Mendes, Jussara Maria Rosa; Vieira, Ana Cristina de Souza
The objective of this thesis is to analyze the fundamentals of intersectoriality as a management strategy proposed by the World Health Organization and the World Bank, characterizing the intentionalities contained in the technical and political dimensions. To reach the goal, we conducted a qualitative research, involving documentary research from intersectoral and multisectoral keywords, from the texts available on the websites of these international agencies. The search occurred between 2015 and 2016. The method chosen as epistemological reference was the dialectical historical materialism. For data analysis we used the content analysis of the thematic type. The meaning of intersectionality for the World Health Organization and the World Bank is related to: performing actions, activities or joint efforts between various sectors; to a health strategy adopted at international health promotion conferences; as a synonym for multisectoral action among sectors and the joint work among professionals from different disciplines/professions to share knowledge or as a form of intervention, approach, actions, coordination between different sectors. The objectives for the use of intersectoriality/multi-sectorality by both Agencies are related to the resolution of social problems such as lack of health, education, epidemics and poor management of social policies. The promotion of intersectoral actions is related to the scope of social policies, especially for the poor and vulnerable, as a technical management tool capable of defragmenting social policies and solving social problems. Using the categories historicity, essence/appearance, the impossibility of solving social problems in capitalism and the defragmentation of social policies through the use of intersectorality was revealed. It is understood that the genesis of the fragmentation and social problems indicated by the Agencies are associated with the material basis that produce them: the social relations of production. These command the whole process and the human needs of social beings are not the priority of the system. We conclude that the apparent technical rationalization conferred to the intersectoriality/multisectorality by the international agencies World Health Organization and the World Bank masks ideological and political determinations in favor of the reproduction of social reform proposals allied to neoliberalism. These suppose that with good administration and resource management and intersectoriality it is possible to resolve expressions of the social Issue. The intersectoriality, in the conceptual aspect, must be understood as a technical and political action of articulation between sectors aiming at the construction, reaffirmation or opposition to collective projects.
A reforma de 2008 do sistema de pensões chileno : fundamentos e resultados
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-11-30) Magioni, Mirella Januário; Mendonça, Luiz Jorge Vasconcellos Pessôa de ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8636833397248985; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5174-7268; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1382870372532861; Cortés, Claudio Lara ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-5009; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Marques, Rosa Maria ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5624-0885; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2871056220262685; Silva, Jeane Andréia Ferraz ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8484-4611; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1191662939408746; Salazar, Silvia Neves ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-5300; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0908221033518499
Latin America was the scene of important transformations of economic and social order during the 1980s and 1990s. These transformations are related to the process of exhaustion of the national development model that existed between the 1930s and 1980s in the continent, and also in in the last instance, with the crisis of the capitalist system of the 1970s, which called into question the regime of Fordist accumulation and state interventionism in the economy and social policies. In this sense, Chile was the first country to adopt the neoliberal principles, among them the substitution of the simple distribution system by the individual capitalization system. The justification of the Pinochet government for the reform was based on the difficulty of financing the pay-as-you-go system and the low pension levels offered there. The introduction of the private system has generated many predictable gaps because many workers could not contribute the required 20 years due to the increase in unemployment, which generated an army of workers unprotected in old age. All these issues led the Chilean government, led by Michelle Bachelet in 2006, to discuss further reforms aimed at including the uncovered workers. In 2008, Law 20,255 was approved, which among other things created the pillar of solidarity, a type of non-contributory benefit focused on the poorest groups, without, however, changing the pension fund market model. It is concluded that the reform of the Chilean Pension System in 2008 constituted a way of adapting / updating the principles instituted in 1981 to social needs before the agitation of the contradictions of the capitalist system in the last three decades in the country. In response to these contradictions, reforms were instituted that updated neoliberal principles based on the establishment of a focused social policy to serve the poorer segments of the population
A Relação Entre As Teorias De Proteção Social E As Abordagens De Avaliação De Políticas Sociais: Uma Análise Das Orientações Do Banco Mundial
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-02-29) Amorim, Andressa Nunes; Ferraz, Ana Targina Rodrigues ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3679-8611; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857410893866995; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8665496325222789; Couto, Berenice Rojas; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8049096413430157; Silva, Jeanne Andrea Ferraz; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8484-4611; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1191662939408746; Silva, Salyanna de Souza; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3329-4856; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0960034302893803; Nogueira, Vera Maria Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4158-1510; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6925549508843228
The objective of this thesis is to understand the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the main approaches to evaluating social policies and their relationship with social protection standards, based on the World Bank guidelines for evaluating social policies to combat poverty. In this sense, the theoretical and methodological nature of the World Bank's guidelines for the evaluation of social policies for developing countries is questioned, since it is based on the assumption that the evaluation process is intrinsically intertwined with political, theoretical and methodologies defining public social policy and represents a substantive element in the definition of social policy that guides the actions of public agents. In this way, politics is characterized as the process of decision-making and governance in a society, which involves the distribution of power and resources, as well as conflict resolution and the formulation of public policies. In this sense, politics can be understood from three dimensions: the organization of the State, the constitution of a regime through the State with its organizations and institutions in their legal and administrative dimensions (polity), the field of dispute where the divergences, speeches, ideas and the dispute of interests (politcs) and state action or omission materialized in public policy (policy). These dimensions are interrelated and have a cause and effect relationship. Thus, we seek to permeate the different understandings about the evaluation of public social policies based on the premise that policy evaluations are judgmental actions, which prevents this process from being merely instrumental, technical or neutral. It is permeated by different interests, different worldviews, different understandings of social reality and interpretations of it. In this sense, it is noteworthy that obtaining consensus in the dispute over the State, or the public fund, occurs through the State in the formulation of public policies, that is, through the influence of subordinates in the formulation of policies in a context of concession by the classes dominant classes to the dominated classes to maintain their hegemony. Thus, in this context of competing interests, we sought to analyze the concepts, trajectory and approaches to evaluating social policies in a context of growth in the field of policy evaluation. Considering that evaluation is a field in dispute, we sought to understand the uniqueness of approaches to evaluating social policies in light of the historical moment in which public policies, and especially social policies, go through a process of counter-reformation associated with the advance of neoliberalism resulting in the reduction of social protection standards around the world. This process developed in the post-capitalist crisis of the 1970s under the influence of multilateral agencies, mainly the World Bank, whose privileged role as an international financial agent gave it the possibility of acting as a financier with political and ideologically oriented actions and as an influencer of designs. of public policies, especially social policies, in fulfilling the self-assigned task of mitigating extreme poverty on the planet.
A relação entre movimento feminista e partidos políticos de esquerda no Brasil, no contexto de acirramento da crise capitalista, 2008-2017
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-05-03) Pereira, Célia Barbosa da Silva; Ferraz, Ana Targina Rodrigues; Soto, Olga Perez; Alvaro, Mirla Cisne; Tatagiba, Luciana Ferreira; Moraes, Lívia de Cássia Godoi
This study analyzes how the relationship between feminist movements and left political parties in Brazil has been expressed during the period of 2008 to 2017, a context of intensification of the world capitalist crisis. From a study case regarding the way this relationship has been developed by three feminist movements with national reach, which are: World March of Women (WMW), Brazilian Women’s Articulation (BWA) and the Movement of Peasant Women (MPW), we pointed out contemporary tendencies presented by feminist movements about their political relations with left parties. The hypothesis was that, in a context of intensification of the world capitalist crisis, the relationship between feminist movements and political parties would be strengthening, in the sense of a greater approximation indicating organicity. Therefore, having in mind the particularities of the national scene, the proposed thesis was that, in Brazil, the current relationship between feminist movements and left political parties indicates a new type of relation based in the understanding from social movements that they are political agents and that they have the same role as the parties in directing the political fight of the working class. The qualitative research was based in: bibliographical survey for the construction of the theoretical reference and historical understanding of the object of study; research documented in WMW, BWA and MPW websites and in-depth interviews with fourteen militants that are a reference to this movements to data collect; analysis of the speech to data comprehension. The results point to a confirmation of the thesis. The studied movements had an approximation with left political parties in the context of the capitalism crisis, establishing a relation of organicity, mainly with Popular Consultation and Workers Party. This relationship is based in the comprehension that social changing can only happen through an anti-systemic fight that articulates the dimensions of sex, race/ethnicity and class. The motto “without feminism there is no socialism” indicates the understanding of these movements that an egalitarian society must be based in the fight for the emancipation of the working class, mas also be aware of the specificities of the women’s emancipation.
A superexploração do trabalho na teoria marxista da dependência : uma análise crítica à luz da realidade brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-08-29) Mandarino, Thiago Marques; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Faleiros, Rogério Naques ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Moraes, Rafael ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Franklin, Rodrigo Straessli Pinto ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Rodrigues, Carlos Henrique Lopes ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Jurgenfeld, Vanessa Follmann ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
This thesis aims to carry out a critical analysis of the overexploitation of the labor force, fundamental to the Marxist Theory of Dependence. As this analytical category has become increasingly frequent in left-wing debates, research, and movements, considering its potential for the apprehension of Brazilian reality is essential to those who envision revolutionary praxis. By scrutinizing the criticisms of overexploitation and resorting to classic authors of the debate on national formation – Caio Prado Jr., Florestan Fernandes and Celso Furtado -, it is clear that there are relevant elements to be considered, especially the fact that the colonial and slave-owning past establish, here, particularities with regard to the class regime, the dynamics of the class struggle, the constitution and the value of labor power. Thus, recovering the elements of the past, which are still being reconfigured in contemporary Brazil, at the same time that the perspective of national formation is regated, allows a questioning of super exploitation category itself, as well as prospecting an analysis that rests on the concrete reality of our history and the class struggle aimed at here
Aprendizados da experiência chinesa : sobre as relações de Estado numa transição ao socialismo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-02-12) Gomes, Helder; NakataniI, Paulo; Leite, Izildo Corrêa; Marques, Rosa Maria; Campos Júnior, Carlos Teixeira de; Faleiros, Rogério Naques
This Doctoral Thesis presents the debate on the state relations in a transition to socialism in two complementary perspectives. The idea is to leave a clear outline of conception of the character of the State form, in the projection of a post-capitalist transition in both aspects of their nature as regarding their forms of intervention. At the same time, the work comes to identifying elements that could corroborate for understanding the relations of the State in the early stages of a transition from a concrete experience of implementing a socialist construction project. Thus, the text is centered to indicate a possible way to interpretation, which may contribute to the understanding of the character of the State in the early decades of transition to socialism, with the fundamental base of support the accumulation of dialectical knowledge on the subject and some of the references dealing with the construction process of the People's Republic of China. In this particular case, it was evident that despite the development of a strategic project, long-term, the internal circumstances and the external imperialist pressure, in every moment, demanded tactical reorientation that often were changing the plans of deployment of pace initials, extending the outlook concerning the duration of Chinese transition to socialism. Hence the statement about the need to reach a certain spread of the possibility of progress in alternative forms of collectivization of production and the abolition of private property to project the consolidation of socialism. This means that the revolution should be a process permanently in at least two senses: allowing a continuous process of renewal of the living forces of the revolutionary movement in the social fabric, seeking a rural-urban unit; but at the same time creating the conditions for international solidarity in promoting the popular mobilizations of transforming nature in as many countries as possible. Only in this way a spread of the socialist world revolution could be permanent.
As agroindústrias na produção dos assentamentos do MST
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-08-23) Amaral, Maísa Maria Baptista Prates do; Faleiros, Rogério Naques; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1209-8458; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8231-6807; Sampaio, Daniel Pereira; Nakatani, Paulo; Tsui, Jade Margareth Sit; Stédile, Miguel Enrique Almeida
The general aim of this thesis is to demonstrate how/if the implementation of the MST's agro industries contributes to the construction of new labor, production, and commercial relations in the settlements, and to see if they are an alternative to the production model imposed by agribusiness. Our research locations were the milk and dairy products processing agro-industry, Cooperoeste, located in the municipality of São Miguel do Oeste, Santa Catarina; the organic rice agro-industry, Coopan, situated in the city of Nova Santa Rita, Rio Grande do Sul; and the coffee processing agro-industry, Coopterra, located in the city of São Mateus, Espírito Santo. This is a qualitative study that involved a literature review on the agrarian question in Brazil, focusing on the struggle for land and the process of agro-industrialization, seeking to understand how this process develops in Brazil and its integration with global capitalist dynamics. In addition, field research was carried out to collect qualitative data. The data collected consisted of individual interviews with the producers who benefit from their production in these agro industries, the presidents of the cooperatives, and a leader of the MST's national production sector, totaling 33 interviewees. The interviews were analyzed using the content analysis technique. As a result, we identified that agro-industries, despite being part of an economy dominated by agribusiness, contribute to improving the quality of life within agrarian reform settlements, generating employment and income for settled families, youth, and women. In addition, despite the contradictions arising from being part of a capitalist society, they present themselves as an alternative to the agribusiness model, building new relations of production, labor, and marketing.
As universidades brasileiras e a indução estratégica da pesquisa : o comprometimento da autonomia científica
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-09-21) Ribeiro, Daniella Borges; Ferraz, Ana Targina Rodrigues; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9264-7618; Mari, Cézar Luiz De; Mendes, Jussara Maria Rosa; Garcia, Maria Lúcia Teixeira; Nakatani, Paulo
This study aims at analyzing the way the directions given to scientific research in Brazil through CNPq (Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) incentives has affected the production of knowledge in universities, as well as verifying whether or not scientific autonomy is compromised. This is a documental study carried out based on data about investigations funded by CNPq between 2011 and 2014. In this period, 135 calls for investigations were spread by this body, for which 93,367 proposals were submitted and 24,450 were approved for funding (26.2%). Of the 135 calls for research investigated, 105 (77.8%) required PhD degree for research submission; 128 (94.8%) were open to private institutions (for or nonprofit), and only 05 calls (3.7%) were specific for public institutions. Of the 24,450 research projects accepted for funding, 10,724 (43.9%) were submitted by institutions located in the Brazilian Southeast and 5,670 (23.2%) in the South Region, among which USP, UFRJ, UFMG, UFRGS and UNESP were the universities with most proposals approved. The wide area of knowledge that had the largest number of projects accepted was the agrarian sciences, with de 3,895 (15.9%) projects approved. Of the 135 calls for research investigated, in 126 (93.3%) the theme to be studied was provided. We understand thatinstitutional differentiation; diversification of funding sources for production of knowledge (promoting the idea that universities have autonomy to gather resources in the market); regional asymmetry and influence by the State concerning areas and themes to be studied compromise scientific autonomy in our country. The production of knowledge that could optimally meet the needs of Brazilian workers is subject to the needs of production and of the market attuned to the expectations of international bourgeoisie, which corroborates our position as peripheral country, dependent on global economy.
AVANCES Y BARRERAS ENFRENTADAS POR LAS ONGS EN LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE UNA AGENDA DE ENFRENTAMIENTO AL VIH/SIDA EN BRASIL, PERIODO 2009-2019
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-12-18) Manrique, Walver David Villegas; Garcia, Maria Lucia Teixeira; https://orcid.org/0000000326729310; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3834218481612647; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Vieira, Ana Cristina de Souza; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Leal, Fabiola Xavier; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4767058956645536; Moraes, Livia de Cassia Godoi; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6183475552707235; Jr, Veriano de Souza Terto
The objective of this thesis is to analyze the advances and setbacks faced by the NGOs in the construction of a prevention agenda for the confrontation of Hiv/Aids in Brazil, from the capital crisis, period 2009-2019. To achieve the objective, we carry ou
COOPERATIVAS E TRANSIÇÃO SOCIALISTA: A EXPERIÊNCIA DAS COOPERATIVAS NÃO AGROPECUÁRIAS EM CUBA
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-02-28) Dardengo, Andre Moulin; Nakatani, Paulo; https://orcid.org/0000000216526598; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2175115564418325; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Pandolfi, Aline Fardin; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Carraro, Gissele; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Moraes, Livia de Cassia Godoi; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6183475552707235; Moreira, Renata Couto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2303257575161768; Soto, Olga Perez
The objective of this thesis, based on an exploratory investigation, is to analyze the role of the cooperative property in the cuban socialist transition process, with special emphasis on the period following the 6th Congress of the Communist Party of Cub
DA INVISIBILIDADE À TRANSPARÊNCIA: O GASTO PÚBLICO EM ASSISTÊNCIA ESTUDANTIL EM TEMPOS DE AUSTERIDADE FISCAL E CONSERVADORISMO POLÍTICO
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-06-22) Prada, Talita; Garcia, Maria Lucia Teixeira; https://orcid.org/0000000326729310; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3834218481612647; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Santos, Carolina Cassia Batista; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Gomes, Maria das Gracas Cunha; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6036055846414075; Abreu, Cassiane Cominoti; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Almeida, Ney Luiz Teixeira de; Silva, Jeane Andreia Ferraz; https://orcid.org/0000000184844611; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1191662939408746; Yannoulas, Silvia Cristina
abstract
DAS JORNADAS DE JUNHO ÀS OCUPAÇÕES DAS ESCOLAS (2013-2016): REVOLTAS DA JUVENTUDE BRASILEIRA EM TEMPOS DE CRISE
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-02-02) Taquetti, Camila Lopes; Ferraz, Ana Targina Rodrigues; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3679-8611; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857410893866995; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1300-9421; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6175452520260573; Pereira, Tatiana Dahmer; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-8950; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2619212275317172; Jesus, Graziela Menezes de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3357-5551; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3256385201180019; Moraes, Lívia de Cássia Godoi; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8284-6605; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6183475552707235; Groppo, Luís Antonio; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0143-5167; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4667459802757846
The main objective of this research is to analyze the forms of action and political organization of the urban protest of Brazilian youth movements that emerged in particularly with the explosion of the national wave revolts, formed by the 2013 June Journeys, and the School Occupations that happened between 2015 and 2016, in the context of the worsening of both economic and political crisis. Also to verify whether these movements are characterized by the reinvention of political expressions of social resistance revealed in the previous struggles of the 20th century. As specific objectives, we sought to verify: the socio-historical conditions that made both the constitution and the uprise of these urban movements, possible; the configuration of the Movimento Passe Livre (MPL) movement and the “O Mal Educado” (OME) collective, in their ideological aspects, political-organizational perspectives and developed actions; the relationship and interaction of MPL and OME with traditional leftist social movements before 2013 in the process of intensifying social struggles; the incidence of these autonomist collectives from São Paulo in the June Journeys and the School Occupations, and, finally, the forms of political action used by urban youth movements to verify whether they are characterized by the reinvention of political and organizational trends revealed in previous struggles in the 20th century. It is a qualitative research, whose data were collected through semi-structured interviews with former MPL and OME militants, whose content was analyzed in the light of the theoretical framework that permeated the discussion of the capitalist crisis from the Marxist framework. , in addition to the historical perspective of collective actions and the revolt circumstances with a prominent role from youth from around the world since the 1960s until the wave of rebellions reactive to the crisis at the beginning of the 21st century. And, finally, we also situate the discussion pointing to the Brazilian situation driving the wave of youth revolts between 2013 and 2016, when the attempts to reinvent the forms of action and socio-political organization are revealed on a national basis.
Desvelamento de contradições da categoria superexploração da força de trabalho em Ruy Mauro Marini : elementos a partir da economia brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-02-28) Nogueira, Camilla dos Santos; Mendonça, Luiz Jorge Vasconcellos Pessôa de; Franklin, Rodrigo Straessli Pinto; Carcanholo, Marcelo Dias; Moreira, Renata Couto; Nakatani, Paulo
Starting on the controversy over be - or not to be - the super-exploitation a specific category of dependent countries, or general for the central economies in face of the intensification of the precariousness of labor conditions, a condition that capital currently imposes on the worker as a way to recover the profit in the moment of crisis, the present study shows that the super-exploitation of the labor is connected with the transfer of more value as a form of compensation, and that the trend movement between these dialectical units, demonstrates the form of accumulation that happens in countries. In this way, the generalization of super-exploitation and its extension to the central countries only occurs as mechanisms of remuneration below the value necessary for the reproduction of the labor force, not representing the total reproduction of the relations that make the dialectic of dependence. The elements of the Brazilian economy, analyzed in the present study, indicate that the country intensified the transfer of more value abroad after the 1990‟s commercial and financial opening. Among the elements that emerge from the Brazilian economy who demonstrate an increase in the transfer of more value, the study showed that the growth of foreign investments in the country had accentuated the sending of profits, dividends and interest. Therefore, the transfer of more value produced in Brazil is appropriate externally, which intensifies the relations of dependence of the country's economy. The conditions for the use of the labor force in the Brazilian labor market worsened after the commercial and financial opening, when the problem of dependence determined by the transfer of more value was sharpened. This relationship occurs because, in the process of de-accumulation of the Brazilian economy and vulnerabilities resulting from economic crises, capital recovers the loss of more value through the super-exploitation of the labor force. Concluding, by this Brazilian economy element can be concluded that, there is a relation between the dialectical units, transfer of value and super-exploitation of the labor force. This relationship, however, occurs in a trend movement, which indicates the specificity of the function of super-exploitation in dependent economies.
Distribuição, igualdade social e desenvolvimento : a experiência cubana
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-06-09) Stocco, Aline Faé; Soto, Olga Perez; Nakatani, Paulo; Guitart, Silvia Odriozola; Costa, Edmilson Silva; Sabadini, Maurício de Souza
This thesis starts from the experience of construction of socialism in Cuba to study the relationship of distribution in its unit with social relations of production. In this sense, will be demonstrated that the results achieved by Cuba in social equality and development were related to the constitution of a distribution's system that assumed particular characteristics conferred by the construction of socialists relations of production. For this, describes the process of socialization of the means of production that occurred in the country after 1959, as well as the settle of the planning as the form of social regulation of production. Related to this, shown the rising of new mechanism of wealth appropriation produced in the country that resulted in a system of distribution that started to afford, for all folks, the satisfaction from their spiritual and material necessities. Additionally, exposes the range of the crises that Cuba had lived in the beginning of 1990's because of, at least, the fall of world socialist system and the hardening of economic block by USA. With this, describes the ermegencial measures adopted by the government in order to conserves the Cuban experience in the construction of the socialism. Hence, analyses the structural changing that were implemented in relationship with the rising of a diversification of the management forms of the means of production during the 1990's: monetary duality and economic segmentation. Finally, shown distortions that were produced in the distribution's system, as well as how its system had been losing its capacity of maintain the standard of living and social equality achieved until 1989, which requiring a new process of changing. Hence, evidences the elevated degree of complexity that characterizes the actual relations of distribution; and analysis the changing that were in course within the denominated "process of actualization of economic and social model".
DO “CHOQUE DE GESTÃO” AO CHOQUE NORMATIVO REACIONÁRIO” NA POLÍTICA DE ASSISTÊNCIA SOCIAL (2003-2020): QUANDO O NOVO NÃO NASCE E O VELHO NÃO MORRE
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-03-29) Campos, Naara de Lima; Garcia, Maria Lucia Teixeira; https://orcid.org/0000000326729310; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3834218481612647; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Couto, Berenice Rojas; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Rizzotti, Maria Luiza Amaral; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Leal, Fabiola Xavier; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4767058956645536; Silva, Jeane Andreia Ferraz; https://orcid.org/0000000184844611; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1191662939408746; Leite, Izildo Correa
This thesis analyzes inflexion elements on the conception of the National Social Assistance Policy between 2003 and 2020 Lula, Dilma, Temer and Bolsonaro governments , elucidating whether and what were the continuities and ruptures on such policy. Our
Entre a “cruz” e a "caldeirinha”: doses diárias de alienação nas comunidades terapêuticas religiosas
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-12-03) Bardi, Giovanna; Garcia, Maria Lucia Teixeira; https://orcid.org/0000000326729310; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3834218481612647; https://orcid.org/0000000347113814; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0297419505928490; Mariano, Ricardo; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1796133639096827; Lima, Rita de Cassia Cavalcante; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9918-7503; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7257538417951080; Gomes, Maria das Gracas Cunha; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-0356; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6036055846414075; Leal, Fabiola Xavier; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4767058956645536
Since their emergence in Brazil, therapeutic communities have been expanding, gaining political strength, and increasing access to government funding. Although heterogeneous, their configurations point to religious work methods in order to promote a subjective-moral transformation of the individuals participating in these rehabilitation programs. From this scenario, our general objective was to analyze the aspects of alienation present in the discourses of people treated in religious therapeutic communities for addictions. As specific objectives, we had: to debate the organic relation between the capital and the prohibitionist politics; reflect on the alienation category; and characterize the therapeutic communities in Brazil by highlighting the process between religion and the treatment model offered. Data were obtained through 28 personal interviews with individuals who were treated in religious therapeutic communities. The selection of individuals was based on indications from CAPS ad professionals from the Espírito Santo Metropolitan Region, and other key informants who had no link with CAPS ad. We used discourse analysis to analyze the data obtained. The speeches uttered by the interviewees were organized in three groups: those who showed acceptance of the religious teachings provided by therapeutic communities (eight individuals); those who reject the religious teachings, demonstrating criticism of the methods used by these communities and defense for a treatment in freedom (nine individuals); and those who presented both agreement and disagreement with religious precepts (eleven individuals). Individuals who incorporated aspects of religious ideology have become to relate the courses of events in their lives to the spiritual realm. Interviewees often oscillated between the “cross” - the incorporation of religion as an essential element in their addiction recovery process – and the “devil's cauldron” – the incorporation of the drug as the result of the interference of devil in their lives and of the demonization historically constructed by the prohibitionist ideology. We conclude that the discourse spread out by religious institutions in the field of drugs policy legitimizes the prohibitionism and conceals, through an individualizing discourse (with the particularities of religion), the dynamics of capital that needs its ideologies to alienate human beings from yesterday, today and tomorrow. In addition to not addressing addiction effectively, religious-based therapeutic communities spread a discourse based on the protective effect of religion against this evil, which, in fact, is intended to mask the real malaise of our civilization: the dynamics of capital. This thesis rejected the naturalization of moralistic, conservative and authoritarian practices and theories that are predominantly present in our society.
Estado e seguridade social no Brasil pós-1990
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-07-31) Justo, Rafael Breda; Nakatani, Paulo; https://orcid.org/0000000216526598; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2175115564418325; https://orcid.org/0000000240803727; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4396238256861584; Mendes, Áquilas Nogueira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5632-4333; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7310723011915165; Carraro, Gissele; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3143-9708; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6949112965998925; Mello, Gustavo Moura de Cavalcanti; https://orcid.org/000000024281995X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8149571973918042; Sabadini, Mauricio de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8481385071338984
The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the contemporary formatting of Brazilian Social Security, having as fundamental problematization the fact of the non-complete implementation of this State policy in relation to its formal/legal order enshrined in the 1988 Constitution and the process of disfigurement of several of these norms since 1990. It is considered that the formal characterization of Social Security – which instituted a social protection system formed by three areas: social security, health and social assistance – idealized by the Constituent process and confirmed in the constitutional text – is a set of abstract norms that is presented in an antagonistic way to the dynamic and imposing reality of capitalist logic with regard to public intervention effectively practiced in Brazil. This is because the subordinate relationship of the Brazilian State in relation to the context of the global capital reproduction structure, based primarily on the movement of financial capital of parasitic characteristics since the 1970s, has largely implied an intervention model, at the level of governments, basically incompatible with the projections determined in the Charter. Thus, the most general and specific fundamental determinants of the Brazilian reality that characterize the structuring processes of the unviability of Social Security are demonstrated in the mold of the 1988 Constitution, especially through three fundamental aspects: the anachronistic nature of the pattern of public intervention applied in Brazil in relation to the attempt to implement, through the 1988 Constitution, of a Social Welfare State model – disseminated in countries in Europe and North America between the post-World War II period to the mid-1970s – of incompatibility with macroeconomic policy and institutional changes in the scope of Security (or falling on it) practiced at the level of governments since the 1990s.
“FECHA A FÁBRICA, MULHER!” O PLANEJAMENTO FAMILIAR NA AGENDA DO CONGRESSO NACIONAL E DAS MÍDIAS
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-07-11) Menandro, Leila Marchezi Tavares; Garcia, Maria Lucia Teixeira; https://orcid.org/0000000326729310; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3834218481612647; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Alvaro, Mirla Cisne; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Ferraz, Ana Targina Rodrigues; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857410893866995; Nogueira, Vera Maria Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Barret, Hazel Rose
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